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health vocab unit 8
for quiz next tuesday
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| nutrient | a substance in foods that the body needs to regulate bodily functions, promote growth, and obtain energy |
| metabolism | the chemical process by which the body breaks down food to release energy |
| calorie | unit for the amount of energy released when nutrients are broken down |
| carbohydrate | a nutrient made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and that supplies energy |
| fiber | complex carbohydrate found in plants; prevents constipation, colon caner, and heart disease |
| fat | a nutrient made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; supplies energy, forms cells, maintains body temperature, and protects nerves |
| unsaturated fat | a fat with at least one unsaturated bond in a place where hydrogen can be added to the molecule |
| saturated fat | a fat has all the hydrogen the carbon atoms can hold |
| cholesterol | a waxy, fatlike substance that is found in only animal products |
| trans fat | the type of fat produced when manufacturers add hydrogen to the fat molecules in vegetable oils |
| protein | a nutrient that contains nitrogen ans well as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; needed for the growth and repair of body tissues |
| amino acid | small units that are bound together chemically to form proteins |
| vitamin | a nutrient that is made by living things, is required in small amounts, and assists in chemical reactions in the body |
| antioxidant | a vitamin that helps protect healthy cells from the damage caused by the poor aging process as well as from certain types of cancer |
| mineral | a nutrient that occurs naturally in rocks or soil; needed by the body in small amounts |
| anemia | a condition in which the red blood cells do not contain enough hemoglobin |
| homeostasis | the process of maintaining a steady state inside the body |
| electrolyte | a dissolved substance that regulates many processes in cells |
| dehydration | a serious reduction in the body's water content |
| dietary guidelines for americans | a document developed by nutrition experts to promote health and to help people reduce their risk for heart disease, cancer, and diabetes through diet and physical activity |
| nutrient-dense food | a food that contains lots of vitamins and minerals relative to the number of calories, but is low in saturated fats, trans fats, added sugar, and salt. |
| mypyramid plan | a plan that groups food according to types and indicates how much each type should be eaten daily for a healthy diet |
Created by:
lesley_j
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