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Medical Definitions
NHA study material
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abduction | movement of body part away from the midline of the body |
| Adduction | movement of body part towards the midline of the body |
| ADLs Adaptive devices | wheelchairs, canes, prosthetic device |
| Aneurysm | bulge or ballloning in the wall of a blood vessel. Most common areas are in the brain or abdominal aorta |
| Aphasia | disorder that results from damage to portions of the brain that are responsible for language. Affects a person's ability to communicate |
| Atrophy | Wasting away of muscle |
| Autonomy | Freedom to work in healthcare and manage minor incidents that may arise based on experience |
| Axilla | armpit |
| Beneficence | To prevent harm |
| Bradycardia | slow heart rate |
| Care Plan | guide about the care a person should receive |
| contraindicated | not to receive treatment |
| cyanosis | bluish color of skin 2/2 lack of oxygen |
| Decubitus ulcer | bed sore caused by pressure (pressure ulcer) |
| Cystitis | inflammation of the bladder |
| Debriding wound(debridement) | removes dead or unhealthy tissue from a wound |
| diaphoresis | sweating, a symptom from a disease or side effect of medicine |
| dysphagia | difficulty swallowing resulting from brain disease/damage |
| dyspnea | difficult or labored breathing |
| dysuria | pain with urination |
| ecchymosis | discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, typically caused b bruising |
| edematous/edema | abnormally swollen with fluid |
| emesis | process of vomiting |
| epistaxis | nosebleed |
| exudate | fluid that leaks out of blood vessels into nearby tissues |
| hematuria | blood in the urine |
| hemiplegia | paralysis of the muscles of the lower face, arm, and leg on one side of the body |
| hemoconcentration | increased concentration of larger molecules and formed elements |
| hemolysis | breaking down of red blood cells |
| hematoma | a pool of mostly clotted blood that forms in an organ, tissue, or body space |
| holter monitor | portable ECG device that records electrical activity. It is worn continuously for a period of time while at home |
| Hospice Care | focuses on the care, comfort, and quality of life of a person with a serious illness who is approaching the end of life |
| hyperglycemia | high blood glucose in the blood |
| hypoglycemia | low blood glucose in the blood |
| impermeable | not allowing fluid to pass through |
| Incentive Spirometry | used in post surgical patients to prevent respiratory complications |
| Jackson-Pratt Drain (JP Drain) | surgical suction drain that gently daws fluid from a wound to help someone recover surgery |
| Kelly Forceps | used during surgery or childbirth to clamp blood vessels |
| Malfeasance | wrongdoing |
| Myalgia | Muscle pain |
| Myocardial Infarction (MI) | heart attack |
| Neutorpenic | too fe neutrophils(type of WBC) in blood. |
| Oliguria | production of abnormally small amounts of urine |
| Ombudsman | person who looks out for the rights of others |
| Ostealgia | Bone pain |
| Penrose Drain | soft, flat, flexible tube made of latex that lets blood and other fluids move out of the area of a sugical site. |
| Perspiration | process of sweating |
| Pertussis | whooping cough |
| Polyuria | production of abnormally large volumes of urine |
| postprandial | occuring after a meal |
| purulent drainage | thick, milky fluid oozes from a would that isn't healing properly. This is a symptom of infection |
| Pustule | small blister or pimple on skin containing pus |
| Reverse isolation(protectve) | used to protect a patient from germs when their immune system is not working properly. Requires a private room |
| Rigor Mortis | stiffening of the joints/muscles of a body a few hours after death |
| Sanguineous drainage | leakage of fresh bright red blood produced by an open wound |
| Scabies | an infestation of the skin by the human itch mite. contct precautions |
| Sentinel event | patient safety event resulting in death or serious harm. Must be reported to the Joint Commission |
| Sero-sanguineous drainage | combination of serous fluid and blood. It's usually a light pink to red color. |
| Shunt | hollow tube surgically placed in the brain or spine to help drain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and redirect it to another location in the body where it can be reabsorbed. |
| Sphygmomanometer | an instrument for measuring blood pressure. |
| Tachycardia | fast heart rate. |
| Tachypnea | abnormally rapid breathing |
| Thrombophlebitis | an inflammatory process that causes a blood clot to form and block one or more veins, usually in the legs. |
| Vesicle (blister) | a thin-walled sac filled with a fluid, usually clear and small. |
| Xeroderma | extreme dryness of the skin. |
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