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NHA

TermDefinition
Aorta The main trunk of the systemic arteries
Antecubital Fossa The triangular cavity on the anterior section of the arm opposite the elbow
Aseptic Free from pathogenic organism
Autoclave An instrument that sterilizes equipment and supplies high pressure saturated steam
Axillary The area on the human body under the joint that connects the arm to the shoulder
Brachial Artery The major artery of the upper arm
Acromial Process The outermost point of the spine of the shoulder blade
Bradycardia A slow heart rate
Biohazard Bag A container designed to collect biological waste or product that has been contaminated with biological waste
Bronchodilators A substance that dilates the bronchi in the lungs decreasing resistance in the respiratory airways
Celsius A scale for measuring temperature named for Anders Celsius
Cerumen A yellow waxy substance secreted by the ear canal
Cidex A disinfectant and sterilization product of alkaline glutaraldehyde
Conjunctiva A clear mucous membrane that covers the inner surface of the eyelid and white part of the eyeball
Cyanotic Appearance of blue or purple skin
Diastolic/Diastole The period of time when the heart fills with blood after contraction
Deltoid The muscle forming the rounded contour of the shoulder, shaped almost like a letter D
EKG Electrocardiography, a test that records the electrical activity of the heart
Fahrenheit The temperature scale proposed in 1724 by Daniel Gariel Fahrenheit
Hemorrhoids External or internal swollen veins in the anal canal
Holter Monitor A device that measures a patient's cardiac activity over a period of time
Hypertension High blood pressure
Hypertensive Crisis A severe increase in blood pressure which could result in stroke
Inner Canthus The corner of the eye where the upper and lower eyelids meet
Intradermal Injection An injection within or between the layers of skin
Intramuscular Injection An injection of a substance directly into the muscle
Nebulizer A device that administers medication in a mist form
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Otoscope A device used to look into the ears
Palpate To examine by touch
Parenteral Medication Any medication that is administered in a route other than injection
Pediatrics Branch of medicine dealing with the care of infants, children and adolescents
Prehypertension A state of having a high normal blood pressure with the potential for developing high blood pressure
Pulmonary Artery Artery that carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
Respirations The vital sign assessment of observing the number of times the chest rises in 1 minute
Sharps Container A puncture-proof container designed specifically to safely dispose of needles, scalpels, and other sharp disposable medical instruments
Sims' Position Patient lies on the left side with the right knee sharply bent and resting on the exam table
Snellen Chart A chart used to determine visual acuity
Sphygmomanometer A device for performing blood pressure; includes the blood pressure cuff
Spirometer A device that measures the volume of air inhaled and exhaled from the lungs
Stethoscope A device for listening to the internal sounds of the body
Subcutaneous Injection An injection of solution below the skin, into the subcutaneous tissue
Supine Position Patient lies on his or her back
Suture A stitch used to hold skin together
Systolic/Systole The contraction of the heart
Tachycardia An abnormally fast heart rate
Temporal Artery A major artery of the head, under the skin of the forehead
Topical Applied to the surface of the skin
Transdermal Patch An adhesive patch, placed on the skin to administer a specific dose of medication through the skin and into the bloodstream
Tympanic Membrane A thin membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear; also known as the eardrum
Ventricles The two large chambers that collect blood from the atria and expel blood to the entire body or to the lungs
Venipuncture Drawing blood from the vein
Vital Signs Measurements observed; measured and monitored to check a patient's level of physical function
Which of the following is the proper position for a patient who is to receive a rectal temperature measurement? Sims'
A patient has been diagnosed with COPD. Upon observation, her skin shows signs of being cyanotic and is cold to the touch. Which of the vital signs would be expected to be out of range? Respirations
Which artery is routinely used in performing a manual blood pressure? Brachial
Which is the appropriate angle when administering a subcutaneous injection? 45 degree
Which is the substance that is removed when performing ear irrigation? Cerumen
Which is the appropriate part of the eye at which to aim the solution when beginning to perform an eye irrigation? Inner canthus
A patient measures 5 feet, 8 inches. What is her height in centimeters? (rounded) 173 inches
Which reading would be a normal adult temperature? 37 degrees Celsius
Which blood pressure reading indicates that a patient is in hypertensive crisis? Systole of 190
Which is the correct device to perform a Pulmonary Function Test? Spirometer
Caregiver Person delegated to provide care for a partially dependent person
Community Services A service or activity performed by a group of people for the benefit of the public; may be a non-profit organization
Electronic Communication Methods of communication via digital methods such as fax, email, voicemail, or by computer
Electronic Health Record Systematic collection of a patient's health care and treatment in a digital format
Electronic Medical Record Systematic collection of a patient's health care and treatment in a digital format in the physician's office or medical facility
EMS Emergency Medical Service; organization that provides acute medical care out of the hospital and may provide transport to patients in medical crisis
Dementia A loss of brain function-often memory- that occurs with some diseases
Fax Facsimile, the machine or the method by which a scanned printed material is transported via telephone transmission
Form Letter A document with information that can be tailored to individual needs
