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EXPRESSIVE TECHNIQUE
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Multiphonics | Two or more pitches produced simultaneously on an instrument that normally produces one note at a time. |
| How to identify Multiphonics in a score exerpt | Look for several noteheads on one stem or the instruction multiphonic. |
| Flutter tonguing | A wind or brass technique producing a rapid, trembling sound with the tongue or throat. |
| How to identify Flutter tonguing in a score exerpt | Look for flutter tongue, flz., frull. or tremolo-like markings. |
| Ghost notes | Very soft, lightly articulated notes that provide rhythmic detail. |
| How to identify Ghost notes in a score exerpt | Look for bracketed or cross-shaped noteheads, or notes marked extremely softly. |
| Staccato | Notes performed short and detached. |
| How to identify Staccato in a score exerpt | Look for dots above or below the notes. |
| Legato | Notes performed smoothly and connected. |
| How to identify Legato in a score exerpt | Look for a curved slur over a group of notes or the word legato. |
| Tenuto | A note held for its full value, sometimes with slight emphasis. |
| How to identify Tenuto in a score exerpt | Look for a short horizontal line above or below the note. |
| Fingerpicking | Playing individual guitar strings using the fingers rather than a pick. |
| How to identify Fingerpicking in a score exerpt | Look for fingerstyle, fingerpicking or right-hand labels p, i, m and a. |
| Arco | An instruction for a string player to use the bow. |
| How to identify Arco in a score exerpt | Look for arco, usually following a pizzicato passage. |
| Pizzicato | Plucking the strings of a normally bowed string instrument. |
| How to identify Pizzicato in a score exerpt | Look for pizz. or pizzicato. |
| Palm muting | Resting the side of the hand lightly on guitar strings to create a short, muted sound. |
| How to identify Palm muting in a score exerpt | Look for P.M. with a dashed line above guitar notes or tablature. |
| Con sordino | Perform with a mute. |
| How to identify Con sordino in a score exerpt | Look for con sord., con sordino or muted. |
| Senza sordino | Perform without a mute. |
| How to identify Senza sordino in a score exerpt | Look for senza sord., senza sordino or open after a muted section. |