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Med Language Ch. 9
Turley- Orthopedics - Muscular System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| voluntary | done of one's own free will |
| muscul/o- | muscle |
| tendon | attaches bones to muscles |
| bursa | thin sac of synovial membrane filled with synovial fluid (reduces friction where tendons rub on bones) |
| fascia | a thin connective tissue that wraps a muscle and joins with the tendon |
| origin | beginning of a muscle where its tendon is attached to a stationary or nearly stationary bone |
| insertion | ending of a muscle where its tendon is attached to the bone that moves when the muscle contracts |
| extension | straightening and extending a joint |
| flexion | bending a joint to decrease the angle between two bones or two body parts |
| fascia | a thin connective tissue that wraps a muscle and joins with the tendon |
| origin | beginning of a muscle where its tendon is attached to a stationary or nearly stationary bone |
| insertion | ending of a muscle where its tendon is attached to the bone that moves when the muscle contracts |
| extension | straightening and extending a joint |
| flexion | bending a joint to decrease the angle between two bones or two body parts |
| abduction | moving a body part away from the midline |
| adduction | moving a body part toward the midline of the body |
| rotation | moving a body part around its axis |
| supination | turning the palm of the hand anteriorly or upward |
| pronation | turning the palm of the hand posteriorly or downward |
| eversion | turning a body part outward and toward the side |
| inversion | turing a body part inward |
| inter- | between |
| costal | pertaining to the rib |
| thenar | pertaining to the thumb |
| -trophy | process of development |
| hyper- | above; more than normal |
| hypertrophy | greater than normal development (increase in size) |
| neurotransmitter | chemical messenger between a nerve cell and a muscle fiber |
| atrophy | loss of (muscle) bulk (muscle wasting) |
| avulsion | condition in which muscle tears away from the tendon or the tendon tears away from the bone |
| contracture | when an arm or leg becomes progressively flexed due to inactivity or paralysis |
| torticollis | twisted position/condition of the neck |
| compartment syndrome | result of severe blunt or crushing injury that causes bleeding into a muscle fascia which can cause muscle and nerve damage and tissue death |
| muscular dystrophy | an inherited genetic disease which causes progressive muscular weakness and atrophy |
| -algia | pain |
| my/o- | muscle |
| myalgia | muscle pain |
| -ptosis | drooping |
| myositis | inflammation of a muscle |
| myopathy | disease of muscle |
| ataxia | incoordination of the muscles during movement, |
| tremor | small, involuntary, jerky, back and forth movements of the hands, neck, jaw, or extremities |
| fasciitis | inflammation of the faxcia around a muscle |
| ganglion | semisolid or fluid filled cyst that develops on a tendon, often on the wrist, hand or foot |
Created by:
mhood@harpercollege.edu
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