Geriatric Relating to elderly patients, determined by age and patient's profile
HIPAA Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act; a law that governs the sharing or disclosure of patient information
Office Manager Person responsible for day-to-day operation of a company
Pediatric Relating to patients from birth to the age of maturity, usually 18 years of age
Practice Management Software Software that stores patient information for use in billing, scheduling, patient calls, and registration
Prefix The first part of a word, before the root, that may alter the root
Root The central part of a word that may refer to a part of the body or system
Suffix The end part of the word that alters the meaning of the root
Subordinate A person under authority of another person in an organization
Supervisor Person that is in charge of a particular department or facility
A physician's signature is required on which letter? To a medical community committee member
In which situation is it appropriate for a physician to discuss a patient's information via email? Consulting with another physician
HIPAA permits faxes in which situations Forwarding care instructions to a nursing home
During directions to fast before lung cancer surgery, a patient stares straight ahead and doesn't respond. Which statement would be appropriate to make to the patient? Will you repeat to me when you should fast?
A patient who does not speak English has four family members in the room, all attempting to speak at once to the medical assistant. Which is the appropriate action? Ask for one family member to translate
What term appropriately describes that a patient's heartbeat is rapid? Tachycardia
Which of the following is the medical term for heart muscle disease? Cardiomyopathy
Which statement would help verify that a patient understands instructions for a urinalysis for a pregnancy test? I will collect the sample first thing in the morning
Which of the following suffixes means "removal of"? -ectomy
What is the appropriate term to inform the nurse that the patient is having difficulty breathing? Dyspnea
Advance Booking Scheduling appointments for patients on a future date
CEU Continuing education unit
Cluster Scheduling Grouping appointments for patients with similar problems or procedures
CMS Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
Coding The use of numbers and letters to describe illnesses, diseases, and medical procedures
Conditioning The removal of metal items from paperwork to prepare for placing in medical records
Controlled Substances Medications or substances listed by schedule and controlled under the Controlled Substance Act according to the potential for addiction or medical use
Database The area of POMR charting that includes information such as the patient's chief complaint
DEA Drug Enforcement Agency. A federal law enforcement agency tasked with regulation of controlled substances
Durable Supplies Supplies that are expensive and not often replaced
Federal Register The official daily publication for rules, proposed rules, and notices of federal agencies and organizations
Filing Method by which medical records are kept to ensure ease in updating and finding of records
Global Periods Includes all services related to a procedure during a period of time depending on payor guidelines
Indexing Order in which paperwork is added to a medical record
Informed Consent A form of patient consent in which the patient has been told and understands the procedure that has been prescribed
Inpatient Someone who has been admitted to a hospital or other health care facility
Medicare Government-based health insurance for people over the age of 65 and others with certain disabilities
Non-Durable Supplies Supplies that are inexpensive, and often used and replaced
Objective In the SOAP format, the clinical assessment of a patient. Test results and information that can be observed by others
Open Office Scheduling A method of allowing patients to access medical care without making an appointment
Outpatient Patient who has received a procedure, treatment or test that does not require an overnight stay
Pathology The branch of medicine that treats the essential nature of disease as changes in structure and function
POMR Problem Oriented Medical Records that divide records into four sections-the database, problem, treatment, and progress
Privacy Rule A national standard to protect a patient's medical record and health information
Radiology Medical specialty that uses imaging to diagnose and treat diseases
Releasing The marking of a document to indicate that the record is ready for filing
Security Rule A national standard that requires health care professionals to take specific technical precautions to ensure the patient information stored or transmitted in an electronic format remains confidential, accessible, and of high quality
SOAP Charting format that uses subjective, objective, assessment, and planning to organize the information
Sorting Method of preparing medical records for filing by putting into order
Subjective In the SOAP format, any information stated or perceived by the patient; will include patient's chief complaint
Tabular List Volume 1 of the ICD-9-CM containing disease information
Wave Scheduling A method of scheduling patients in which multiple patients are scheduled at one same time and seen in order they arrive at the office
Which of the following would be charted in the "objective" section when using the SOAP method? A patient's blood pressure
Using the wave scheduling method, which of the following would be the priority patient to be seen? The patient who arrives first
A patient's blood panel results have been sent to a medical facility. If the medical record is organized by section, how should the new results be placed? Above the previous blood test results
What information is required for a pediatric patient that is not required of an adult patient? The name of the patient's parent
A 22 year old cancer patient has refused chemotherapy. Which of the following is an appropriate statement by the medical assistant? Will you explain to me what concerns you about this treatment?
