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Intro to Health Prof
Intro to Health Professions Test #1, Chapters 1-5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What medical practices did the Ancient Egyptians perform? | Bloodletting and Leaches |
| What was the average life of an Egyptian? | 20-30 years |
| Who is known as the father of modern medicine? | Hypocrites |
| What are the four humors that Greeks thought made up the body? | Blood, Phlegm, Black Bile, and Yellow Bile |
| What was the average life for a Greek? | 25-35 years |
| What were the Ancient Chinese's view on medicine? | Treat the spirit and nourish the body |
| What were chinese medications based on? | Herbs |
| What civilization had the first organized medical care? | Romans through Sanitation Systems |
| What were prevalent diseases between AD 800 and AD 1400? | Smallpox, Diptheria, Tuberclurosis, Typhoid, and Malaria. |
| Who first started dissecting cadavers? | Andreas Vesalius |
| What innovations were there in the 16th and 17th centuries? | Improvement of microscope, use of ligatures to stop bleeding by Ambroise Pare |
| What innovations were in the 18th century? | Two year medical programs, First Thermometer, first surgical procedures and tube feeding. |
| What was the average life expectancy in 18th century? | 40 to 50 years |
| Who created the first vaccine? | Edward Genner, Smallpox |
| What were the innovations in the 19th century? | Advancements in response to Microorganisms, X-Rays, Culture Plates, Surgical Antisecptic, Carbonic Acid on Wounds |
| Who discovered Penicillin in the 19th century? | Alexander Fleming |
| What innovations were there in the 20th century? | DNA Structure, Organ test tubes, urbanziation, New machines |
| What act dictated 4.5 beds for every 1000 people in the population? | Hill-Burton Act of 1945 |
| What specialization occurred during the formation of the first hospitals? | Aids, Administration, and EMT's |
| What are 21st century innovations? | Use of (MRI, CAT, PET, and EKG) scans, Human genome project, and stem cells |
| What's the average life expectancy in the 21st century? | 75+ years |
| What kind of problem does current health care face? | Chronic (long term) care |
| What factors have caused in an increase in health care? | Increase in aged population, Chronic & fragmented health, Increase in technology, payment not related to outcome |
| What types of insurance systems are there? | Government Subbed and Private Insurance |
| What are government subsidized insurance programs? | Medicare, Medicade, Veteran Affairs, Workers comp, and School Health |
| When was Medicare established? | In 1965 Social Security Act by Federal Government |
| Who is Medicare for? | 65+ (Retired) and Disabilities |
| Who runs Medicaid? | Federal and State Cooperation plan |
| Who is able to receive Medicaid? | For citizens at/below poverty level |
| Where was the first case of Private Insurance in the U.S. | Baylor Hospital in 1929 |
| What were aspects of the first insurance plan? | Fixed payments for hospitalization |
| What was the name of the first insurance plan? | Blue Cross |
| Where was the concept "Fee for Service" first established? | Blue Shield, 1939 in California. Also known as Capitation Pay. |
| What type of health care started in the 1980's? | Managed Care |
| What are characteristics of Managed Care? | Companies send insured to most cost effective health care centers, categorized disease sets |
| What are the two types of managed care? | Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) & Preferred Provider Organization |
| Characteristics of HMO? | Price is agreed and set upon service, Capped costs, and must use designated facilities. |
| Characteristics of PPO? | Mostly private insurance sector, Physicians give a set discount, and there is a choice in provider and hospital |
| What are the two extremes of Health Care Reform? | Socialism and Capitalism (Centralized Government) |
| Who are the main players in Health Care Reform? | Government, Private Insurance, and Primary Health |
| Characteristic of the Affordable Care Act? | Everybody has to get insurance in companies greater than 200 |
| What do businesses of less than 100 do for insurance? | Use Small Business Health Opt Program |
| What effects has HCR had as of 2010? | No deductible for preventative care, Expansion for pre existing conditions, Government made to cover some of high risk pools such as Cancer, diabetes, and Heart Disease |
| What are the four types of health care systems in the world today? | Entreprenurial, Bismark, Beveridge, and State |
| Characteristics of Extreprenurial System? | Wealth made from exchange, Rationing through ability willing to pay, Strong private market |
| Characteristics of Bismarck system? | "State" model with relationship between private and public sectors, Major constituents decide where economy goes, 50/50 premium |
| Characteristics of Beverage model? | Financed by general tax and there is universal health care with no cost except for time |
| State Control model? | Former soviet Union, very unsuccesful |
| What countries practice the Bismarck System? | France, Japan, Australia, and Germany |
| What countries practice the Beverage system? | UK, Canada, Sweden, Spain, and Norway |
| What are the two evil twins of health care? | Moral Hazard and Selection Bias |
| What is moral hazard? | Changes your behavior from a phenemenon and leads to overconsumption |
| What is selection bias? | Insurance companies do not want you to use their service so they cherry pick their clients based on a risk scale |
| What does allied health consist of? | Assistants (Physician, Medical, social, Theraputic) and aides. |
| Examples of short term care | Specialization of treatment, Hospitalization, and Surgery |
| Long term care? | Prevention, Chronic Care, and Acute Care |
| What's the poverty income level for a single? | $10,890 |
| What are the four levels of Medicare? | A (Hospital Insurance), B (Supplemental), D (Prescription Drug Coverage), and C (Supplemental Private) |
| What are the three types of care within a nursing home? | Skilled (Hospital), Intermediate (Assisted Living), and Continuing Care |
| What is PACE? | Capitated payment for services for 55+ |
| What countries use the Entreprenurial Health Care System? | U.S. and Thailand |
| Why are there so many without health insurance? | Moral hazards disuade insurance providers, lack of scale coverage, crowding out of private plans |
| What does the three legged stool stand for? | Can insurance companies deny you insurance if you become ill or if you have a pre existing condition. |
| Options to cover uninsured? | Expand public health program and mandating personal coverage |
| Who is affected by HCR? | Low income, uninsured, Adults under 26, Insured through work, senior citizens, and small business owners |
Created by:
lspencer1
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