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LPT Gastrointestinal
Gastrointestinal System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| drug that neutralizes hydrochloric acid in the stomach | antacid |
| slows intestinal motility and slows production of stomach acid | anticholinergic |
| slows intestinal motility helping to produce formed stools | antidiarrheal |
| prevents or relieves nausea and vomiting | antiemetic |
| What can form in the kidneys and damage them if you are taking Septra and don't have enough fluid intake? | crystals |
| flexible tube used to view inside the body | Endoscope |
| What color is normal urine? | pale yellow, straw colored |
| What are the five steps in the GI process? | breaking up food, transporting food, secreting digestive enzymes, absorbing nutrients, excreting solid waste products |
| Eructation | burping |
| Where is bile produced? | Liver |
| What is food mixed with gastric juices called? | chyme |
| What drug class causes vomiting? | Emetic |
| Medical term for vomiting? | emesis |
| First portion of the small intestine? | duodenum |
| Where is bile stored? | gall bladder |
| What leads from the mouth to the stomach? | esophagus |
| What two things does an astringent do to swollen tissues? | shrinks, dries |
| What is the liver disease characterized by degeneration and destruction of liver cells? | cirrhosis |
| Another name for the large intestine | colon |
| What organ secretes digestive enzymes that empty into the duodenum? | pancreas |
| If you were constipated what class of medication might you take? | Laxative |
| What is the bodily fluid that helps begin to breakdown certain sugars? | saliva |
| Class of drug that relieves gassiness and bloating. | antiflatulent |
| Digestive juice produced by liver and stored in gall bladder. | bile |
| Distal or far end of the large intestine. | rectum |
| What is dyspepsia? | indigestion |
| Inflammation of the liver. | hepatitis |
| Gas in the stomach and intestines | flatulence |
| Solid waste from food digestion. | feces |
| Chronic nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease affecting ileum, jejumum and colon. | Chrohn's disease |
| Greasy foods and coffee cause this in some people. | diarrhea |
| As you swallow, what closes to prevent food from entering the lungs? | epiglottis |
| What type of movement helps to push food down into the stomach? | peristalsis |
| What nervous system controls function of the digestive system? | Autonomic |
| What organ of the body stores nutrients, removes waste products, produces clotting substances and helps with the immune system? | liver |
| About how long is the small intestine? | 20 feet |
| The part of the small intestine closest to the stomach is the what? | duodenum |
| What are the tiny fingerlike projections that line the small intestine? | villi |
| What is one of the main functions of the small intestines? | absorb nutrients |
| An open sore in the lining of the stomach is called an __________. | ulcer |
| Disease of the colon and rectum characterized by inflammation and ulceration. | ulcerative colitis |
| Surgically produced opening in the abdomen. | stoma |
| The three section of the small intestine are: | duodenum, jejunum, ileum |
| Medical term referring to digestion in the stomach. | peptic |
| A substance that assists in digestion or chemical change. | enzyme |
| If intestinal motility is too fast what type of stool might you have? | diarrhea |
| True or false, intestinal motility is influenced by emotions, the nervous system and the presence of infection. | True |
| Medications for the gastrointestinal system are always given with food, true or false? | False |
| What is reversal of peristalsis? | emesis |
| Does the large intestine absorb mostly nutrients or water? | water |
| Large swollen, itching veins around an anal opening that sometimes result from straining are called. | hemorrhoids |
| Stool that contains blood from the digestive system may appear to be what? | black and tarry |
| Emesis containing blood may appear to look somewhat like what. | coffee grounds |
| An abdominal infection that causes serious inflammation and requires emergency surgery is: | peritonitis |
| About how many quarts will the stomach expand to hold? | 2 |
| On the average, how many hours is food held in the stomach? | 3 |
| What is another name for the large intestine? | colon |
| About how many feet long is the colon? | 5 |
| What is another term for heartburn? | hyperacidity |
| This condition may be caused by slow movement of the intestine, lack of fiber and fluids, psychological factors, lack of physical activity, or hardened feces. | constipation |
| What class of medications would be used for a constipated person? | laxitives |
| Loose stools caused by intestistinal infection, stress, food allergies or intolerance, medications and certain diseases is called: | diarrhea |
| True or false: Tooth and gum diseases such as gingivitis and trench mouth as well as tooth decay can lead to GI problems. | True |
| Inflammation of the stomach that can be caused by irritants is called: | gastritis |
| What is the bacteria that could cause an ulcer? | Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) |
| What class of drugs neutralize hydrochloric acid in the stomach? | Antacids |
| What class of drugs inhibit gastric acid secretion? | Histamine 2 receptor antagonists |
| What is the name of a group of symptons characterized by intermittent abdominal pain, changes in bowel patterns that seems to be related to food intolerance or or psychological factors | Irritable Bowel Syndrome |
| Condition where pouches develop and can become inflammed in the large intestine. | diverticulosis |
| Laxatives that stimulate peristalsis are classified as what type of laxatives? | stimulent |
| Laxatives that increase the bulk of the stool are classified as what type of laxative? | bulk |
| Laxatives that incorporate liquid in the bowel into the stool are want type of laxitive? | stool softener |
| Classification of drug given for intestinal parasites are what? | antihelmintics |
| Appetitite suppressants are classified as what type of drug? | anorexiants |
| True or False: Timing of many GI drugs is important and some drugs must be given before during or after mealtimes or they will not be useful. | True |
| What class of drug is simethicone (Mylicon)? | antiflatulent |
| What class of drug is dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)? | antiemetic |
| What class of drug is dicyclomine (Bentyl)? | antispasmotic |
| What class of drug is Lomotil? | antidiarrheal |
| What class of drug is biscodyl (Dulcolax)? | laxative |
| What class of drug is docusate sodium (Colace)? | laxative |
| What class of drug is ranitidine (Zantac)? | antiulcer |
| What class of drug are Previcid, Nexium, Protonix and Prilosec (given for ulcers)? | Proton Pump Inhibiters |
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