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chapter 1

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
nutrition   show
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show Substances in foods that provide energy and structure and help regulate body processes.  
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show A food that has been specially treated or changed from its natural state either at home or in a processing plant.  
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show A nutrient that must be provided in the diet because the body either cannot make it or cannot make it in suffi- cient quantities to satisfy its needs.  
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fortified food   show
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show Grain products to which specific amounts of thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and iron have been added. Since 1998 folic acid has also been added to enriched grains  
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show A product intended for ingestion in the diet that contains one or more of the following: vitamins, minerals, plant-derived substances, amino acids, and concentrates or extracts.  
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show A substance found in plant foods (phyto- means plant) that is not an essential nutrient but may have health-promoting properties.  
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zoochemical   show
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show A nutri- ent that can be metabolized to provide energy in the body.  
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macronutrient   show
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show A nutrient needed by the body in small amounts. These include vitamins and minerals.  
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show A molecule that contains carbon bonded to hydrogen. made from living organisms and can be destroyed.  
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show A molecule that contains no carbon-hydrogen bonds.  
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kilocalorie (kcalorie, kcal)   show
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show A unit of work that can be used to express energy intake and energy output. It is the amount of work required to move an object weighing 1 kg a distance of 1 m under the force of gravity (1 kjoule = 0.24 kcalorie).  
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show A physiological state in which a stable internal body environment is maintained.  
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metabolism   show
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malnutrition   show
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undernutrition   show
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overnutrition   show
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show Units of a larger molecule called DNA that are responsible for inherited traits.  
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nutritional genomics or nutrigenomics   show
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nutrient density   show
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scientific method   show
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hypothesis   show
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show An explanation based on scientific study and reasoning.  
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epidemiology   show
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correlation   show
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case-control study   show
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show A study of a population in which there is an experimental manipulation of some members of the population; observations and measurements are made to determine the effects of this manipulation.  
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experimental group   show
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show In a scientific exper- iment, the group of participants used as a basis of comparison. They are similar to the participants in the experimental group but do not receive the treatment being tested.  
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show A study that feeds a diet devoid of a nutrient until signs of defi- ciency appear and then adds the nutrient back to the diet to a level at which symptoms disappear.  
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balance study   show
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variable   show
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placebo   show
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single-blind study   show
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double-blind study   show
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Created by: aleicia_12
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