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Health Final #yolo
yolt
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Prognosis | a prediction of the chance of recovery or survival from a disease |
| Psychiatrist | a medical doctor who has additional training in mental illnesses. Psychiatrists can prescribe medications. |
| Psychologist | A professional who can diagnose and treat emotional and behavioral disorders, but cannot prescribe medications. |
| DSM-IV | a manual published by the American Psychiatric Association covering all mental health disorders for both children and adults. It lists the disorder and gives typical symptoms. |
| DID | a manual published by the American Psychiatric Association covering all mental health disorders for both children and adults. It lists the disorder and gives typical symptoms. |
| Obsessive Compulsive Disorder | repeated actions/certain obsessions or compulsions. |
| Schizophrenia | a mental disorder characterized by auditory hallucinations, paranoid or bizarre delusions, or disorganized speech and thinking. |
| Tourettes Syndrome | a disease characterized by multiple uncontrollable tics that is incurable. a disease characterized by multiple uncontrollable tics that is incurable. |
| Phobia | unrealistic fear of something. |
| ___ of Americans over the age of 18 suffer from a mental disorder in a year. | 20% |
| __ of the homeless have some form of mental/emotional problem. | 40% |
| ____ females attempt suicide for each male attempt. | 3 |
| Red blood cells | deliver oxygen. |
| White Blood Cells | cell of the immune system that defends the body from infection/sickness. |
| Platelets | small cell fragments that lead to formation of blood clots. |
| 3 types of blood | Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. |
| Blood | the carrier of oxygen, nutrients, and waste. |
| Plasma | a yellow liquid that is 90% water and contains salts, glucose, proteins, and other substances. |
| Blood Pressure | the arterial pressure of the circulation system. |
| Systolic | max blood pressure in vessels when the heart beats. |
| Diastolic | min blood pressure in vessels between heart beats. |
| Cardiovascular System | circulates blood throughout the body to bring oxygen and nutrients to muscles and cells. |
| Aorta | the biggest and longest artery in the body that carries oxygen rich blood from the left ventricle to the body. |
| Inferior Vena Cava | a large blood vein that carries de-oxygenated blood to the right atrium from the lower half of the body. |
| Left Atrium | the left upper chamber of the heart that receives oxygen rich blood from the lungs. |
| Left Ventricle | the left lower chamber of the heart that pumps blood into the aorta. |
| Mitral Valve | the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle that prevents the back flow of blood. |
| Pulmonary Artery | the blood vessel that carries de-oxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs. |
| Pulmonary Valve | the flaps between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. |
| Pulmonary Vein | the blood vessel that carries oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart. |
| Right Atrium | the right upper chamber of the heart that receives de-oxygenated from the body through the inferior vena cava and the superior vena cava. |
| Right Ventricle | the right lower chamber of the heart that pumps blood into the pulmonary artery. |
| Septum | the muscular wall that separates the left and right sides of the heart. |
| Superior Vena Cava | the vein that carries de-oxygenated blood from the upper parts of the body to the right atrium. |
| Tricuspid Valve | the flap between the right atrium and the right ventricle that prevents the back-flow of blood. |
| Myocardium | the middle and thickest layer of the heart wall composed of cardiac muscle |
| Pericardium | thin sac that surrounds the heart. |
| Capillaries | the smallest blood vessels in the body. |
| SA node | the hearts natural pacemaker. |
| AV node | part of the electrical control system of the heart that coordinates the top of the heart. |
| Alveoli | capillary lined structures in the lungs that are the site of gas exchange with the blood |
| Larynx | a muscular structure at the top of the trachea containing the vocal cords. |
| Diaphragm | a muscular membrane under the lungs that controls the rate of inhalation of air. |
| Trachea | the tube through which air travels from the larynx to the lungs. |
| Metabolism | the rate at which the body uses/store food to energy. |
| BMR | : the amount of calories our body burns at rest. |
