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Health Ch 7

vocab

QuestionAnswer
nutrient compounds in food that the body requires for proper growth, maintenance and functioning.
nutrient deficiencies too little of one or more nutrients in the diet; a form of malnutrition.
malnutrition the results in the body of poor nutrition; under nutrition, overnutrition, or any nutritent.
undernutrition too little food energy or too few ntrients to prevent diseaseor to promote growth' a form of malnutrition.
overnutrition too much food energy or excess nutrients to the degree of causing disease or increasing risk of disease; a form of malnutrition.
carbohydrate nutrient that includes sugars, starch and fiber. All but fiber provide energy.
fat nutrient that does not mix with water. Known as lipids. Provides the most energy per gram.
protein nutrient that builds muscle tissue, supplies energy and is made of amino acids.
vitamins nutrient that has no energy but is needed for growth and proper functioning of the body.
minerals nutrient that comes for the elements of the earth (soil). essential for body tissue functions.
energy capacity to do work or produce heat.
glucose the body's blood sugar, a simple form of carbohydrate.`
fatty acids simple form of fat that supply energy fuel for most of the body's cells.
amino acids simple forms of protein normallly used to build tissues or under some conditions, burned for energy.
toxin a poison
calories units used to measure energy. Calories indicate how much energy in a food can be used by the body or stored inbody fat.
glycogen the form in which the liver and muscles store glucose.
hypothalamus a brain regulatory center.
balanced meal a meal with foods to provide the right amounts of carbs, fat and protein.
digestion the breaking down of foods into nutrients the body can use.
starch a carbohydrate. the main food energy source for human beings.
fiber indigestible substances in the foods made mostly of carbohydrate.
sugars carbohydrate found in both foods and in the body.
constipation hard, slow stools that are difficult to eliminate often a result of too lttle fiber in the diet.
hemorrhoids swollen, painful rectal veins often a result of constipation.
rectum the last part of the digestive tract,through which stools are eliminated.
empty calories foods that contribute much energy but too little of the nutrients.
saturated those fats associated with heart and artery disease, mainly fats from animal sources.
unsaturated fats less associated with heart and artery disease, mainly comes from plant sources.
polyunsaturated type of unsaturated fat.
cholesterol fat made by the body from saturated fat, animor part of fat in foods.
grams units of weight in which many nutrients are measured. 28grams equals 1 ounce.
essential amino acids amino acids taht are needed, but cannot be made by the body, they must be eaten in foods.
vegetarians people who omit meat, fish and poultry from their diets. Some may also omit milk products and eggs.
supplement a pill, powder, liquid or the like containing only nutrients, not a food.
deficiency too little of a nutrient in the body. Sever deficiencies cause disease.
fat-soluable able to dissolve in fat.
water-soluable able to dissolve in water.
night blindness slow recovery of vision after flashes of bright light at night. An early symptom of vit. A deficiency.
antioxidant a chemical that can stop the destructive chain reaction of free radicals.
beta-carotene an orange vegetable pigment thaht the body can change into the active form of vitamin A (antioxidant_
free radicals chemicals that harm the body's tissues by starting destructive chain reactions in the molecules of the body's cells. Such reactions are believed to trigger or worsen some diseases.
ostoporosis disease of dradual bone loss, which can criple people later in life.
anemia reduced number or size of red blood cells.
trace minerals minerals essential in nutrition, needed in small quantities daily.(zinc and iron)
electrolytes minerals that carry electrical charges that help maintain the body's fluid balance
salt compound made of minerals that in water dissolve and form electrolytes.
hypertension high blood pressure
urine fluid wastes removed from the body by the kidneys.
Created by: marymanville
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