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Pharmacology
Test #1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pharmacology | Study of drugs & their interactions w/ living organisms |
| Medicine | A drug that is deliberately administered for its medicinal value |
| Three medical uses for drugs | 1) Pevent Disease 2) Diagnose disease 3) Treat Diseases |
| F.D.A | Food & Drug Administration - Regulates perscription and OTC medications for use in the U.S |
| D.E.A | Drug Enforcement Administration |
| Schedule drugs | refers to drugs that have a potential for abuse AKA controlled drugs |
| Schedule drug lower the #.. | greater the abuse potential |
| United States Pharmacopeia or National Formulary | a list of all perscribed and OTC medications in the U.S |
| Generic Name | the name given to a drug when it is created |
| Recognize generic names by. | 1) lower case 2) usually har to pronounce 3) sometimes in parentheses |
| The "nick-name" given to the generic drug so consumers will remember it easily | trade name, brand name, product name |
| the "trade-name" is recognized by being | 1) capitilized 2) easy to pronounce 3)may have a registered mark |
| Trade name medications and their generic equivalent must contain exactly the same amount of | active ingredient |
| Ingredients permitted to vary from generic to trade name are | inert (inactive) ingredients |
| Inert (inactive) ingredients include | Binders, fillers, preservatives, antioxidants, buffes |
| Pharmacists are permitted to substitute the generic drug for a perscribed trade name unless.. | " nosubstitutions" dispense as written" |
| Therapeutic index (T.I) | dosage margin between the therapeutic effect & toxic effect |
| Loading dose or Bolus | Large initial dose of a medication to quickly reach the TI |
| placebo | An inert pharmacological agent prescribed to create a psychological effect |
| All new pharmaceutical drugs are protected by a patent lasting.. | 17 years |
| A drug patent means, | no other company can manufacture or market an identical drug |
| Scored | a tablet that has an indented line running across the top |
| Effervescent | A tablet designed to dissolve in a glass of water before being swallowed |
| Enteric | tablet covered w/ a special coating that prevents stomach upset |
| An enteric coated ASA | Ectorin |
| Classifications of ASA | Non-narcotic analgesic Non-steroidal anit-inflammatory drug (NSAID) Antipyretic Anticoagulant |
| Medications that disintegrate slowly into a liquid for that releases the drug topically in the mouth & throat | Lozenge, troche, pastille |
| A liquid w/ a watery consistency | aqueos |
| A thick liquid | viscous |
| A small bottle containing injectable medication w/ a rubber diaphragm at the bottle neck for needle insertion is | vial |
| A small slender glass container w/ a narrow neck which means houses injectable liquids | ampule (amp) |
| Liquid medication that contain alcohol(ETOH) | Elixirs (elix) or tinctures |
| Liquid medications that contain no alcohol (ETOH) | Syrup |
| Fat gobules dispersed throughout a water base is.. | emulsion |
| Drug particles dispersed throughout a thickened water based is | gel |
| Undissolved particles of a medication to be mixed w/ a liquid just before use is called | Suspension.. MUST SHAKE WELL |
| A method by which medications is dispensed | administered |
| Medication applied to the skin | topical (lotions, ointments(ung), creams) |
| Medication patch administered through the skin to the bloodstream | transdermal |
| PO or po or P.o | by mouth |
| SL | sublingual |
| inhalation (INH) | refers to breathing in |
| MDI | metered dose inhaler |
| Nebulizers | vaporizer |
| NPPV | Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation |
| EndoTracheal(ET) | within the trachea ( windpipe) |
| NG {ng} | nasogastric tube |
| Gastrostomy(Gtube) or jejunostomy (Jtube) | feeding tube |
| Rectal | Suppositories or enemas |
| Vaginal | suppostoires, creams, foams, douche |
| Perenteral (hypodermic) | intradermal(ID) ( withith the skin) |
| Common ID injections include | Mantoux, PPD, & tine |
| subQ | subcutaneous injections |
| Common medicine administered subq | insulin |
| IM or I.M | intramuscular injections |
| IV | intravenous injections |
| I.V.P | intravenous push ( bolus) |
| I.V.P.B | Intravenouse piggy back |
| Intra-articutar | refers to medication administered into joint |
| Intrathecal | refers to spinal medication |
| Intrathecal spinal medications include | epidural, or caudal |
| Movement of a drung from the site of administration into the bloodstream is .. | absorption |
| Most medications are detoxified by the.. | liver |
| Most medications are excreted by the.. | kidneys |
| The drugs main action for which it was perscribed by the physician is.. | therapeutic (beneficial) effect |
| Drug actions that are undesirable but not unexpected | side effects |
| Severe side effects are | adverse reactions |
| Poisonous effects of a drug are | toxic effects |
| An unusual or exggaterated allergic reation to a medication is called | anaphylaxis |
| Undesirable interaction of drungs is | incompatibility |
| A unique reaction to a medication is | idosycrasy |
| A drug that deactivates another drug is called an | antagonist |
| Two drug combining to produce an effect greater than the independent effect | synergism |
| An example of a beneficial drug synergistic effect | Tylenol (acetaminophen (APAP) & codine More analgesic effect than either have separately |
| An example of undesirable synergistic effect the combination of | antihitimine & alcohol ( nyquil) |
| Ml | milliliter |
| Ml is equal to | cubi centimeter |
| L or l | liter 1L = 1000mL |
| mg | milligram |
| g { gm, Gm} | gram |
| Addiction | physical or physcological dependence on a drug, high tollerance, whitdrawl symptoms |
| Anorexiants | medication used to treat obesity ( appetitie suppresants |
| Antineoplastics | Medication used to treat maignancies (chemotherapy) |
| Antiseptics | Medication used to inhibit the growth of microorganisms |
| Bacteriostatic | inhibiting the growth of bacteria |
| Bore | inside diamter of a needle (>#gauge; size of needle |
| Butterfly needle | A small intravenous needle with plastic wings |
| contraindication | reasos why amedication should not be administered |
| Disinfectants | agents used to kill microorganisms |
| Insulin is measured in units | Heparin, Vitamins, Inj. penicillin (PCN) |
| maintenance doses | Periodic doses of a drug to maintain TI level |
| Miotics | Medications used to consrtict the pupil (miosis) |
| Mydriactics | Medications used to dilate the pupil (mydrisis) |
| Peak level | Blood test to indicate the highest serum level of a drug |
| Prophylactics | Medication used to prevent an occurance ex. BCPs, or OCPS, Antibiotics, Vaccines |
| Protocal | Standardized written plan of treatment |
| titration (titrate) | determining smallest dosage that will produce a therapeutic effect |
| Vasodialation ( Hypotension) | Medication used to increase the size of the blood vessels |
| Vasopressors ( Hypertension ) | vasoconstriction decease blood vessel in size |
| mcg {ug} | microgram |
| kg | kilogram 1kilo = 1000g or 2.2lb |
| M | meter |
| cm | centimeter |
| inch ./i | inch 1 = 2.54 cm |
| 1000 mg | 1g |
| 1000mL | 1l |
| 1000mm | 1m |
| x | ten |
| oz | ounce= 30mL |
| Tbsp | tablespoon=15mL |
| gt | one drop |
| gtt | drops |
Created by:
kpink0211
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