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Brain Anatomy+ Test

Enter the letter for the matching Answer
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1.
The Circle of Willis Arteries
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2.
Diencephalon - (Interbrain) (Function)
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3.
Basilar Artery (Function & Location)
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4.
Impairment to the Brain - Temporal Lobe:
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5.
Flow of Cerebrospinal Fluid
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6.
Holes or Foramina: Median Aperture (Magendie) (Location for CSF)
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7.
Cisterna Magna (Function & Location)
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8.
Infundibulum - (Pituitary Stalk, "Little Bridge") (Function & Location)
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9.
Temporal Lobe (Function & Location)
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10.
Spinal Nerves: Upper Cervical Spine Upper Neck C1 - C2
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11.
Insula - (Insular Cortex) (Function)
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12.
Cingulate Gyrus (Function & Location)
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13.
Choroid Plexus (Function & Location)
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14.
Pituitary Gland (Function & Location)
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15.
Amygdala (Corpus Amygdaloideum) (Function)
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16.
Spinal Nerves: Lumbar Spine Lower Back L1 - L5
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17.
Hypothalamus (Function & Location)
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18.
Reticular Activating System (RAS) (Function)
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19.
Medulla Oblongata (Function & Location)
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20.
Broca's Area (Function & Location)
A.
Belongs to Limbic system. Most important function is to link nervous system to endocrine system via pituitary gland. Located below the thalamus, just above the brain stem. Forms the ventral part of the diencephalon. Regulates metabolic and ANS.
B.
Lower portion of brainstem; extension of the spinal cord. Cardiac, respiratory, vomiting, vasomotor centers, autonomic, involuntary functions of breathing, HR and BP. Without this, heart and lung activity would cease. Usually snaps in hanging suicide.
C.
Located beneath the Sylvian fissure in both hemispheres. Home to primary auditory cortex. Also important for the processing of semantics in both speech and vision. It contains the hippocampus and plays a key role in the formation of long-term memory.
D.
One of three principal openings in the subarachnoid space between the arachnoid and pia mater layers surrounding the brain. Located between the cerebellum and the dorsal surface of the medulla oblongata.
E.
Linked to speech and language production. It is (usually) in the left (dominant) hemisphere between the frontal and temporal lobe.
F.
Anterior: Carotid -> Cranial Cavity bilaterally & divides to Anterior & Middle Cerebral -> united by Anterior Communicating. Poster: Basilar formed by L&R Vertebral -> L&R Posterior Cerebral -> joins Internal Carotid & enters via Posterior Communicating.
G.
A set of connected nuclei in the brain responsible for regulating arousal and sleep-wake transitions. As its name implies, its most influential component is the Reticular formation.
H.
From fourth ventricle to subarachnoid space/cisterna magna.
I.
Endocrine gland the size of a pea. Not part of the brain but a protrusion off the bottom of the hypothalamus at the base and rests in a small, bony cavity (sella turcica) covered by a dural fold (diaphragma sellae). Secretes nine hormones for homeostasis.
J.
Head, face, upper neck, inner & middle ear, sympathetic nerve system, sinuses, eyes, auditory nerves and more.
K.
Cortical deafness, auditory hallucinations may occur, memory/learning disturbance, possible complex partial szs, deja/jamais vu, olfactory hallucination, aggression, antisocial, no new memories, or upper quadrantanopia (a type of blindness).
L.
A structure in the ventricles of the brain where CSF is produced. It consists of modified ependymal cells.
M.
Belongs to Limbic system. Experiencing and expressing emotion and evaluating an event's emotional significance, such as footsteps. Perform a primary role in the processing and memory of emotional reactions, and considered part of the limbic system.
N.
Connection between the hypothalamus and the posterior pituitary. Tract to release hormones into the blood.
O.
Belongs to Limbic system. Receives inputs from thalamus, projects to cortex. Involved in emotion formation and pain. May directly drive conscious response to unpleasant experiences, involved in fear, prediction (and avoidance) of negative consequences.
P.
Believed to be involved in consciousness and diverse functions linked to emotion or regulation homeostasis including: perception, motor control, self-awareness, cognitive, and experience. In relation to these it is involved in psychopathology.
Q.
Lateral Ventricles -> Third Ventricle via Foramen of Monro -> Fourth Ventricle via Aqueduct of Sylvius -> Subarachnoid Space via Foramina of Luschka / Magendie -> around brain & down spinal cord -> reabsorbed via Arachnoid Granulations -> venous sinuses.
R.
Large intestines, appendix, abdomen, bladder, reproductive organs, lower back, lower extremities, ankles, feet, and more.
S.
Controls posterior forebrain structures. Appears at the upper end of the brain stem, situated between the cerebrum and the brain stem. It is made up of four distinct components: the thalamus, the subthalamus, the hypothalamus and the epithalamus.
T.
The single midline from the Vertebral Artery system, which supplies blood to the posterior part of the circle of Willis and thus significant portions of the brain.
Type the Answer that corresponds to the displayed Question.
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21.
Where is the Choroid Plexus located?
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22.
Aqueduct of Sylvius (AKA)
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23.
A set of brain structures (thalmus, hippocampus, amygdalae, cingulate gyrus, hypothalmus, fornix, BG, olfactory, septum), that supports emotion, behavior, motivation, long-term memory, and olfaction. All emotional experience comes from here.
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24.
It is interposed between the two other meninges. This delicate layer is attached to the inside of the dura and surrounds the brain and spinal cord. It does not line the brain down into its sulci (folds), with the exception of the longitudinal fissure.
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25.
Large depressions that divide the brain into lobes. The large furrow that divides the two hemispheres is very rarely called this though.
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26.
Interventricular Foramina
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27.
A depression in the surface of the brain. It surrounds the gyri, creating the characteristic appearance of the brain in humans and other large mammals.
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28.
Delicate innermost layer of the meninges, the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The word finds its roots in Latin, meaning literally "tender mother." It is impermeable to fluid and protects and cushions the brain.
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29.
Integrates sensory information particularly determining spatial sense and navigation. Enables regions of the cortex to map objects perceived visually into body coordinate positions.
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30.
The outermost of the three layers of the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord.

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