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Med Language Ch 3
Turley-Gastoenterology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| mastication | chewing |
| deglutition | swallowing |
| lingu/o | tongue |
| labi/o | lip |
| mesial | nearer to midline |
| pharynx | throat |
| trachea | windpipe |
| esophagus | muscular tube extending from the pharynx to the stomach |
| peristalsis | the involuntary, progressive rhythmic contraction of the muscles of gastrointestinal organs propelling a bolus of food through the system |
| fundus | upper portion of stomach |
| rugae | folds in the mucous membrane of the stomach |
| sphincter | ring of muscle |
| duodenum | first section of the small bowel about 1 foot long |
| jejunum | second part of the small bowel about 8 feet long |
| ileum | third part of the small bowel about 11 feet long |
| cecum | a pouch attaching the ileum to the ascending colon; appendix hangs from this part |
| large intestine or colon | part of the GI tract that absorbs the majority of the water from the waste material |
| defecation | the expulsion or passage of feces |
| feces | solid human waste;stool |
| appendix | blind pouch hanging from the cecum |
| digestion | breakdown of complex foods to simper forms |
| gallbladder | small sace under the liver;stores bile |
| bile | digestive juice made in the liver; breaks up large fat globules |
| bowel | intestine |
| portal vein | large vein bringing blood to the liver from the intestines |
| bucc/o | cheek |
| celi/o | belly, abdomen |
| cheil/o | lip |
| choledoch/o | common bile duct |
| dent/i | tooth |
| gastr/o | stomach |
| hepat/o | liver |
| gloss/o | tongue |
| gingiv/o | gums |
| or/o | mouth |
| lapar/o | abdomen |
| odont/o | toothe |
| proct/o | anus and rectum |
| sialaden/o | salivary gland |
| amyl/o | starch |
| chol/e | gall, bile |
| gluc/o | sugar |
| lip/o | fat, lipid |
| lith/o | stone |
| sial/o | saliva, salivary |
| steat/o | fat |
| -ase | enzyme |
| -chezia | defecation, elimation of wastes |
| -iasis | abnormal condition |
| -prandial | meal |
| ascites | abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen |
| anorexia | lack of appetite |
| borborygmus | rumbling or gurling noise made by the movement of gas, fluids or both in the GI tract |
| dysphagia | difficulty in swallowing |
| flatus | gas expelled through the anus |
| melena | black tarry stools; feces containing digested blood |
| steatorrhea | fat in the feces |
| eructation | gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth - "burp" |
| constipation | difficulty in passing stools |
| jaundice | yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of eyes due to high levels of bilirubin in the blood |
| diarrhea | frequent passage of loose, watery stools |
| hernia | protrusion of an organ or part through the muscle normally containing it |
| polyp | benign growth |
| fistula | a permanent abnormal passageway between two organs in the body or between an organ and the exterior of the body |
| diverticulosis | abnormal outpouchings in the intestinal wall |
| diverticulitis | when one or more diverticula become inflamed or infected. |
| intussusception | telescoping of the intestines |
| volvulus | twisting of the intestine on itself |
| cirrhosis | chronic degenerative disease of the liver |
| hemorrhoids | are swollen and inflamed veins in the anus and lower rectum |
Created by:
mhood@harpercollege.edu
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