The Nervous System
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| What is the nervous system responsible for ? | all internal communication and coordination
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| What is the nervous systems primary role ? (homestasis) | to maintain a constant balance of the internal environment, known as "homeostasis"
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| Describe Homeostasis (Nervous System) | the constant balance of the internal environment
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| If every nerve end in the human body was placed end to end how far would it stretch | 2.5 times around the world !!
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| "homeostasis" is achieved with the help of the brain and a huge complex network of what other 2 things that run throughout the body ? | electrical nerves & chemical messages
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| summing up the role of the nervous system its role its to gather info (S), analyse the gathered info (I) & and (R)espond to the received info - define "SIR" | (S)ENSATION - (I)NTERGRATION - (R)ESPONSE
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| explain the nervous system function SENSATION'S role in gathering info, | sensors in the body gather info about the external or internal environment
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| relaying infor to the brain when a body part is moving or its position relative to the rest of the body is the role of ? IP | internal proprioceptors
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| what are proprioceptors and where are they found | Sensory receptors located in themuscles, tendons, joints & inner ear
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| Name the nervous system function SENSATION'S "external" sensors & example | Eyes, Ears, Mouth - air temp or space available
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| What can the nervous system function SENSATION'S "internal" sensors proprioceptors detect | carbon dioxide levels in blood
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| explain the nervous system function INTEGRATION'S (interpretation/anaysis) role on gathered info via the sensation function. | interprets & analyses the info from the sensors "decides" on the appropriate action.
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| What 2 actions are available to the nervous system function INTEGRATION ? | "Voluntary" - eg Muscle movement // "Involuntary" eg digestion
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| explain the nervous system function RESPONSE'S role on the analysed info gathered via the integration function | the analysed info now initiates an appropriate reaction
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| Give an example of a reaction initiated by the nervous systems function RESPONSE | A muscle contraction to lift a weight, perform a movement or glandular secretions
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| What system does the nervous system work closely with ? (E) | ENDOCRINE system
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| What is the "endocrine" system responsible for so "homeostasis" can be maintained ? | the release of hormones (chemicals)
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| What two primary divisions make up the nervous system ? CNS & PNS | CENTRAL & PERIPHERAL Nervous systems
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| What nervous system division is know as the control base for the whole nervous system ? | the CNS
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| What parts of the body is the CNS comprised of ? | The brain & the spinal cord
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| All nerve impulses that stimulate muscles to contract & create movement of the body originate from which primary nervous system ? | CNS
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| Which primary nervous system consists of all the branches of nerves that lie outside the spinal cord ? | PNS
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| What is the role of the PNS (peripheral nervous system) | To carry messages through its network of nerve cells to & from the CNS
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| what two systems does the PNS subdivide into ? (S/A) | The SOMATIC & AUTONOMIC systems
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| Which subdivision of the PNS controls voluntary(conscious) movement of the skeletal muscles ? | The SOMATIC eg for walking, lifting weights etc
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| Which subdivision of the PNS controls involuntary movement (without conscious) functions ? | the AUTONOMIC system eg digestion & heart rate etc
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| Whats Happening !! would apply to which nervous system function (SIR) | SENSATION
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| What does it mean !! would apply to which nervous system function (SIR) | INTERGRATION
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| What am I going to do about it !! would apply to which nervous system function (SIR) | RESPONSE
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| Name the four parts (aspects) of the brain | CEREBRUM - DIENCEPHALON - BRAIN STEM - CEREBELLUM
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| which part of the brain is the largest, most superior aspect & takes up most of the skull ? | CEREBRUM
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| Which aspect of the brain consists of the thalamus & hyperthalamus ? | DIENCEPHALON
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| Which is the smaller aspect of the brain ? | CEREBELLUM
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| which aspect of the brain stores all learnt skills & controls the groups action of muscles ? | CEREBELLUM
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| which two aspects of the brain communicate work in harmony ? | CEREBRUM & CEREBELLUM
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| which part of the brain consists of the medulla oblangata, mid brain & pons ? | BRAIN STEM
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| which part of the brain is the continuation of the spinal cord ? | BRAIN STEM
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| which part of the brain is the inferior aspect ? | BRAIN STEM
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| what 4 segments (vertabrae) does the spinal cord consist of ? | Cervical, thoracic, lumbar & sacral
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| what organ & nervous system is the spinal cord the communication link for | brain & PNS
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| the spinal cord intergrates incoming info & produces responses via reflex mechanisms, what is this know as ? | reflex arc
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| What are nerve cells know as ? | Neurons
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| Neurons (nerve cells) are responsible for transmitting what kind of messages ? | Electrical
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| spinal are nerves are divided into what two types of neuron ? (M&S) | Motor & Sensory
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| Which neurons carry messages "to" the CNS ? | Sensory - from the sensory organs
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| Which neurons carry messages "from" the CNS ? | Motor
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| Which Neurons arrive on the posterior side of the spinal cord ? | Sensory
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| Which Neurons transmit nerve impulses to muscles & glands ? | Motor
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| Which Neurons exit on the anterior side of the spinal cord ? | Motor
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| Which part of a neuron stores the cells genetic info eg DNA ? | Nucleus
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| Which part of a neuron directs the activities of the neuron | The Cell body
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| which part of a neuron picks up impulses & sends them to the cell body ? | Dendrite
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| Which part of a neuron transmits messages away from the cell body | Axon
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| Which part of a neuron insulates the AXON to speed up message transportation ? | Myelin (Sheath)
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| Nucleus, Cell body Dendrite, Axon, Myelin & Nerve ending all are parts of ? | A neuron
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| What organ has over 100 billion neurons | The brain
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| How many neurons does the body contain ? | Millions
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| where do motor neurons transmit nerve impulses to, to create movement | muscles
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| Which nervous system is responsible for the ‘fight or flight’ response that speeds up the heart rate | Sympathetic
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