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Health Exam #2
Drugs, Alcohol, Stress, Psychological Health
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cognitive techniques for managing stress | Think and act constructively take control problem Solve Modify Your expectations Stay Positive Practice Affirmations Cultivate your sense of humor Focus on what's important |
| Psychotherapy options | Behavioral Therapy Cognitive Therapy Interpersonal Therapy Humanistic Therapy |
| Humanistic Therapy | focus on immediate feelings and potential feelings |
| Interpersonal therapy | emphasizes the role of past and unconscious thoughts in shaping the present behavior |
| Cognitive Therapy | emphasizes the effect of ideas on behavior and feelings |
| Behavioral Therapy | focus on current behaviors or patterns |
| Immediate effects of smoking | -Acts on the brain either by exciting or tranquilizing the nervous system -Inhibits formation of urine -constricts blood vessels -accelerates heart rate -elevates blood pressure -depresses hunger contractions -Dulls taste buds and sense of smell |
| Pharmacological treatments for alcohol | Disulfram (Antabuse) -inhibits the metabolic breakdown Naltrexone -reduces the craving for alcohol and decreases its pleasant effects Injectable Naltrexone -Single monthly shot Acamprosate (Campral) -acts on the braibn pathways related to alcohol a |
| The order of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs | Self- Actualization Self-Esteem Love and Belongingness Safety and Security Physiological Health |
| Characteristics that make up Self-Actualization | Realism, self-acceptance, autonomy, authenticity, creativity, capability for intimacy |
| Characteristics of Depression | -Feelings of sadness and hopelessness -loss of pleasure in doing usual activities -poor appetite and weight loss -insomnia or disturbed sleep -restless / fatigued -thoughts of worthlessness/guilt -trouble concentrating/ making decisions -suicidal t |
| Mania Disorder | a mood disorder characterized by excessive elation, irritability, talkativeness, inflated self-esteem, and expansiveness |
| Bipolar Disorder | a mental illness characterized by alternating periods of depression and mania |
| Who is more likely to attempt and complete suicide? What are each genders methods? | Men are more likely to attempt. males use guns and females use pills and cutting |
| What are effective responses to cancer? | Talking Laughing Exercise Improved Time management |
| What are ineffective responses to stress? | Overeating Hostility Procrastination Frustration |
| What is the difference between methamphetamines and amphetamines? | Methamphetamines are more addictive |
| Psychoactive ingredient in drugs | Thc- Marijuana Nicotine-tobacco |
| Mainstream vs. Sidestream smoke | Mainstream- the smoke a smoker directly exhales (filtered 3 times) Sidestream- is the smoke burned off the end of a cigarette (non-filtered) |
| Warning sides of suicide | -expressing the wish to be dead or revealing contemplated methods -increasing social withdrawal1 -sudden inexpicable lightening of mood -history of previous attempts -suicide by a family member or friend -readily available means -history of substanc |
| Binge Drinking Numbers for males and females | In one sitting (two hours) males- Four drinks females-three drinks |
| What are some other health problems that are common from stress? | -altered functioning of the immune system -digestive problems -headaches/migraines -insomnia -injuries -menstrual irregularities -impotence -pregnancy complications |
| APA's definition of Drug Dependence- symptom requirements | -recurrent drug use, resulting in failure to fulfill major responsibilities -drug use in situations that are physically hazardous -drug-related legal problems -drug use despite persistent social/interpersonal problems -physical dependency may not be t |
| Medical benefits for marijuana | -Boosts appetite in HIV patients -Alleviates cancer pain -Reduce pressure on eye from Glaucoma -Reduce severe muscle tension with multiple sclerosis |
| Additional health and cosmetic concerns of smoking | -ulcers and heartburn -reproductive health problems -dental diseases -diminished physical senses -injuries and accidents -cosmetic concerns -economic costs |
| other forms of tobacco use | Spit Cigar and Pipes Clove Cigarettes Lukoplakea- white or red patches in the mouth |
| Common carcinogens found in cigarettes and how many of them are linked to the development of cancer | Benzo(a)pyrene Urethane Formaldehyde 43 are linked to cancer |
| Commonly misused over-the-counter drugs | caffeine tobacco alcohol |
| What are the different club drugs | MDMA LSD GHB Ketamine Rohypnol |
| What are the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the nervous system? | Parasympathetic- Slows metabolism and restores energy supplies sympathetic- instantly accelerates body processes |
| What are the body systems responsible for physical response to stress and the functions to each? | Nervous System- branch of the nervous system that controls basic body processes; consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions Endocrine System- rapid chemical reactions affecting almost every part of your body , primed to act quickly |