| Proteins | made up of amino acids. There are complete amino acids and incomplete amino acids. Complete amino acids contain all 9 essential amino acids, incompletes do not, 4 calories per gram. |
| Fats | a type of lipid made up of a substance called fatty acid, 9 calories per gram, 25-30% of diet. |
| Fat soluble vitamins | A, D, E, K |
| 1 pound | 3500 Kcals. |
| Water Soluble Vitamins | C and B vits. |
| Fatty Acids | classified as saturated or unsaturated |
| Fatty Acids | classified as saturated or unsaturated |
| Saturated Fats | usually solid at room temperature and come from animal sources, no more than 10% of the diet. |
| Unsaturated Fats | usually liquid at room temperature and are classified as either poly-unsaturated or mono-unsaturated, both reduce the chance of heart disease and have been found to lower one’s LDL’s and HDL’s. |
| Cholesterol | a fatty substance that circulates in blood that protects the walls of arteries and keeps fat levels intact. It cannot dissolve in the blood, but is transported by lipo-proteins. |
| Lipo-Proteins | categorized into HDL’s (High Density Lipo-Protein) and LDL’s (Low Density Lipo Protein). |
| LDL’s | are the bad guys because too much LDL cholesterol can clog arteries |
| HDL’s | are the good guys because they take the cholesterol to the liver. |
| Acceptable LDL level: | less than 200 |
| Carbohydrates: | made up of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen and are the body’s main sources of energy. 4 calories per gram of carbs., 55% to 65% of the diet should be made up of complex carbs. |
| sugars | Four Kinds: Glucose, sucrose, lactose, and fructose |
| Simple Carbs | known as sugars. |
| Complex Carbs: | known as starches. |
| Glucose: | stored in muscles and liver as glycogen. If the body needs more glucose, glycogen is changed back into glucose in the liver. |
| Fiber | two types known as soluble and insoluble, recommended you get 25-30 grams of fiber per day, and cannot be digested. |
| Soluble Fiber | binds with water and causes food to swell, which slows down the digestive system. Ex: fruits |
| Insoluble Fiber | doesn’t bind with water, and causes food to move quickly through the Dig. System. Ex: vegetables and greens |
| Free Radicals | toxins that occur during the metabolic process that destroy our cells and genes. |
| Antioxidants | help get rid of free radicals in our system-strawberries, pomegranate. |
| Omega 3 fatty acids | reduces risk of heart disease, cancer, arthritis, and inflammation around arteries. |
| Five Food Groups | Grains, Fruits, Vegetables, Dairy, and Proteins |
| Average Body fat for Men and Women | 14-18% for men, 23-30% for women |
| Body Composition | the ratio of body fat to lean body tissue. |
| Animal Protein | deck of cards |
| Pasta | baseball |
| Cheese | 3 dice |
| Bread | cassette tape |
| Pancake: | compact disc |
| Potato | computer mouse |
| Bagel: | tuna can |
| Digestive System | the process through which food is changed into nutrients and the by-products are expelled from the body |
| Alimentary Canal | a long tube made up of smooth muscle, blood vessels and other tissues. |
| Amylase | an enzyme in the body that begins to break down carbs in food before it leaves the mouth. |
| Sodium Bicarbonate | a salt that neutralizes stomach acid. |
| Lipase: | breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol |
| Trypsin | breaks down proteins into amino acids. |
| Mouth: | where the digestion process begins-food is broken down into small, easy to swallow pieces. |
| Pharynx | a passage way for food and air that is about 5 inches long. |
| Salivary Glands | Any three pairs of glands in the mouth and digestive system that secrete saliva for digestion. |
| Esophagus | The food tube between the mouth and the stomach. |
| Epiglottis | a flap that closes the windpipe, separating the esophagus from the trachea. |
| Stomach | An enlarged and muscular bag like organ that is attached to the esophagus. |
| Gallbladder: | A sac attached to the liver that stores bile until it is needed for digestion. |
| Liver: | Large organ that makes bile, filters toxins from the blood, and makes some blood proteins. |
| Bile | a digestive juice secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. |
| Small Intestine | The longest part of the digestive system which is made up of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum where the nutrients are absorbed into the body’s bloodstream. |
| Villi: | small, microscopic projections that absorb water and nutrients in the small intestine so that they can travel to the bloodstream. |
