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The Nervous System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the nervous system responsible for ? | all internal communication and coordination |
| What is the nervous systems primary role ? (homestasis) | to maintain a constant balance of the internal environment, known as "homeostasis" |
| Describe Homeostasis (Nervous System) | the constant balance of the internal environment |
| If every nerve end in the human body was placed end to end how far would it stretch | 2.5 times around the world !! |
| "homeostasis" is achieved with the help of the brain and a huge complex network of what other 2 things that run throughout the body ? | electrical nerves & chemical messages |
| summing up the role of the nervous system its role its to gather info (S), analyse the gathered info (I) & and (R)espond to the received info - define "SIR" | (S)ENSATION - (I)NTERGRATION - (R)ESPONSE |
| explain the nervous system function SENSATION'S role in gathering info, | sensors in the body gather info about the external or internal environment |
| relaying infor to the brain when a body part is moving or its position relative to the rest of the body is the role of ? IP | internal proprioceptors |
| what are proprioceptors and where are they found | Sensory receptors located in themuscles, tendons, joints & inner ear |
| Name the nervous system function SENSATION'S "external" sensors & example | Eyes, Ears, Mouth - air temp or space available |
| What can the nervous system function SENSATION'S "internal" sensors proprioceptors detect | carbon dioxide levels in blood |
| explain the nervous system function INTEGRATION'S (interpretation/anaysis) role on gathered info via the sensation function. | interprets & analyses the info from the sensors "decides" on the appropriate action. |
| What 2 actions are available to the nervous system function INTEGRATION ? | "Voluntary" - eg Muscle movement // "Involuntary" eg digestion |
| explain the nervous system function RESPONSE'S role on the analysed info gathered via the integration function | the analysed info now initiates an appropriate reaction |
| Give an example of a reaction initiated by the nervous systems function RESPONSE | A muscle contraction to lift a weight, perform a movement or glandular secretions |
| What system does the nervous system work closely with ? (E) | ENDOCRINE system |
| What is the "endocrine" system responsible for so "homeostasis" can be maintained ? | the release of hormones (chemicals) |
| What two primary divisions make up the nervous system ? CNS & PNS | CENTRAL & PERIPHERAL Nervous systems |
| What nervous system division is know as the control base for the whole nervous system ? | the CNS |
| What parts of the body is the CNS comprised of ? | The brain & the spinal cord |
| All nerve impulses that stimulate muscles to contract & create movement of the body originate from which primary nervous system ? | CNS |
| Which primary nervous system consists of all the branches of nerves that lie outside the spinal cord ? | PNS |
| What is the role of the PNS (peripheral nervous system) | To carry messages through its network of nerve cells to & from the CNS |
| what two systems does the PNS subdivide into ? (S/A) | The SOMATIC & AUTONOMIC systems |
| Which subdivision of the PNS controls voluntary(conscious) movement of the skeletal muscles ? | The SOMATIC eg for walking, lifting weights etc |
| Which subdivision of the PNS controls involuntary movement (without conscious) functions ? | the AUTONOMIC system eg digestion & heart rate etc |
| Whats Happening !! would apply to which nervous system function (SIR) | SENSATION |
| What does it mean !! would apply to which nervous system function (SIR) | INTERGRATION |
| What am I going to do about it !! would apply to which nervous system function (SIR) | RESPONSE |
| Name the four parts (aspects) of the brain | CEREBRUM - DIENCEPHALON - BRAIN STEM - CEREBELLUM |
| which part of the brain is the largest, most superior aspect & takes up most of the skull ? | CEREBRUM |
| Which aspect of the brain consists of the thalamus & hyperthalamus ? | DIENCEPHALON |
| Which is the smaller aspect of the brain ? | CEREBELLUM |
| which aspect of the brain stores all learnt skills & controls the groups action of muscles ? | CEREBELLUM |
| which two aspects of the brain communicate work in harmony ? | CEREBRUM & CEREBELLUM |
| which part of the brain consists of the medulla oblangata, mid brain & pons ? | BRAIN STEM |
| which part of the brain is the continuation of the spinal cord ? | BRAIN STEM |
| which part of the brain is the inferior aspect ? | BRAIN STEM |
| what 4 segments (vertabrae) does the spinal cord consist of ? | Cervical, thoracic, lumbar & sacral |
| what organ & nervous system is the spinal cord the communication link for | brain & PNS |
| the spinal cord intergrates incoming info & produces responses via reflex mechanisms, what is this know as ? | reflex arc |
| What are nerve cells know as ? | Neurons |
| Neurons (nerve cells) are responsible for transmitting what kind of messages ? | Electrical |
| spinal are nerves are divided into what two types of neuron ? (M&S) | Motor & Sensory |
| Which neurons carry messages "to" the CNS ? | Sensory - from the sensory organs |
| Which neurons carry messages "from" the CNS ? | Motor |
| Which Neurons arrive on the posterior side of the spinal cord ? | Sensory |
| Which Neurons transmit nerve impulses to muscles & glands ? | Motor |
| Which Neurons exit on the anterior side of the spinal cord ? | Motor |
| Which part of a neuron stores the cells genetic info eg DNA ? | Nucleus |
| Which part of a neuron directs the activities of the neuron | The Cell body |
| which part of a neuron picks up impulses & sends them to the cell body ? | Dendrite |
| Which part of a neuron transmits messages away from the cell body | Axon |
| Which part of a neuron insulates the AXON to speed up message transportation ? | Myelin (Sheath) |
| Nucleus, Cell body Dendrite, Axon, Myelin & Nerve ending all are parts of ? | A neuron |
| What organ has over 100 billion neurons | The brain |
| How many neurons does the body contain ? | Millions |
| where do motor neurons transmit nerve impulses to, to create movement | muscles |
| Which nervous system is responsible for the ‘fight or flight’ response that speeds up the heart rate | Sympathetic |
Created by:
LeeNelson
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