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Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| show | Regions of the cerebral cortex involved in the planning, control, and execution of voluntary movements. Located between the frontal and parietal lobes.
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| show | The outermost of the three layers of the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
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| Arachnoid Mater | show 🗑
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| show | Delicate innermost layer of the meninges, the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The word finds its roots in Latin, meaning literally "tender mother." It is impermeable to fluid and protects and cushions the brain.
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| Subarachnoid Cavity - (Subarachnoid Space) | show 🗑
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| show | A depression in the surface of the brain. It surrounds the gyri, creating the characteristic appearance of the brain in humans and other large mammals.
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| show | A group of nuclei of varied origin at the base of the forebrain that act as a cohesive functional unit. Organizes and coordinates movement that does not require processing. Takes over after the conscious part of learning is complete (dancing, etc.)
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| Amygdala (Corpus Amygdaloideum) (Function) | show 🗑
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| show | A set of brain structures (thalmus, hippocampus, amygdalae, cingulate gyrus, hypothalmus, fornix, BG, olfactory, septum), that supports emotion, behavior, motivation, long-term memory, and olfaction.
All emotional experience comes from here.
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| Hippocampus (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| show | The upper portion of the brain stem. It is associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep/wake, arousal (alertness), and temperature regulation.
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| Pons (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| show | Lower portion of brainstem; extension of the spinal cord. Cardiac, respiratory, vomiting, vasomotor centers, autonomic, involuntary functions of breathing, HR and BP. Without this, heart and lung activity would cease. Usually snaps in hanging suicide.
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| show | A station for nerve impulses from PNS to the cerebral cortex (and other centers of the brain) relaying sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex, along with the regulation of consciousness, sleep, and alertness. Surrounds the third ventricle.
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| show | Belongs to Limbic system. Receives inputs from thalamus, projects to cortex. Involved in emotion formation and pain. May directly drive conscious response to unpleasant experiences, involved in fear, prediction (and avoidance) of negative consequences.
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| Hypothalamus (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| show | Endocrine gland the size of a pea. Not part of the brain but a protrusion off the bottom of the hypothalamus at the base and rests in a small, bony cavity (sella turcica) covered by a dural fold (diaphragma sellae). Secretes nine hormones for homeostasis.
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| show | Small endocrine gland in the brain. Shaped like a tiny pine cone and is b/t the two hemispheres, tucked in a groove near the center of the brain. Makes serotonin derivative melatonin, a hormone that modulates wake/sleep patterns and seasonal functions.
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| Temporal Lobe (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| Parietal Lobe (Function) | show 🗑
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| Occipital Lobe (Function) | show 🗑
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| Frontal Lobe (Function & Near Structure Locations) | show 🗑
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| Cerebrum - (Telencephalon) | show 🗑
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| Cerebellum (Function) ("Little Brain") | show 🗑
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| show | Linked to speech and language production. It is (usually) in the left (dominant) hemisphere between the frontal and temporal lobe.
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| show | Speech, specifically understanding of written and spoken language. The posterior section of the superior temporal gyrus in the dominant cerebral hemisphere (which is the left hemisphere in about 97% of people).
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| show | Large depressions that divide the brain into lobes. The large furrow that divides the two hemispheres is very rarely called this though.
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| Carotid Artery (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| Vertebral Artery (Location) | show 🗑
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| show | A complex from the neck to the brain that merges together to supply blood to the posterior part of the circle of Willis and thus significant portions of the brain.
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| Basilar Artery (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| Cerebral Cortex (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| Interventricular Foramina - (Foramina of Monro) (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| show | A structure in the ventricles of the brain where CSF is produced. It consists of modified ependymal cells.
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| show | One of three principal openings in the subarachnoid space between the arachnoid and pia mater layers surrounding the brain. Located between the cerebellum and the dorsal surface of the medulla oblongata.
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| Infundibulum - (Pituitary Stalk, "Little Bridge") (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| show | Believed to be involved in consciousness and diverse functions linked to emotion or regulation homeostasis including: perception, motor control, self-awareness, cognitive, and experience. In relation to these it is involved in psychopathology.
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| Diencephalon - (Interbrain) (Function) | show 🗑
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| Reticular Activating System (RAS) (Function) | show 🗑
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| Holes or Foramina: Right and Left Interventricular Foramina (Monro) (Location for CSF) | show 🗑
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| show | From third ventricle to fourth ventricle.
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| show | From fourth ventricle to subarachnoid space/cisterna magna.
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| Holes or Foramina: Right and Left Lateral Aperture (Luschka) (Location for CSF) | show 🗑
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| Lateral Ventricles (Function & CSF) | show 🗑
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| Third Ventricle (Function & Location) | show 🗑
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| show | Located within the pons or in the upper part of the medulla. CSF entering this ventricle through the cerebral aqueduct can exit to the subarachnoid space of the spinal cord through two lateral foramina of Luschka and a single, midline foramen of Magendie.
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| Flow of Cerebrospinal Fluid | show 🗑
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| Spinal Nerves: Mid Back T1 - T12 | show 🗑
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| Spinal Nerves: Lumbar Spine Lower Back L1 - L5 | show 🗑
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| Spinal Nerves: Sacrum and Coccyx Basebone or Tailbone | show 🗑
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| Spinal Nerves: Upper Cervical Spine Upper Neck C1 - C2 | show 🗑
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| show | Neck, shoulders, thyroid, tonsils, teeth, outer ear, nose, mouth, vocal cords, and more.
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| show | Mono or Hemiplegia, depending on extent of damage.
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| Impairment to the Brain - Broca's Area (Inferior part of dominant frontal lobe) - | show 🗑
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| Impairment to the Brain - Supplementary Motor Area: | show 🗑
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| Impairment to the Brain - Pre-Frontal Areas: | show 🗑
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| show | Incontinence, loss of cortical initiation.
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| Impairment to the Brain - Parietal Lobe: | show 🗑
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| show | Cortical deafness, auditory hallucinations may occur, memory/learning disturbance, possible complex partial szs, deja/jamais vu, olfactory hallucination, aggression, antisocial, no new memories, or upper quadrantanopia (a type of blindness).
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| Impairment to the Brain - Occipital Lobe: | show 🗑
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| Fornix - (Latin, "vault" or "arch") (Function) | show 🗑
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| show | Interventricular Foramina
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| show | Cerebral Aqueduct
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| show | Lateral Ventricles
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| show | Anterior: Carotid -> Cranial Cavity bilaterally & divides to Anterior & Middle Cerebral -> united by Anterior Communicating. Poster: Basilar formed by L&R Vertebral -> L&R Posterior Cerebral -> joins Internal Carotid & enters via Posterior Communicating.
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kmburg5840
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