chapter 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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nutrition | show 🗑
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show | Substances in foods that provide energy and structure and help regulate body processes.
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A food that has been specially treated or changed
from its natural state either at home or in a processing plant.
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show | A nutrient that must be provided in the diet
because the body either cannot make it or cannot make it in suffi- cient quantities to satisfy its needs.
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fortified food | show 🗑
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show | Grain products to which specific amounts of thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and iron have been added. Since 1998 folic acid has also been added to enriched grains
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show | A product intended for ingestion in the diet that contains one or more of the following: vitamins, minerals, plant-derived substances, amino acids, and concentrates or extracts.
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show | A substance found in plant foods (phyto- means plant) that is not an essential nutrient but may have health-promoting properties.
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zoochemical | show 🗑
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show | A nutri- ent that can be metabolized to provide energy in the body.
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macronutrient | show 🗑
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show | A nutrient needed by the body in small amounts. These include vitamins and minerals.
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show | A molecule that contains carbon bonded to hydrogen. made from living organisms and can be destroyed.
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show | A molecule that contains no carbon-hydrogen bonds.
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kilocalorie (kcalorie, kcal) | show 🗑
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show | A unit of work that can be used to express energy intake and energy output. It is the amount of work required to move an object weighing 1 kg a distance of 1 m under the force of gravity (1 kjoule = 0.24 kcalorie).
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show | A physiological state in which a stable internal body environment is maintained.
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metabolism | show 🗑
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malnutrition | show 🗑
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undernutrition | show 🗑
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overnutrition | show 🗑
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show | Units of a larger molecule called DNA that are responsible
for inherited traits.
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nutritional genomics or nutrigenomics | show 🗑
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nutrient density | show 🗑
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scientific method | show 🗑
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hypothesis | show 🗑
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show | An explanation based on scientific study and reasoning.
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epidemiology | show 🗑
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correlation | show 🗑
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case-control study | show 🗑
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show | A study of a population in which there is an experimental manipulation of some members of the population; observations and measurements are made to determine the effects of this manipulation.
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experimental group | show 🗑
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show | In a scientific exper- iment, the group of participants used as a basis of comparison. They are similar to the participants in the experimental group but do not receive the treatment being tested.
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A study that feeds a diet devoid of a nutrient until signs of defi- ciency appear and then adds the nutrient back to the diet to a level at which symptoms disappear.
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balance study | show 🗑
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variable | show 🗑
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placebo | show 🗑
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single-blind study | show 🗑
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double-blind study | show 🗑
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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