Who must discuss the informed consent form with a patient prior to the patient signing? The patient's physician
What is the initial information required prior to scheduling an inpatient procedure for a patient? The patient's physician's order
A visiting physician enters a medical facility to meet with the physician attending a patient. What is the appropriate action? Inform the attending physician that there is a visiting physician
Which of the following statements would be appropriate when scheduling an outpatient procedure for a patient? Will you repeat the date of the procedure?
In which of the following situations would a patient be allowed to refuse treatment? A 13 year old who has miscarried
Biohazard A substance or object that may contain micro-organisms that can spread disease
CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; provides safety guidelines for medical offices and facilities
Chain of Custody A method of handling specimens that may be used in a legal setting
CLSI Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute; an organization that sets standards for laboratories
Disinfect To reduce or remove pathogens from surfaces
DNA Testing Identification by looking at the genetic material; includes tests that determine paternity of a pediatric patient
Domestic Abuse Physical, emotional, or verbal abuse performed by someone related to or living with a person
HBV Hepatitis B Virus
HCV Hepatitis C Virus
HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Influenza A virus commonly known as the flu
Immunizations Injections or medications that help an individual's immune system become fortified against disease
The Joint Commission (TJC) An organization that accredits health care organizations and programs
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Association; an organization that sets guidelines to ensure medical professional safety
PPE Personal Protection Equipment; items used to help prevent contamination from biohazardous materials
Sanitation The process of cleaning equipment and devices after use on a patient and before decontamination or sterilization
Sharps Container A leak-proof, puncture-proof container labeled with a biohazard symbol for the disposal of needles and other sharp medical instruments
Standard Precautions Originally called Universal Precautions when the CDC created the guidelines in the 1980s; guidelines to instruct health care providers to minimize the risk of disease transmission when giving care
When there is an electrical fire, which of the following fire extinguishers is the proper one to use? Class C
If blood splashes into the eye of a medical assistant, which of the following steps should be performed first? Flush with water
During a large fire, which of the following is a proper action to take? Crawl to an exit
For a patient undergoing surgery, which of the following does the patient have the right to know? How many procedures the surgeon has performed
A police officer opens a rape kit and hands it to a medical assistant, who presents it to two physicians performing the examination. What information should be on the chain of custody? Initials and time of the police officer, medical assistant and both physicians
For a venipuncture to be performed on a patient suspected of drunk driving, which of the following is the proper cleansing agent? Benzalkonium Chloride
Biohazard Anything that is a risk to organisms, such as ionizing radiation or harmful bacteria or viruses
Bloodborne Pathogens Pathogenic micro-organisms that are present in human blood and can cause death and disease in humans
Blood Culture A laboratory test used to check for bacteria or other micro-organisms in a blood sample
Catheter A hollow, flexible tube that can be inserted into a vessel or cavity of the body to withdraw fluids
Chain of Custody The chronological documentation, or paper trail, showing the seizure, custody, control, transfer, analysis, and disposition of specimens, which can be used as evidence
Chemical Reagent Strip Testing A method of urinalysis involving the use of plastic strips to which chemically specific reagent pads are affixed
Clean-Catch Midstream Specimen A method of urine collection that may be ordered to diagnose urinary tract infections or to evaluate the effectiveness of drug therapy
Dermal Puncture A procedure in which the finger or heel is lanced to obtain a small quantity of blood for testing; also called a capillary draw, finger stick, heel stick, or skin puncture
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) Used as an anticoagulant to keep blood specimens from clotting
Enteric Pertaining to the intestines
Galactosemia An inherited disorder in which the body is unable to use, or metabolize, the simple sugar galactose, causing the affected patient to be unable to tolerate any form of milk, as well as other foods containing galactose
Hematocrit The proportion of the blood that consists of packaged red blood cells, expressed as a percentage by volume; the hematocrit test measures the percentage of hematocrit in the blood
