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bkx HSC101 T2, P1
HSC-101 Test #2, Part 1: Body Composition & Weight Management
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the leanest state in America | Colorado |
| What is the heaviest state in America | Mississippi |
| First Law of Thermodynamics | Energy is neither created nor destroyed. (Calories do not just disappear.) |
| Positive Energy Balance | Intake > Expenditure |
| Negative Energy Balance | Intake < Expenditure |
| Define calorie | 1 calorie = amount of energy required to heat 1g of water by 1 degree Celsius |
| 1 Metabolic Equivalent | MET = energy expenditure at rest |
| Thermic Effect of Exercise | Calories required for any kind of activity |
| Thermic Effect of Feeding | Calories required for digestion |
| What percentage of Americans are overweight | 65% |
| What percentage of Americans are obese | 31% |
| What BMI qualifies someone as obese | BMI > 30 |
| Two Types of Body Fat | Essential: cell membranes, nerves, etc. Non-Essential: subcutaneous (beneath skin) & visceral (around organs) |
| What are some complications of obesity | High blood pressure, high cholesterol, Type 2 Diabetes, heart attack, stroke, cancer, atherosclerosis (clogged arteries), osteoarthritis (degeneration of joints), gallstones (hardened bile), lower back pain, respiratory & pregnancy complications |
| What are some complications of being underweight | Malnutrition, fatigue, loss of bone mass, increased chance of illness, increased chance of premature death, high correlation with smoking |
| Glucose Regulation | If blood glucose is too high... -Pancreas secretes insulin -Insulin escorts glucose into cells If blood glucose is too low... -Pancreas secretes glucagon -Glucagon stimulates breakdown of glycogen into glucose |
| Diabetes | Type I: Reduced insulin production Type II: Reduced insulin sensitivity -90% of Type II Diabetics are overweight |
| 8 Ways to Assess Body Composition (aside from autopsy) | 1) BMI (Body Mass Index) 2) Heigh/weight tables 3) Abdominal circumference 4) Skinfolds 5) Underwater weighing 6) Bod Pod 7) Bioelectrical impedence 8) Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) |
| What is the formula for BMI | (#lbs./2.2)/(0.0254x#in.)squared = kg/msquared |
| What is the recommended BMI | 18.5-25 |
| What are some contributing factors to excess body fat | Genetic predisposition (25% responsibility), environmental influence, larger portions, high variety offered at one meal, eating out 3+ times/week, large meals/skipping meals, sedentary lifestyle, emotional eating, regular consumption of soda |
| What is the minimum daily caloric intake for men and women? | Men = 1500 cal/day Women = 1200 cal/day |
| Three Eating Disorders | Anorexia, bulimia, binge-eating |
Created by:
bamkapowxo
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