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Med Language Ch. 15
Turley - Ophthalmology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| lacrim/o- | tears |
| blephar/o- | eyelid |
| opt/o- | eye |
| orbit | bony eye socket |
| caruncle | red, triangular tissue at the medial corner of the eye where the eyelids meet |
| iris | colored pat of the eye surrounding the pupil |
| sclera | tough, fibrous connective tissue that forms a continuous outer layer around the eye (white and opaque)(doesn't cover front of eye) |
| conjunctiva | delicate, transparent mucous membrane the covers the insides of the eyelids and anterior surface of the eye |
| choroid | a spongy membrane of blood vessels that is part of the internal structure of the ey |
| ciliary body | extension of the choroid that attaches to suspensory ligaments that hold the lens in place behind the iris |
| miosis | process which contracts the muscles of the iris to contract and decrease the diameter of the pupil |
| cornea | a transparent layer across the anterior of the eye (similar to sclera but clear) |
| lens | clear, flexible disc behind the pupil. It changes shapes to allow for focusing on nearer or farther objects |
| aqueous humor | clear fluid that is produced continuously by the ciliary body which carries nutrients and oxygen ot the cornea and lens. |
| anterior chamber | a small space between the cornea and iris, filled with aqueous humor |
| posterior chamber | a narrow space posterior to the iris, filled with aqueous humor |
| posterior cavity | largest space in the eye,lies between behind the lens and the back of the eye, filled with vitreous humor |
| retina | thin layer of tissue that lines the curved wall of the posterior cavity (also fundus)fovea |
| optic disk | where the optic nerve enters the eye (blind spot) |
| macula | dark yellow orange area |
| fovea | a small depression in the center of the macula |
| rods | eye cells sensitive in all levels of light detecting only black and white |
| cones | sensitive only to color and require higher light levels than the rods |
| optic chiasm | where the right and left optic nerve cross and merge allowing for stereoscopic vision |
| uvea | collective term for the iris, choroid and ciliary body |
| conjunctivitis | inflamed, reddended and swollen conjunctiva with dilated blood vessels in the sclera |
| blepharoptosis | drooping of the upper eyelid |
| hordeolum | stye;red painful swelling or a pimple containing pus on the eyelid |
| dacry/o- | lacrimal sac; tears |
| xerophthalmia | insufficient production of tears |
| cataract | clouding of the lens |
| corneal abrasion | damage to the most superficial layer of the cornea due to trauma or repetitive irritation |
| anisocoria | unequal size of pupils |
| glaucoma | increased intra-ocular pressure because the aqueous humor cannot circulate freely |
| photophobia | abnormal sensitivy to light |
| presbyopia | loss of flexibility of the eye with blurry near vision and loss of accomodation, due to againg |
| aphakia | lens of the eye has been surgically removed |
| diabetic retinopathy | chronic progressive condition of the retina in which new, fragile blood vessels form in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus |
| macular degeneration | chronic progressive loss of central vision as the macula degenerates |
| retinal detachment | separation of the retina from the choroid layer (from trauma, or gradually with aging) |
| nystagmus | involuntary rhythmic motion of the eye |
| strabismus | deviation of one or both eyes medially or laterally |
| esotropia | strabismus with medial deviation |
| exotropia | strabismus with lateral deviation |
| hyperopia | far-sightedness |
| astigmatism | surface of the cornea is curved more steeply in one area, causing no single point of focus |
| myopia | near-sightedness |
| -opia | condition of vision |
| amblyopia | lazy eye(the brain ignores the visual image from an eye with strabismus or unfocused or cloudy vision) |
| diplopia | double vision |
| tonometry | test to detect intraocular pressure |
| ton/o- | pressure |
Created by:
mhood@harpercollege.edu
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