Gastrointestinal System
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| drug that neutralizes hydrochloric acid in the stomach | antacid
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| slows intestinal motility and slows production of stomach acid | anticholinergic
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| slows intestinal motility helping to produce formed stools | antidiarrheal
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| prevents or relieves nausea and vomiting | antiemetic
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| What can form in the kidneys and damage them if you are taking Septra and don't have enough fluid intake? | crystals
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| flexible tube used to view inside the body | Endoscope
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| What color is normal urine? | pale yellow, straw colored
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| What are the five steps in the GI process? | breaking up food, transporting food, secreting digestive enzymes, absorbing nutrients, excreting solid waste products
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| Eructation | burping
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| Where is bile produced? | Liver
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| What is food mixed with gastric juices called? | chyme
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| What drug class causes vomiting? | Emetic
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| Medical term for vomiting? | emesis
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| First portion of the small intestine? | duodenum
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| Where is bile stored? | gall bladder
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| What leads from the mouth to the stomach? | esophagus
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| What two things does an astringent do to swollen tissues? | shrinks, dries
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| What is the liver disease characterized by degeneration and destruction of liver cells? | cirrhosis
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| Another name for the large intestine | colon
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| What organ secretes digestive enzymes that empty into the duodenum? | pancreas
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| If you were constipated what class of medication might you take? | Laxative
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| What is the bodily fluid that helps begin to breakdown certain sugars? | saliva
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| Class of drug that relieves gassiness and bloating. | antiflatulent
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| Digestive juice produced by liver and stored in gall bladder. | bile
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| Distal or far end of the large intestine. | rectum
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| What is dyspepsia? | indigestion
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| Inflammation of the liver. | hepatitis
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| Gas in the stomach and intestines | flatulence
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| Solid waste from food digestion. | feces
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| Chronic nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease affecting ileum, jejumum and colon. | Chrohn's disease
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| Greasy foods and coffee cause this in some people. | diarrhea
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| As you swallow, what closes to prevent food from entering the lungs? | epiglottis
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| What type of movement helps to push food down into the stomach? | peristalsis
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| What nervous system controls function of the digestive system? | Autonomic
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| What organ of the body stores nutrients, removes waste products, produces clotting substances and helps with the immune system? | liver
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| About how long is the small intestine? | 20 feet
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| The part of the small intestine closest to the stomach is the what? | duodenum
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| What are the tiny fingerlike projections that line the small intestine? | villi
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| What is one of the main functions of the small intestines? | absorb nutrients
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| An open sore in the lining of the stomach is called an __________. | ulcer
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| Disease of the colon and rectum characterized by inflammation and ulceration. | ulcerative colitis
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| Surgically produced opening in the abdomen. | stoma
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| The three section of the small intestine are: | duodenum, jejunum, ileum
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| Medical term referring to digestion in the stomach. | peptic
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| A substance that assists in digestion or chemical change. | enzyme
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| If intestinal motility is too fast what type of stool might you have? | diarrhea
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| True or false, intestinal motility is influenced by emotions, the nervous system and the presence of infection. | True
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| Medications for the gastrointestinal system are always given with food, true or false? | False
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| What is reversal of peristalsis? | emesis
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| Does the large intestine absorb mostly nutrients or water? | water
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| Large swollen, itching veins around an anal opening that sometimes result from straining are called. | hemorrhoids
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| Stool that contains blood from the digestive system may appear to be what? | black and tarry
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| Emesis containing blood may appear to look somewhat like what. | coffee grounds
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| An abdominal infection that causes serious inflammation and requires emergency surgery is: | peritonitis
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| About how many quarts will the stomach expand to hold? | 2
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| On the average, how many hours is food held in the stomach? | 3
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| What is another name for the large intestine? | colon
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| About how many feet long is the colon? | 5
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| What is another term for heartburn? | hyperacidity
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| This condition may be caused by slow movement of the intestine, lack of fiber and fluids, psychological factors, lack of physical activity, or hardened feces. | constipation
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| What class of medications would be used for a constipated person? | laxitives
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| Loose stools caused by intestistinal infection, stress, food allergies or intolerance, medications and certain diseases is called: | diarrhea
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| True or false: Tooth and gum diseases such as gingivitis and trench mouth as well as tooth decay can lead to GI problems. | True
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| Inflammation of the stomach that can be caused by irritants is called: | gastritis
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| What is the bacteria that could cause an ulcer? | Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)
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| What class of drugs neutralize hydrochloric acid in the stomach? | Antacids
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| What class of drugs inhibit gastric acid secretion? | Histamine 2 receptor antagonists
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| What is the name of a group of symptons characterized by intermittent abdominal pain, changes in bowel patterns that seems to be related to food intolerance or or psychological factors | Irritable Bowel Syndrome
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| Condition where pouches develop and can become inflammed in the large intestine. | diverticulosis
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| Laxatives that stimulate peristalsis are classified as what type of laxatives? | stimulent
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| Laxatives that increase the bulk of the stool are classified as what type of laxative? | bulk
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| Laxatives that incorporate liquid in the bowel into the stool are want type of laxitive? | stool softener
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| Classification of drug given for intestinal parasites are what? | antihelmintics
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| Appetitite suppressants are classified as what type of drug? | anorexiants
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| True or False: Timing of many GI drugs is important and some drugs must be given before during or after mealtimes or they will not be useful. | True
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| What class of drug is simethicone (Mylicon)? | antiflatulent
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| What class of drug is dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)? | antiemetic
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| What class of drug is dicyclomine (Bentyl)? | antispasmotic
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| What class of drug is Lomotil? | antidiarrheal
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| What class of drug is biscodyl (Dulcolax)? | laxative
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| What class of drug is docusate sodium (Colace)? | laxative
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| What class of drug is ranitidine (Zantac)? | antiulcer
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| What class of drug are Previcid, Nexium, Protonix and Prilosec (given for ulcers)? | Proton Pump Inhibiters
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