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animal tech 4 review for test 1

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
show dehydrated, during surgery, blood loss, shock,has a dz resulting in a animals depletion of normal fluid,electrolyte, and acid-base balance  
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The total volume of fluid required to treat an animal can be approximated by   show
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show 1 pint or 480 mls  
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The body is made up of what % of water   show
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show intracellular fluids and extracellular fluids  
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what are intracellular fluids and how much of body water do they account for   show
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what are extracellular fluids and how much of body water do they account for   show
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What are the two types of extracellular fluids   show
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vascular space is what   show
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what is interstitial space   show
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show movement of solutes from high solute concentration to an area of low solute concentration to have equilization  
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Is diffusion passive process or active process   show
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show movement of solutes from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration  
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Is active transport passive or active process   show
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What is osmosis   show
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show passive process  
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What is the difference between hydrostatic and osmotic pressure   show
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show oncotic pull  
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show colloids are large molecular weight particles present in a solution. proteins in the plasma contribute to the colloid osmotic pressure. more protein in the plasma holds the fluid in the vessels  
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What is the most important organ for fluid balance   show
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show conserve or excrete fluid  
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if the kidneys are conserving fluid what will the urine be   show
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show dilute  
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what are th purpose of the hormones for the body to maintain fluid balance   show
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Which of the following is used to monitor fluid therapy a) appetite b) bowel movements c)temperature d) urine output   show
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What part of the eye can be used to indicate fluid overload?   show
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What is hyponatremia   show
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show increase of sodium in the blood  
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show increase in potassium in the blood  
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What is hypocalcemia   show
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what is hypercalcemia   show
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show V/D, or increase urine outputs  
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WHat causes hyperkalemia   show
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show renal failure, vomiting, diarrhea, congestive heart failure, addisons dz, or fluid overload  
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show no , but can be caused by inadvertant over-feeding of salt  
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What is eclampsia   show
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show parathyroid  
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How do electrolytes help regulate the acid-base balance in the body   show
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An electrolyte that releases a hydrogen ion in water is called   show
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When an elctrolyte binds a hydrogen ion in water is called a   show
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Arterial blood pH less that 7.35 is called what   show
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show Alkalemia  
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postive ions are called   show
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negative ions are called   show
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What are the primary ions in the body   show
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What electrolyte imbalance is most likely to be found in a cat with total urethral obstruction. A) Hyperkalemia B)Hypokalemia C) Hyponatremia D) Hypercalcemia   show
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show Chemical buffers, respiratory system and renal system  
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What is the response of chemical buffers   show
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OF chemical buffers, respiratory systme , or renal system which one is the longest out of the three   show
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What is metabolic acidosis   show
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what is metabolic alkalosis   show
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What is respiratory acidosis   show
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show decrease the co2 in blood, hyperventalation-decrease co2 in the lungs  
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show maintenance, replace deficits, and replace ongoing losses  
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WHat are sensible losses   show
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what are insensible losses   show
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How much water does it take to maintain the body's functions   show
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show high environmental temperature, physical activity, fever, hemmorhage, polyuria,diarrhea,vomiting, and hyperventilation  
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Normal CRT is what   show
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show 60-120 beats/min  
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show 100-200 beats/min  
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show femoral  
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show CRT, HR, Weight, & BP  
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show no clinical signs  
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show mild dehydration  
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show SKIN= slightly doughy, inelastic consistency  
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If an animal is moderate dehydrated what percent is it   show
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show SKIN=inelastic, EYES= duller than normal and slightly sunken into orbit, MM= tacky to dry  
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show Severe dehydration  
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show SKIN= no elasticity, EYES=dry,deeply sunken, MM=dry,cyanotic, and possibly cold, CRT= prolonged or absent, HR=increased, PULSE=weak  
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show SHOCK, and death is imminent  
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show 37-55%  
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show 24-45%  
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show The higher the degree of dehydration  
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show 5.4-7.6 g/dl  
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WHat is the normal total protein for a cat   show
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show THe higher degree of dehydration  
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What is the normal SG for a dog   show
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show 1.030 (1.001-1.080)  
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Specific gravity only reflects dehydration if what organs are healthy   show
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show 1-2 mls/kg/hr  
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IN general how long are sub q fluids absorbed   show
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Which type of fluids are admininstered Sub Q   show
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show 7%  
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WHat is the basic reydration formula   show
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show 24 hours or longer  
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show cerebral edema, pulmonary contusions, conjestive heart failure  
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What is the drip rate formula   show
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show macro drip sets which administer 1ml of fluid in 10,15, or 20 drops  
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show they administer 1 ml of fluid in 60 tiny drops  
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show anything under 10kg  
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