animal tech 4 review for test 1
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show | dehydrated, during surgery, blood loss, shock,has a dz resulting in a animals depletion of normal fluid,electrolyte, and acid-base balance
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The total volume of fluid required to treat an animal can be approximated by | show 🗑
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show | 1 pint or 480 mls
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The body is made up of what % of water | show 🗑
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show | intracellular fluids and extracellular fluids
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what are intracellular fluids and how much of body water do they account for | show 🗑
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what are extracellular fluids and how much of body water do they account for | show 🗑
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What are the two types of extracellular fluids | show 🗑
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vascular space is what | show 🗑
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what is interstitial space | show 🗑
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show | movement of solutes from high solute concentration to an area of low solute concentration to have equilization
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Is diffusion passive process or active process | show 🗑
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show | movement of solutes from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration
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Is active transport passive or active process | show 🗑
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What is osmosis | show 🗑
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show | passive process
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What is the difference between hydrostatic and osmotic pressure | show 🗑
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show | oncotic pull
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show | colloids are large molecular weight particles present in a solution. proteins in the plasma contribute to the colloid osmotic pressure. more protein in the plasma holds the fluid in the vessels
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What is the most important organ for fluid balance | show 🗑
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show | conserve or excrete fluid
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if the kidneys are conserving fluid what will the urine be | show 🗑
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show | dilute
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what are th purpose of the hormones for the body to maintain fluid balance | show 🗑
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Which of the following is used to monitor fluid therapy a) appetite b) bowel movements c)temperature d) urine output | show 🗑
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What part of the eye can be used to indicate fluid overload? | show 🗑
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What is hyponatremia | show 🗑
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show | increase of sodium in the blood
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show | increase in potassium in the blood
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What is hypocalcemia | show 🗑
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what is hypercalcemia | show 🗑
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show | V/D, or increase urine outputs
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WHat causes hyperkalemia | show 🗑
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show | renal failure, vomiting, diarrhea, congestive heart failure, addisons dz, or fluid overload
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show | no , but can be caused by inadvertant over-feeding of salt
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What is eclampsia | show 🗑
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show | parathyroid
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How do electrolytes help regulate the acid-base balance in the body | show 🗑
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An electrolyte that releases a hydrogen ion in water is called | show 🗑
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When an elctrolyte binds a hydrogen ion in water is called a | show 🗑
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Arterial blood pH less that 7.35 is called what | show 🗑
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show | Alkalemia
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postive ions are called | show 🗑
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negative ions are called | show 🗑
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What are the primary ions in the body | show 🗑
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What electrolyte imbalance is most likely to be found in a cat with total urethral obstruction. A) Hyperkalemia B)Hypokalemia C) Hyponatremia D) Hypercalcemia | show 🗑
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show | Chemical buffers, respiratory system and renal system
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What is the response of chemical buffers | show 🗑
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OF chemical buffers, respiratory systme , or renal system which one is the longest out of the three | show 🗑
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What is metabolic acidosis | show 🗑
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what is metabolic alkalosis | show 🗑
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What is respiratory acidosis | show 🗑
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show | decrease the co2 in blood, hyperventalation-decrease co2 in the lungs
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show | maintenance, replace deficits, and replace ongoing losses
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WHat are sensible losses | show 🗑
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what are insensible losses | show 🗑
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How much water does it take to maintain the body's functions | show 🗑
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show | high environmental temperature, physical activity, fever, hemmorhage, polyuria,diarrhea,vomiting, and hyperventilation
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Normal CRT is what | show 🗑
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show | 60-120 beats/min
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show | 100-200 beats/min
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show | femoral
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show | CRT, HR, Weight, & BP
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show | no clinical signs
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show | mild dehydration
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show | SKIN= slightly doughy, inelastic consistency
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If an animal is moderate dehydrated what percent is it | show 🗑
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show | SKIN=inelastic, EYES= duller than normal and slightly sunken into orbit, MM= tacky to dry
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show | Severe dehydration
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show | SKIN= no elasticity, EYES=dry,deeply sunken, MM=dry,cyanotic, and possibly cold, CRT= prolonged or absent, HR=increased, PULSE=weak
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show | SHOCK, and death is imminent
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show | 37-55%
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show | 24-45%
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show | The higher the degree of dehydration
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show | 5.4-7.6 g/dl
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WHat is the normal total protein for a cat | show 🗑
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show | THe higher degree of dehydration
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What is the normal SG for a dog | show 🗑
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show | 1.030 (1.001-1.080)
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Specific gravity only reflects dehydration if what organs are healthy | show 🗑
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show | 1-2 mls/kg/hr
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IN general how long are sub q fluids absorbed | show 🗑
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Which type of fluids are admininstered Sub Q | show 🗑
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show | 7%
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WHat is the basic reydration formula | show 🗑
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show | 24 hours or longer
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show | cerebral edema, pulmonary contusions, conjestive heart failure
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What is the drip rate formula | show 🗑
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show | macro drip sets which administer 1ml of fluid in 10,15, or 20 drops
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show | they administer 1 ml of fluid in 60 tiny drops
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show | anything under 10kg
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