Chapter 10: Supplementation
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Dietary supplement | show 🗑
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| show | Must be obtained in the diet, as the body is incapable of producing the nutrient on its own.
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| Toxicity | show 🗑
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| show | The primary legislation of the U.S. government regulating dietary supplements.
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| Code of Federal Regulations | show 🗑
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| show | The greatest quantity of a vitamin or mineral that may be consumed in a day without risk of an adverse health effect.
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| Adverse effect | show 🗑
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| Stimulant | show 🗑
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| show | Molecule made from amino acids and used as a dietary supplement to facilitate adenosine triphosphate regeneration for improved training capacity, strength, power, and muscle mass.
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| Banned | show 🗑
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| Anabolic steroid | show 🗑
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| show | Any component of a dietary supplement included for the purpose of causing a physiologic effect; displayed on the main body of the supplement facts panel.
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| show | Any component of a dietary supplement included for taste, bulk, or as a preservative; displayed beneath the main body of the supplement facts panel.
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| show | Portion of a dietary supplement’s label that displays the active ingredients, other ingredients, serving size, number of servings, quantity of ingredients, and the percent daily value.
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| show | Amount of a nutrient recommended to be consumed each day to maintain good health. Based on a 2,000-calorie diet for those ages 4 years and older.
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| show | A dietary supplement used to improve a component of well-being.
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| show | A dietary supplement that may enhance performance or body composition; may also be referred to as an ergogenic aid.
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| show | Group of organic compounds required in small quantities in the diet to support growth and metabolic processes.
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| show | Inorganic, natural substances, some of which are essential in human nutrition. There are two kinds of minerals: major minerals (aka, macrominerals) and trace minerals.
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| show | The form in which a vitamin must be to exert an effect within the body.
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| Biologically inactive | show 🗑
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| show | The red-orange pigment found in vegetables and fruits that is converted to vitamin A in the body.
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| show | A sensitivity to lactose (milk sugar) typically resulting in gastrointestinal distress.
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| Irritable bowel syndrome | show 🗑
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| Rickets | show 🗑
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| show | A condition of reduced bone mineral density, which increases risk of bone fracture.
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| Heart arrhythmias | show 🗑
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| Platelet aggregation | show 🗑
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| Immunodeficiency | show 🗑
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| Peripheral neuropathy | show 🗑
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| show | Muscle degeneration.
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| Collagen | show 🗑
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| show | A disease resulting from insufficient vitamin C and characterized by spontaneous bleeding (usually of the gums), anemia, swelling, weakened joints, and loss of teeth.
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| Beriberi | show 🗑
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| Pellagra | show 🗑
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| show | A loss of appetite or the conscious decision to avoid eating, often leading to dangerously low body weight and/or malnourishment.
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| Anemia | show 🗑
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| Dermatitis | show 🗑
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| Spina bifida | show 🗑
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| show | Absence of menstruation.
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| Osteopenia | show 🗑
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| Lacto-ovo vegetarian | show 🗑
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| Ovo-vegetarian | show 🗑
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| Hypercalcemia | show 🗑
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| show | A type of iron found in animal foods.
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| Nonheme | show 🗑
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| show | A disease in which the body absorbs too much iron from consumed foods.
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| show | The polyunsaturated fats, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA).
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| show | A type of omega-3 fatty acid found in the flesh of cold-water fish, such as tuna, mackerel, salmon, and herring.
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| show | A type of omega-3 fatty acid that is found in seafood, such as fish and fish oils.
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| show | One type of omega-3 fatty acid found in seeds and oils, such as walnuts and flaxseed, and many common vegetable oils.
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| show | The chemical or substrate form in which most fat exists in food as well as in the body.
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| show | A dietary supplement that may enhance performance or body composition; it may also be referred to as a performance supplement.
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| show | Organic building blocks of proteins containing both a carboxyl and an amino group.
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| show | Amino acids that can be synthesized by the body and do not, under normal circumstances, need to be obtained in the diet.
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| show | Amino acid that must be obtained through the diet as the body does not make it; there are nine essential amino acids.
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| show | The three essential amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) that are abundant in skeletal muscle tissue and named for their branchlike structures.
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| show | Process by which new muscle proteins are formed and a muscle grows or repairs at the molecular level.
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| show | High-energy molecule that releases energy when its bonds are broken.
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| show | The most common, and likely most effective, form of creatine available as a dietary supplement.
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| show | Practice of using large doses of a supplement to saturate muscle tissues or other body stores prior to resorting to a lesser, maintenance dose.
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| Endogenous | show 🗑
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| Adrenaline | show 🗑
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| Caffeine anhydrous | show 🗑
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| show | Dimethylamylamine; a stimulant and amphetamine once legal for use as a dietary supplement.
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| Ephedra | show 🗑
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| Serious adverse effect | show 🗑
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| Hormone precursor | show 🗑
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| Testosterone | show 🗑
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| show | A condition in males characterized by breast tissue growth.
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