Occult Blood Blood that comes from a source that cannot be immediately determined, such as a peptic ulcer
Phenylketonuria (PKU) A metabolic genetic disorder characterized by a deficiency in the hepatic enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase; causes permanent intellectual disability, seizures, delayed development, behavioral problems, psychiatric disorders, a "mousy" body odor
Point of Care At or near the site of patient care
Quality Control A method of repeated assay of known standard materials and monitoring reaction parameters to ensure precision and accuracy
Random Specimen A single urine specimen taken at any time
Reagents Chemical substances known to react in specific ways; used to detect or synthesize other substances in chemical reactions
Reference Laboratory A laboratory that is outside a patient care facility; usually, it is able to perform many more types of testing than are available at the average hospital laboratory
Semen The thick, whitish secretion of the male reproduction organs discharged from the urethra during ejaculation
Sputum Material coughed up from the lungs and expectorated through he mouth
Stool Waste or excrement from the digestive tract that is formed in the intestine and expelled through the rectum; also called feces
Suprapubic Pertaining to a location above the symphysis pubis, which is the slightly movable interpubic joint of the pelvis, consisting of two pubic bones separated by a disk of fibrocartilage and connected by two ligaments
Timed Specimen Collected over a predetermined time period to obtain more specific information; such specimens are sometimes collected 2 hours after a meal to test for diabetes
Urine The fluid secreted by the kidneys, transported by the ureters, stored in the bladder, and voided through the urethra
Which of the following is the appropriate angle to hold the needle when performing a venipuncture? 20 degrees
What is a blood culture primarily used to check for? Bacteria
When state-required testing of an infant's capillary blood is done, which of the following must occur? The circles on the filter paper must be totally saturated
Fecal specimen collection is used to detect which of the following? Colorectal cancer
Which of the following types of urine collection is required for culture and sensitivity testing? Clean-catch midstream specimen
For which of the following tests should a first-voided morning urine specimen be collected? Pregnancy
Patients and medical assistants must be careful during the collection of sputum samples for a tuberculosis test for which of the following reasons? The collection containers have a poisonous preservative inside them
Tubes needed for culture and sensitivity tests may be kept at room temperature for up to how many hours? 72
Sealed or locked specimen transfer bags are used as a part of which of the following? Chain of custody
Which of the following is required for all specimens shipped to a reference laboratory? Watertight secondary containers
Bundle Branch Part of the conduction system responsible for triggering ventricular muscle contraction
Bundle of His Part of the conduction system responsible for conducting a stimulus to the septum and bundle branches
Cardiac Arrest The absence of cardiac activity
Coronary Arteries The arteries that supply oxygenated blood to the myocardium
Depolarization A loss of polarization resulting from a sudden influx of sodium ions into the cardiac muscle cells; results in contraction
Ectopic Originating in an area of the heart other than the sinoatrial node
Electrocardiograph (EKG) A graphic representation of the electrical activity of the heart
Electrode A specialized interface between the human body and an EKG machine
Endocardium The innermost layer of the heart
Epicardium The outermost layer of the heart
Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) The largest vein in the human body; returns de-oxygenated blood to the heart
Intercostal Between the ribs
Ischemia Insufficient oxygenation of tissue
Leads Flexible or solid insulated conductors connected to or leading out from an electrical device. These conductors are typically placed on the skin surface and designed to measure electrical impulses
Mediastinum One of three compartments inside the chest; encapsulates the heart and great vessels
Midaxillary An imaginary line through the axillary region that separates the front and back of the human body
Midclavicular An imaginary line through the middle of the clavicle that extends vertically
Myocardial Infarction Ischemia and death of heart muscle tissue
Myocardium The middle muscular layer of the heart
Pacemaker A medical device that provides artificial stimulation to heart muscle to trigger contraction
Pericardium A serous sac that encases the heart, is formed from two layers, and is usually filled with small amount of fluid