| What are pharmacological properties? | a drug's effect on a person's body chemistry, behavior, and psychology. also include the amount of a drug required to exert various effects, the time course of the effects, and other characteristics, such as a drug's chemical composition |
| Schizophrenia general characteristics | -disorganized thoughts -inappropriate emotions -delusions -auditory hallucinations -deteriorating social and work functioning |
| OCD | obsessions- recurrent, unwanted thoughts compulsions- repetitive, difficult-to-resist actions |
| General Anxiety Disorder | reaction to future threats is to worry worries have taken over |
| Panic Disorders | rapid and strong heartbeat shortness of breath loss of physical equilibrium feeling of losing mental control |
| Alcohol Abuse | recurrent use that has negative consequences |
| environmental tobacco smoke's common effects on non-smokers | -develop cough, headaches, nasal discomfort, eye irritation, breathlessness and sinus problems -allergies will be exacerbated -causes 4000 deaths due to lung cancer -carbon monoxide lingers in bloodstream 5 hours later |
| what are the different personality type characteristics? | A- ultra competitive, controlling, impatient, aggressive, have a higher perceived stress level B- relaxed and contemplative, are less frustrated by daily events C- anger suppression, difficulty expressing emotions, feelings of hopelessness or despair, |
| Different stages in the general adaptation syndrome and the main thing that happens in each stage | Alarm -fight or flight Resistance -a person can cope with normal life and added stress Exhaustion -life-threatening type of physiological exhaustion |
| Counter productive coping strategies for stress | overeating hostility procrastination frustration use of alcohol and other drugs tobacco use |
| What is substance abuse? | A maladaptive pattern of using any substance that persists despite adverse social, psychological, or medical consequences. The pattern may be intermittent, with or without tolerance and physical dependence |
| Intoxication | state of being mentally affected by a chemical |
| What are the routes of administration and order? | Oral Dosage Inhalation Subcutaneous Injection Intramuscular Injection Intravenous Injection |
| 2010 federal Law | prohibited the use of terms such as "low" and "light" or "mild" on packaging |
| Alcohol Dependence | TOLERANCE WITHDRAWAL |
| Factors that affect and cannot influence BAC levels | Can- body weight % of body fat sex drinking behavior balance of alcohol absorption and rate of metabolism cannot- exercise breathing deeply eating drinking coffee taking other drugs |
| Fetal Alcohol Syndrome vs. Alcohol-related Neurodevelopment Disorder | FAS- occurs in up to 15 out of 10,000 live births incurable premature heart problems slowed physical and mental growth small heart ARND- 3 times more common than FAS normal appearance learning and behavioral disorders |
| warning signs for alcohol dependence | -drinking alone -using deliberately and repeatedly as coping -feeling uncomfortable on occasions when not drinking -escalating consumption -drinking heavily in risky situations -getting drunk regularly -drinking in the morning or unusual times |
| BAC | the amount of alcohol in a person's blood, expressed as the percentage of alcohol measured in a deciliter of blood |
| AA | Alcoholics Anonymous, 12 - step program, get a mentor Al-Anon- group therapy, invite family and friends rehab |
| nicotine | most physically addictive of all psychoactive drugs reaches the brain via the bloodstream |
| carcinogens | directly cause cancer |
| PTSD | reaction to a severely traumatic event |
| BAC % Breakdowns and low level concentration | .03-.05 first effects felt- light headedness, relaxation, release of inhibitions, mild euphoria .08- legal limit .1-delays in motor skills .2- run the risk of passing out, choking on own vomit .3- falling into coma, stomach pumped .4- risk of dying |
| average age to start using tobacco products | 15 |
| where is alcohol absorbed and where it is metabolized | absorbed in upper part of small intestine metabolized in liver |
| proof value | two times the alcohol concentration |
| Why do people use drugs? | experiment escape coping reliance social surroundings |
| Who is more likely to use drugs? | teen girls who date older boys young people males(twice as likely) troubled adolescents thrill seekers members of dysfunctional families members of peer groups that accept drug use people who live in disadvantaged areas |
| eustress vs. distress | eustress- brought on by a pleasant stressor distress- brought on by an unpleasant stressor |
| What is a stressor | the situation |
| Simple Phobia | most common and understanable fear of something definite |
| Social Phobia | 15 million americans fear of humiliation or embarrassment while being observed by others |
| Characteristics of addictive behavior | reinforcement compulsion or craving loss of control escalation negative consequences |
| "Growing up Psychologically" Adult Identity, intimacy, values and purpose | A unified sense of self, characterized by attitudes, beliefs, and ways of acting that are genuinely ones own to be able to love and work criteria for judging what is good and bad; they underlie our moral decisions and behavior |
Created by:
Hannahwomack
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