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communication disorder key terms
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Speech Disorder | Difficulty producing sounds as well as disorders of voice quality. |
Language Disorder | Entails difficulty receiving, understanding, or formulating ideas and information. |
Receptive Language Disorder | Difficulty receiving or understanding information. |
Expressive Language Disorder | Difficulty formulating ideas and information. |
Cleft Palate or Lip | Condition in which a person has a split in the upper part of the oral cavity or the upper lip. |
Dialect | A language variation that a group of individuals uses and reflects shared regional, social, or cultural/ethnic factors. |
Speech | Oral expression of language. |
Language | A structured, shared, rule-governed, symbolic system for communicating. |
Phonolgy | Use of sounds to make meaningful syllables and words. |
Phonemes | Rules and sequencing of individual speech sounds and how they are produced. |
Morphology | System that governs the structure of words. |
Syntax | Rules for putting together a series of words to form sentences. |
Semantics | The meaning of what is expressed. |
Pragmatics | Use of communication in contexts. |
Social Interaction Theories | Emphasize that communication skills are learned through social interactions. |
Articulation Disorders | One of the most frequent communication disorders in preschool and school-age children. |
Articulation | A speaker's production of individual or sequenced sounds. |
Substitutions | Error in articulation. Ex: replace /th/ with /d/ ('doze' instead of 'those') |
Omissions | When a phoneme is left out of a word. |
Additions | When a vowel is placed between two consonants, converting 'tree' into 'tahree' |
Distortion | Modifications of the production of a phoneme in a word. |
Apraxia | A motor speech disorder that affects the way in which a student plans to produce speech. |
Semantics | The meaning of what is expressed. |
Pragmatics | Use of communication in contexts. |
Social Interaction Theories | Emphasize that communication skills are learned through social interactions. |
Articulation Disorders | One of the most frequent communication disorders in preschool and school-age children. |
Articulation | A speaker's production of individual or sequenced sounds. |
Substitutions | Error in articulation. Ex: replace /th/ with /d/ ('doze' instead of 'those') |
Omissions | When a phoneme is left out of a word. |
Additions | When a vowel is placed between two consonants, converting 'tree' into 'tahree' |
Distortion | Modifications of the production of a phoneme in a word. |
Apraxia | A motor speech disorder that affects the way in which a student plans to produce speech. |
Pitch | Affected by the tension and size of the vocal folds, the health of the larynx, and the location of the laqrynx. |
Duration | The length of time any speech sound requires. |
Intensity | Perception of the listener and is determined by the air pressure coming from the lungs through the vocal folds. |
Resonance | Perceived quality of someone's voice, is determined by the way in which the tone coming from the vocal folds is modified by the spaces of the throat, mouth, and nose. |
Hypernasality | Trait in which air is allowed to pass through the nasal cavity on sounds other than /m/, /n/, and /ng/. |
Hyponasality | Air can't pass through the nose and comes through the mouth instead. |
Fluency | Smooth, flows well, and appears to be effortless. |
Specific Language Impairment | Not related to to any physical or intellectual disability. |
Organic Disorders | Caused by an identifiable problem in the neuromuscular mechanism of the person. |
Functional Disorders | No identifiable organic or neurological cause. |
Congenital Diorder | Disorder that occurs at birth. |
Acquired Disorder | Disorder that occurs well after birth. |
Oral Motor Exam | Examination of the appearance, strength, and range of motion of the lips, tongue, palate, teeth, and jaw, is typically conducted. |
Bilingual | Uses two languages equally well. |
Bidialectal | Uses two variations of a language. |
System for Augmenting Language (SAL) | Instructional strategy that focuses on augmented input of language. |