| Large Intestine | where the food goes after the small intestine made up of the cecum, colon, and rectum. |
| Parts of the colon | ascending, transverse, and descending |
| Rectum | the end of the digestive system where feces are stored before they are excreted from the body. |
| Anus | the opening at the end of the digestive system from which feces exits the body. |
| Peristalsis | waves of contraction that force food down the esophagus |
| Sphincter Valve | allows food to enter the stomach and then squeezes shut to keep food or water from flowing back up. |
| Chyme | a thick liquid of partly digested food expelled by the stomach into the small intestine. |
| Pylorus | a short muscular channel at the bottom of the stomach. |
| Vas Deferens | tube that transports mature sperm |
| Ovaries | house ova and produce female sex hormone |
| Fallopian Tubes | tube that transports ovum to the Uterus |
| Uterus | Houses embryo |
| Scrotum | protects sperm |
| Cervix | narrow end of the Uterus |
| Testes | glands that produce sperm |
| Seminal Vesicles | produces sugar-rich fluid |
| Epididymis | brings sperm to maturity |
| Cowper’s gland | neutralizes any acid that may be in the urethra |
| Vagina | connects cervix to the outside of the body. |
| Afterbirth | the placenta that is delivered after the baby |
| HCG | the hormone produced when a woman is pregnant |
| Postpartum Period | the period after a pregnancy when the hormones are out of whack. |
| Signs of pregnancy | missed menstrual period, nausea, vomiting, tiredness, change in appetite. |
| Stages of Childbirth | lightening and mild contractions, dilation, expulsion stage, afterbirth stage |
| Three Types of Birth Control | Hormones, Barrier, and Chemical. |
| Hormones | the pill, implant, contraceptive patch, |
| Barrier | Condom, Cervical cap, Diaphragm, Spermicide |
| Chemical | Sterilization, IUD |
| Most Common STD’s | HPV, Chlamydia, and Herpes Simplex 2 |
| Three Types of STD’s | Bacterial, Viral, and Parasitic |
| Addiction: | a physiological or psychological dependence that changes the Brain’s chemistry. |
| BAC | the amount of alcohol in the bloodstream. |
| Cirrhosis | a deadly disease that replaces healthy live tissue with scar tissue. |
| Depressant | a drug that slows the central nervous system. |
| Endorphins | Chemicals in the brain that produce feelings of pleasure in response to various activities. |
| Flashback: | When a hallucinogen’s effects happen again long after the drug was originally taken. |
| Gateway Drugs | Alcohol, Tobacco, and Marijuana are thought to be drugs that lead to later abuse of other drugs. |
| Hangover: | Uncomfortable physical effects caused by alcohol, including headache, dizziness, nausea and vomiting. |
| Stimulant | Any drug that increases the central nervous system. |
| THC | the active chemical in marijuana. |
| Withdrawal: | occurs when a person stops using a drug/alcohol on which he/she has chemical dependence. |
| Alcoholism | a disease in which a person has a physical or psychological dependence on alcohol |
| Stages of Alcoholism | Abuse, Dependence, and Addiction |
| Three sacred rules in an Alcoholic family | Don’t talk, don’t trust, and don’t feel |
| Roles of a COA | Hero, Scapegoat, Lost child, and Mascot |
| Hero | the overachiever in the family, brings glory to the family |
| Scapegoat: | takes the blame for the family drinking problem, tends to fail school and use drugs and alcohol. |
| Lost child | middle child, doesn’t draw attention, stays out of trouble, trouble speaking up/voicing opinions. |
| Mascot | diverts attention for alcoholic-entertainer and crowd pleaser/class clown. |
| Drug Groups | Narcotic, Hallucinogen, stimulant, depressant, and cannabis |
| Narcotics | morphine, heroin, and oxycotin |
| Hallucinogens | : LSD, PCP, ecstasy, ketamine, mushrooms |
| Stimulant | Cocaine, Crack, Methamphetamines, nicotine |
| Depressant | alcohol, GHB, rohypnol |
| Cannabis | Marijuana, Hash |
| Date Rape Drugs | Rohypnol, GHB, and ketamine |
| Beer alcohol % | 4-6% |
| Liquor Alc. % | 40-50 |
| Intoxication | body ispoisoned by alcohol or other substance and person's phys/ mental control is reduced. |
| Child of Alcoholic's chances of being alcoholic is __ times more likely | 4 |
| Alcohol is the ___ drug choice of teens | 1 |
| Binge drinking is drinking __ or more drinks | 5 |
| Withdrawal symotoms | Nausea, sweating, irritability, shakiness. |
| Help for Alcohol Abuse | NACA, AA, counselor |
| pancreas | produces enzymes to digest |
| hemoglobin | oxygen carrying protein in blood |
Created by:
BboyTrue
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