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Criminology Exam I
| question/term | answer/definition |
|---|---|
| what is criminology? | the scientific study of the nature, extent, cause and control of criminal behavior (interdisciplinary field) |
| what do criminologists do? | seeks to develop valid and reliable measures of criminal behavior, studies law and the legal system, develops theories of crime causation, assists in the identification of offenders, and seeks to prevent crime |
| what is positivist criminology? | seeks to understand the causes of criminal behavior through scientific methods, emphasizes the influence of external factors like biology, psychology, and social conditions, rather than focusing solely on the individual's choice to commit a crime |
| what is classical criminology? | a theory that focuses on the idea that people have free will and make rational choices. It emphasizes that punishments should be swift, certain, and proportionate to deter crime effectively |
| who is the father of criminology? | Cesare Lombrosso |
| which criminologist is associated with the classical school of criminology? | Beccaria is the main criminologist linked with the classical school of criminology |
| what are the basic ideas and contributions of Lombrosso? | Born Criminal Theory: biologically determined Atavism: Criminals are evolutionary throwbacks Physical Stigmata: Identifying criminals through specific physical characteristics. Types of Criminals: Categorizing born, occasional, and passionate criminals |
| what is the consensus view of crime? | |
| what is the conflict view of crime? | |
| what is the interactionist view of crime? | |
| what is common law? | |
| when and where did common law come from? | |
| what are the goals of criminal law? | |
| what are the exceptions to criminal intent? | mmmm |
| what is atavism? | |
| what is crime? | |
| what is criminal intent? | |
| what is delinquency? | |
| what is deviance? | |
| what is a felony? | |
| what is a misdemeanor? | |
| what is money laundering? | |
| what is penology? | |
| what is phrenology? | |
| what is a predicate act? | |
| what is a status offense? | |
| what is structuring? | |
| what is utilitarianism? | |
| what is hedonism? | |
| what is victimology? | |
| what is the Uniform Crime Report? | |
| what are the criteria for type I offenses and what are the offenses? | |
| what offenses are classified as violent crimes? | |
| what offenses are classified as property crimes? | |
| what are problems with official statistics? | ,,,,, |
| what is a victimization survey? | mmmmm |
| what is the NCVS? | |
| what is a self-reported study? | ...... |
| what do the results from a self-reported study reveal about crime? | |
| what are the problems associated with a self-reported study? | |
| what are the trends in UCR and victimization rates? | |
| what is the relationship between social class and crime? | |
| what is the relationship between age and crime? | |
| why does offending decline with age? | |
| what were the methods of the PA Cohort studies? | |
| what were the findings of the PA Cohort studies? | |
| who is Marvin Wolfgang? | |
| what is aggravated assault? | |
| what is arson? | |
| what is burglary? | |
| what are chronic offenders? | penis |
| what is the dark figure? | |
| what is the desistance phenomenon? | |
| what is larceny theft? | |
| what is the liberation hypothesis? | |
| what is rape? | |
| what is robbery? | |
| what is motor-vehicle theft? | |
| what is murder? | |
| what is non-negligent manslaughter? | |
| what is a subculture of violence? | |
| how was the victim traditionally viewed by criminologists? | |
| what is the difference between blame and cause? | |
| what is the social ecology of victimization? | |
| what are victim characteristics? | |
| what is victim precipitation? | |
| what does routine activities theory say about the nature of crime? | |
| what are the three key variables in routine activities theory? | |
| who developed the routine activities theory? | |
| what is active precipitation? | |
| what is blaming the victim? | |
| what is passive precipitation? | |
| what is victim deification? | |
| what is victim vilification? |
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v-lucas
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