PQRST Waves The standard waveforms found on the EKG tracing. Each wave corresponds to a specific event within the heart's electrical cycle
Precordial Leads Six EKG leads placed on the anterior chest to record electrical activity or the heart, mainly the electrical impulses originating in the ventricles of the heart's anterior wall
Pulmonic Valve (Pulmonary Semilunar) The pulmonary semilunar prevents blood in the lungs from returning to the right ventricle during diastole
Pulmonary Vein The only vein in the body that carries oxygenated blood. The pulmonary veins carry blood from the lungs to the heart
Purkinje Fiber Fibers that serve to conduct electrical impulses through the right and left ventricles
Repolarazation The process of moving sodium from inside the cell to the outside, and potassium from outside the cell to the inside. Repolarization involves establishing and electrical gradient across a cell membrane
Septum A dividing wall or partition, such as the one found between the atria and the ventricles
Sinoatrial (SA) Node A small mass of tissue, located in the right atrium, which serves to originate impulses that stimulate the heartbeat. SA node depolarization corresponds to the P wave on the electrocardiogram
Superior Vena Cava The second-largest vein in the human body
Tachycardia Fast heart rate
Tricuspid Valve The tricuspid valve separates the right atrium from the right ventricle
Vasoconstriction The act of constricting a blood vessel
Ventricle The ventricles are responsible for pumping blood to the lungs and entire body
Bundle Branch Part of the conduction system responsible for triggering ventricular muscle contraction
Bundle of His Part of the conduction system responsible for conducting a stimulus to the septum and bundle branches
Cardiac Arrest The absence of cardiac activity
Coronary Arteries The arteries that supply oxygenated blood to the myocardium
Depolarization A loss of polarization resulting from a sudden influx of sodium ions into the cardiac muscle cells; results in contraction
Ectopic Originating in an area of the heart other than the sinoatrial node
Electrocardiograph (EKG) A graphic representation of the electrical activity of the heart
Electrode A specialized interface between the human body and an EKG machine
Endocardium The innermost layer of the heart
Epicardium The outermost layer of the heart
Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) The largest vein in the human body; returns de-oxygenated blood to the heart
Intercostal Between the ribs
Ischemia Insufficient oxygenation of tissue
Leads Flexible or solid insulated conductors connected to or leading out from an electrical device. These conductors are typically placed on the skin surface and designed to measure electrical impulses
Mediastinum One of three compartments inside the chest; encapsulates the heart and great vessels
Midaxillary An imaginary line through the axillary region that separates the front and back of the human body
Midclavicular An imaginary line through the middle of the clavicle that extends vertically
Myocardial Infarction Ischemia and death of heart muscle tissue
Myocardium The middle muscular layer of the heart
Pacemaker A medical device that provides artificial stimulation to heart muscle to trigger contraction
Pericardium A serous sac that encases the heart, is formed from two layers, and is usually filled with small amount of fluid
PQRST Waves The standard waveforms found on the EKG tracing. Each wave corresponds to a specific event within the heart's electrical cycle
Precordial Leads Six EKG leads placed on the anterior chest to record electrical activity or the heart, mainly the electrical impulses originating in the ventricles of the heart's anterior wall
Pulmonic Valve (Pulmonary Semilunar) The pulmonary semilunar prevents blood in the lungs from returning to the right ventricle during diastole
Pulmonary Vein The only vein in the body that carries oxygenated blood. The pulmonary veins carry blood from the lungs to the heart
Purkinje Fiber Fibers that serve to conduct electrical impulses through the right and left ventricles
Repolarazation The process of moving sodium from inside the cell to the outside, and potassium from outside the cell to the inside. Repolarization involves establishing and electrical gradient across a cell membrane
Septum A dividing wall or partition, such as the one found between the atria and the ventricles
Sinoatrial (SA) Node A small mass of tissue, located in the right atrium, which serves to originate impulses that stimulate the heartbeat. SA node depolarization corresponds to the P wave on the electrocardiogram
Superior Vena Cava The second-largest vein in the human body
Tachycardia Fast heart rate
Tricuspid Valve The tricuspid valve separates the right atrium from the right ventricle
Vasoconstriction The act of constricting a blood vessel
Ventricle The ventricles are responsible for pumping blood to the lungs and entire body
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