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Unit 5
Human Reproduction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the internal part of the male reproduction responsible for? | the transportation, storing, and nourishment of sperm |
| What is the external part of the male reproduction responsible for? | the storing and releasing of sperm |
| What do the testes (testicles) do in the body? | produce sperm (100 million daily) and testosterone |
| What are the testes made of? | coiled tubules (seminiferous tubules) that hang outside the body in a loose pouch of skin covered with hair- scrotum |
| What are the semiferous tubules? | tubes are where sperm is made and stored |
| What does the scrotum do? | protects sperm by keeping temp. cooler than normal body temp. |
| What does the sperm passes out of the testes into? | epididymis |
| Where is the epididymis located? | on top of each testes, where sperm mature |
| What tube does the sperm pass into after going through the epididymis? | vas deferens |
| What do the vas deferens pass up and out of? | the scrotum, loops around bladder, pass seminal vesicle, prostate gland and bulbourethral glands |
| What does the vas deferens attach at? | the urethra |
| What is the urethra? | tube that passes through the penis to outside of body. |
| What do the seminal Vesicle, prostate and bulbourethral gland do? | secretes a milky fluid to carry the sperm- semen |
| What do urine and semen pass through? | the urethra, not at the same time |
| What does the penis do? | deliver sperm into the female’s vagina and remove urine from male |
| What is the penis made of? | soft tissue and blood vessels, tip of penis has glans and is covered by foreskin |
| What is it called when during sexual activity, the penis becomes erect? | erection- blood fills with blood |
| What is ejaculation? | sperm releases from penis after sexual excitement, or during sleep- nocturnal emissions (“wet dreams”) |
| How much sperm are released during 1 ejaculation in about 1 tsp? | 40-400 million |
| How much do sperm swim once ejaculated in female? | sperm swim about 1in per hour and live, for about 3 days |
| How much sperm only make the long journey to way to ovum in outer 1/3 of fallopian tube? | about 50-200 sperm |
| What is jock itch? | fungal infection, exposure to moisture and heat |
| What is Cystitis? | bladder infection (bacterial) |
| What is inguinal hernia? | abnormal bulge of portion of intestines in abdomen, groin or scrotum (surgery) |
| What are undescended testes? | born with testes still in abdomen |
| What is testicular cancer? | lumps on testes, younger men |
| What is prostate cancer? | gland enlargement, older men |
| What is the responsibility of the Female Reproductive System? | to make eggs and provide a place to support and nourish a developing baby -uterus |
| What is size 2 of ovaries? | almond |
| Where are the ovaries located? | on each side a few inches below waist |
| What do the ovaries do? | release estrogen and progesterone and produce mature egg cells |
| How many immature eggs are you born with? | 1-2 million |
| What process happens when 1 ripened egg releases every 28 days once puberty begins? | ovulation |
| When an egg has matured, what tube does fluid sweep it into? | fallopian tubes |
| What are the fallopian tubes? | 2 tubes that carry released egg from ovaries to uterus |
| If sperm are present what happens? | egg may be fertilized |
| fertilized or not, how many days does it take for egg to travel to uterus? | 5-7 days |
| What do the fallopian tubes lead into? | the uterus |
| What is the uterus (womb)? | a hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ that provides a place for fertilized egg to develop into a baby and has a rich blood supply and many layers of skin, to protect baby |
| Where is the uterus located? | between 2 ovaries |
| What is the lower end of uterus that bulges down into vagina? | cervix |
| What does the cervix do? | expands to allow baby to exit |
| What is the vagina? | muscular, hollow tube leads from uterus to outside of the body and is a place where sperm are deposited |
| What does the vagina do? | allows menstrual flow to exit body |
| What is the urethra? | place where urine leaves the body |
| What is the Menstrual Cycle? | a combination of hormonal and physical change changes |
| What do FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) AND LH (leutenizing hormone) do? | cause maturation and release of egg, from ovary- ovulation |
| What does the uterine lining (endometrium) do? | thickens, expecting a fertilized egg- if not fertilized, hormones drop (estrogen) |
| What happens in days I-5 of the 28 day cycle? | menstruation |
| What happens in days 6-12 of the 28 day cycle? | FSH and estrogen, mature new egg |
| What happens in days13-14 of the 28 day cycle? | ovulation, mature egg released by ovary and travels to fallopian tube (woman are most fertile) |
| What happens if egg isn’t fertile when it reaches uterus endometrium? | egg breaks down and leaves body |
| What happens in days 15-28 of the 28 day cycle? | progesterone shouts out before day 28 |
| What are Menstrual Cramps? | Usually present on first day or two, uterus is contracting to push out egg, cells and blood |
| What is Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)? | Experienced by some woman right before their period, mood swings, progesterone plays a big part (might feel crabby and face may break out) |
| What is Vaginitis? | infection in vagina, vaginal secretions may have unusual color, smell |
| What is Endometriosis? | tissue growing outside of uterus causing severe cramps |
| What is Toxic Shock Syndrome? | rare but dangerous bacterial infection, associated with highly absorbent tampons, to prevent infection, change tampons every 4-6 hours |
| What is an Ovarian Cyst? | follicle in ovary fails to rupture and release egg |
| What is Cervical Cancer? | Abnormal division of cells in cervix, may result from STD’s |
| When only 1 sperm fertilizes an egg what happens? | genetic material combine to form 1 cell- zygote |
| How long does it take for the zygote to travel towards the uterus? | about 3-5 days |
| When egg comes to rest on thick lining of uterus what does it do? | begins to burrow into the lining- implantation |
| What is a Fetus? | a developing human, from the start of the ninth week of pregnancy until delivery |
| What is an Embryo? | a developing human, from fertilization through the first 8 weeks of development |
| What is ectopic pregnancy? | fertilized egg implants itself in fallopian tubes. Embryo may die and frequently must be surgically removed |
| What is a miscarriage? | death of fetus from natural complications before 20th week of pregnancy |
| What is toxemia? | pregnant woman has high blood pressure, swelling and protein in urine. If untreated, can result in complications to mother and infant. |
| What is a premature birth? | early birth due to abnormal uterus, bleeding behind placenta, STD, other causes |
| When is a cesarean section performed? | when delivery through the birth canal is considered to be risky for any reason. |
| What is a cesarean section? | An incision made through the abdomen and uterus to lift the baby out of the mother |
| What is the calendar Method? | a way to keep track of menstrual cycle for a period of time. Determine the shortest cycle (Subtract 18) and longest cycle (subtract 11)- is range of time in between is the fertile period |
| What is the temperature method? | get a basal thermometer at the pharmacy, measures in 10ths of degrees) take oral temperature each morning upon wakening, don't raise up, drink water, or get out of bed Graph temps. on a special graph just before ovulation, temps. drops |
| What is cervical mucus reading? | All woman have vaginal discharge that is cloudy and sticky 2-3 days before ovulation, On day of ovulation, discharge is clear and watery, consistency of an uncooked egg white - clear for 24 hours, then returns to cloudy and sticky |
Created by:
dwigmans13
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