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Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Motor Cortex (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| Dura Mater | show 🗑
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| show | It is interposed between the two other meninges. This delicate layer is attached to the inside of the dura and surrounds the brain and spinal cord. It does not line the brain down into its sulci (folds), with the exception of the longitudinal fissure.
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| Pia Mater | show 🗑
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| Subarachnoid Cavity - (Subarachnoid Space) | show 🗑
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| show | A depression in the surface of the brain. It surrounds the gyri, creating the characteristic appearance of the brain in humans and other large mammals.
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| Basal Ganglia (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| show | Belongs to Limbic system. Experiencing and expressing emotion and evaluating an event's emotional significance, such as footsteps. Perform a primary role in the processing and memory of emotional reactions, and considered part of the limbic system.
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| show | A set of brain structures (thalmus, hippocampus, amygdalae, cingulate gyrus, hypothalmus, fornix, BG, olfactory, septum), that supports emotion, behavior, motivation, long-term memory, and olfaction.
All emotional experience comes from here.
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| show | Belongs to Limbic system. Plays important roles in consolidation of info from short-to long-term memory and spatial navigation. Located in the medial temporal lobe. One of the first to damage in Alzheimer's. Entry for memories (sights, sounds).
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| Midbrain (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| show | Middle of brainstem. Sleep, respiration, swallowing, bladder control, hearing, equilibrium, taste, eye movement, facial expressions, facial sensation, and posture. Breathing (in to out). Used in sleep paralysis and helps generate dreams. Means "bridge."
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| Medulla Oblongata (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| Thalamus (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| show | Belongs to Limbic system. Receives inputs from thalamus, projects to cortex. Involved in emotion formation and pain. May directly drive conscious response to unpleasant experiences, involved in fear, prediction (and avoidance) of negative consequences.
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| show | Belongs to Limbic system. Most important function is to link nervous system to endocrine system via pituitary gland. Located below the thalamus, just above the brain stem. Forms the ventral part of the diencephalon. Regulates metabolic and ANS.
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| show | Endocrine gland the size of a pea. Not part of the brain but a protrusion off the bottom of the hypothalamus at the base and rests in a small, bony cavity (sella turcica) covered by a dural fold (diaphragma sellae). Secretes nine hormones for homeostasis.
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| Pineal Gland - (Pineal Body, "Third Eye") | show 🗑
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| show | Located beneath the Sylvian fissure in both hemispheres. Home to primary auditory cortex. Also important for the processing of semantics in both speech and vision. It contains the hippocampus and plays a key role in the formation of long-term memory.
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| Parietal Lobe (Function) | show 🗑
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| show | The visual processing center of the brain containing most of the anatomical region of the visual cortex. The two lobes are the smallest of four paired lobes in the cerebral cortex.
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| Frontal Lobe (Function & Near Structure Locations) | show 🗑
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| Cerebrum - (Telencephalon) | show 🗑
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| Cerebellum (Function) ("Little Brain") | show 🗑
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| show | Linked to speech and language production. It is (usually) in the left (dominant) hemisphere between the frontal and temporal lobe.
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| Wernicke's Area (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| Fissures (Definition) | show 🗑
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| show | Two large blood vessels in your neck that supply the anterior portion of the brain's blood supply.
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| show | Major arteries of the neck. They branch from the subclavian arteries to form the single midline.
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| show | A complex from the neck to the brain that merges together to supply blood to the posterior part of the circle of Willis and thus significant portions of the brain.
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| Basilar Artery (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| Cerebral Cortex (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| Interventricular Foramina - (Foramina of Monro) (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| show | A structure in the ventricles of the brain where CSF is produced. It consists of modified ependymal cells.
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| Cisterna Magna (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| Infundibulum - (Pituitary Stalk, "Little Bridge") (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| show | Believed to be involved in consciousness and diverse functions linked to emotion or regulation homeostasis including: perception, motor control, self-awareness, cognitive, and experience. In relation to these it is involved in psychopathology.
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| Diencephalon - (Interbrain) (Function) | show 🗑
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| show | A set of connected nuclei in the brain responsible for regulating arousal and sleep-wake transitions. As its name implies, its most influential component is the Reticular formation.
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| Holes or Foramina: Right and Left Interventricular Foramina (Monro) (Location for CSF) | show 🗑
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| show | From third ventricle to fourth ventricle.
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| Holes or Foramina: Median Aperture (Magendie) (Location for CSF) | show 🗑
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| Holes or Foramina: Right and Left Lateral Aperture (Luschka) (Location for CSF) | show 🗑
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| show | Classified as part of the telencephalon and are the largest of the ventricles.
These connect to the central third ventricle through the interventricular foramen of Monro.
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| Third Ventricle (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| Fourth Ventricle (Location & CSF) | show 🗑
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| Flow of Cerebrospinal Fluid | show 🗑
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| Spinal Nerves: Mid Back T1 - T12 | show 🗑
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| show | Large intestines, appendix, abdomen, bladder, reproductive organs, lower back, lower extremities, ankles, feet, and more.
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| Spinal Nerves: Sacrum and Coccyx Basebone or Tailbone | show 🗑
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| show | Head, face, upper neck, inner & middle ear, sympathetic nerve system, sinuses, eyes, auditory nerves and more.
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| show | Neck, shoulders, thyroid, tonsils, teeth, outer ear, nose, mouth, vocal cords, and more.
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| Impairment to the Brain - Pre-Central Gyrus: | show 🗑
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| show | Broca's dysphasia, motor or expressive.
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| Impairment to the Brain - Supplementary Motor Area: | show 🗑
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| show | Damage is often bilateral. Personality change, antisocial behavior, loss of inhibitions.
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| Impairment to the Brain - Para-Central Lobes: | show 🗑
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| show | Posture, touch, passive mvt, auditory and visual comprehension, body image, awareness, ability to construct shapes (visual), numbers, lower visual fields.
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| show | Cortical deafness, auditory hallucinations may occur, memory/learning disturbance, possible complex partial szs, deja/jamais vu, olfactory hallucination, aggression, antisocial, no new memories, or upper quadrantanopia (a type of blindness).
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| show | Cortical blindness (can see light - light fibers terminate in midbrain), inability to direct gaze voluntarily, visual agnosia (loss of visual recognition)
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| Fornix - (Latin, "vault" or "arch") (Function) | show 🗑
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| Foramen of Monro (AKA) | show 🗑
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| show | Cerebral Aqueduct
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| Where is the Choroid Plexus located? | show 🗑
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| show | Anterior: Carotid -> Cranial Cavity bilaterally & divides to Anterior & Middle Cerebral -> united by Anterior Communicating. Poster: Basilar formed by L&R Vertebral -> L&R Posterior Cerebral -> joins Internal Carotid & enters via Posterior Communicating.
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