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Med Language Ch. 5
Turley Cardiovascular system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cardi/o | heart |
| atrium | small upper chamber of the heart |
| apex | inferior tip of the heart |
| ventricle | large lower chamber of the heart |
| vascul/o | blood vessel |
| tricuspid valve | between the right atrium and right ventricle |
| pulmonary valve | between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk |
| mitral valve | between the left atrium and left ventricle |
| aortic valvre | between the left ventricle and the aorta |
| myocardium | the muscular layer of the heart |
| my/o | muscle |
| pericardium | membrane surrounding the heart |
| endocardium | innermost layer of cells lining the heart |
| endo- | innermost |
| -ole | small thing |
| arteri/o | artery |
| viscer/o | large internal organ |
| vas/o | blood vessel |
| lumen | central opening |
| ven/o | vein |
| -ule | small thing |
| capill/o | hairlike structure |
| capillary | smallest blood vessel in the body |
| aorta | largest artery in the body |
| axilla | under arm |
| brachi/o | arm |
| iliac | pertaining to the hip bone |
| femoral | pertaining to the thigh bone |
| popliteal | back of the knee (pertaining to) |
| vena cavae | two major veins of the body which return deoxygenated blood to the heart |
| portal vein | carries blood from the intestines to the liver (to be filtered) |
| neonatology | study of the newborn |
| diastole | resting period between contractions |
| systole | contraction of the atria or ventricles |
| great vessels | collective term for the aorta, inferior vena cava, superior vena cava,pulmonary trunk, pulmonary arteries, and pulmonary veins |
| vasoconstriction | constriction of smooth muscle in the wall of a blood vessel that causes it to become smaller in diameter |
| vasoldilation | relaxation of smooth muscle in the wall of a blood vessel that causes it to become larger in diameter |
| pulse | the bulging of an artery walll from blood pumped by the heart |
| sin/o | hollow cavity; channel |
| -megaly | enlargement |
| angina pectoris | mild to severe chest pain caused by ischemia of the myocardium |
| isch/o | keep back; block |
| -emia | condition of the blood |
| ischemia | lack of blood flow to an organ or body part |
| cardiomyopathy | any disease condition of the heart that incluces enlargement and heart failure |
| myocardial infarction (MI) | death of myocardial cells due to severe ischemia |
| mitral valve prolapse | structural abnormality in which the leaflets of the mitral valve do not close tightly |
| patent foramen ovale | the foramen ovale fails to close |
| brady- | slow |
| fibrillation | arrhythmia in which there is a very fast , uncoordinated quivering of the myocardium (atria or ventricles) |
| tachy- | fast |
| asystole | complete absence of a heart beat |
| palpitation | uncomfortable feeling in the chest during a premature contraction of the heart |
| aneurysm | area of dilation and weakness in the wall of an artery |
| arteriosclerosis | progressive degenerative changes that produce a narrowed, hardened artery. |
| atherosclerosis | fatty plaque deposits on arterial walls causing narrowing of the vessel lumen |
| bruit | a harsh rushing sound made by blood passing through an artery narrowed and roughened by atherosclerosis. Can be heard by stethoscope. |
| Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) | arteriosclerosis of the coronary arteries |
| hyperlipidemia | elevated levels of lipids (fats) in the blood |
| hypertension (HTN) | elevated blood pressure |
| hypotension | lower than normal blood pressure |
| peripheral artery disease (PAD) | atherosclerosis of the arteries in the legs |
| phleb/o | vein |
| phlebitis | inflammation of a vein |
| peripheral vascular disease (PVD) | any disease of the arteries of the extremities |
| varicose veins | damaged or incompetent valves in a vein |
| Holter monitor | procedure during which the patient's heart rate is and rhythm are continuously monitored as an outpatient for 24 hours |
| telemetry | procedure to monitor a patient's hear rate and rhythm in the hospital |
| pharmacologic stress test | test performed in patients who cannot exercise vigorously to test the heart's response to stress |
| electrocardiography (ECG, EKG) | a recording of the electrical activity of the heart |
| cardioversion | procedure to treat an arrhythmia that cannot be treated with antharrhythmic drugs |
| carotid endarterectomy | procedure to remove plaque from an occluded carotid artery |
| coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) | procedure to bypass an occluded coronary artery and restore blood flow to the myocardium |
| percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) | procedure to recontsruct an artery that is narrowed because of atherosclerosis |
Created by:
mhood@harpercollege.edu
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