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Behavior
Penn Foster: Intro to Vet Tech: Behavior
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ethology | the study of animal behavior |
| Charles Darwin | |
| species | classification of animals |
| theory of evolution | characterizes all related organisms as descended from common ancestors |
| natural selection | the process that awards survival and reproductive success to individuals and groups best adjusted to their environment |
| classical ethology | asserts that much of what animals know is instinctive, or innate |
| Ivan Pavlov | |
| unconditioned response | a simple reflex behavior |
| unconditioned stimulus | something that produces an unconditioned response |
| behaviorism | |
| John B. Watson | |
| stimulus-response theory | holds that all complex forms of behavior, including emotions, thoughts, and habits, are complex muscular and gladular responses that can be observed and measured |
| classical conditioning | refers to the association of stimuli that occurs at approximately the same time or in roughly the same area |
| operant conditioning | works on the principle of associating a certain activity, known as the operant, with punishment or reward |
| B.F. Skinner | |
| trial-and-error learning | |
| instrumental learning | learning by trial and error |
| sociobiology | the study of social organization in animals |
| fixed action patterns | stereotypical or predictable behaviors |
| instincts | inherited or genetically coded responses to environmental stumuli |
| positive reinforcement | refers to any immediate pleasant occurrence that follows a behavior |
| negative reinforcement | refers to any immediate unpleasant occurrence used to create a desired behavior |
| punishment | an unpleasant occurrence used to eliminate an undesirable behavior |
| Konrad Z. Lorenz | |
| imprinting | a rapid learning process that enables the very young to recognize and bond with its caretaker |
| sensitive period | the period of time when imprinting occurs |
| canine separation anxiety | the bond between owner and pet is so strong that a dog feels anxiety when separated from its owner |
| dominance aggression | |
| fear-induced aggression | |
| predatory agression | |
| pain-induced aggression | |
| inter-male aggression | |
| territorial aggression | |
| maternal aggression | |
| house soiling | urinating or defecating inside the home |
| factors of problem behavior treatment methods | trust, reward, reprimand, consistency |
| reward | the most critical element of behavior modification |
| edible rewards | |
| vocal rewards | |
| reprimand | |
| common treatment techniques | extinction, aversion therapy, avoidance therapy, habituation, punishment, counterconditioning, desensitization, environmental modification, surgical modification, pharmaceutical therapy |
| wobble | a training manuever designed to disorient a bird by abruptly dropping the hand its perched on |
Created by:
kitttcole
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