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Disease review
The communicable and noncommunicable diseases we have studied
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the five (5) pathogens we learned about? | Bacteria, fungi, protozoans, rickettsias, viruses |
| Give an example of a vector that may transmit disease. | Fly, tick, mosquito, rabid animal, etc. |
| The common cold and the flu are both ___________ infections. | viral |
| What is a network of cells, tissues, organs, and chemicals that fights off pathogens? | The immune system |
| The __________________ response is a reaction to tissue damage caused by injury or infection. | inflammatory |
| Skin, mucous membranes, and cilia are examples of ________________ ___________________ within the immune system. | physical barriers |
| What are the two types of lymphocytes? | T cells and B cells |
| Is being vaccinated against a disease an example of active immunity or passive immunity? | Active |
| The most common communicable diseases affect the __________________ ___________. | respiratory tract |
| A symptom of Hepatitis A is jaundice. What is jaundice? | Yellowing of the skin and eyes |
| Within what time frame are emerging infections measured? In other words, emerging infections are those that have increased in the past ________________. | Two decades/20 years |
| Many people with STDs are asymptomatic. Why is that potentially dangerous? | They may not realize they are infected, change their behavior, seek treatment, or think they are contagious anymore. |
| What is the ONLY 100% effective method for preventing sexually-transmitted diseases? | Abstinence |
| Genital warts are caused by which STD? | Human papillomavirus (HPV) |
| Which STD passes through three (3) stages of infection, the third of which can cause damage to internal organs, brain dementia, and even death? | Syphilis |
| What do human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cells target and destroy within the human body? | T cells/lymphocytes/white blood cells |
| What is the term given to those diseases that are typically fatal for people with AIDS? | Opportunistic infections |
| What are three (3) means of active transmission for HIV that we discussed? | Sexual intercourse, sharing needles, and mother to baby |
| What is antiretroviral therapy (ART)? | A form of treatment that slows the growth of HIV in an infected person |
| 40% of ALL deaths in the US each year are caused by what? | Cardiovascular disease |
| Hypertension is another word for what? | High blood pressure |
| Arterial blockage or a burst blood vessel in the brain can lead to what? | Stroke |
| What are two healthful behaviors that can prevent a plethora of diseases? (We talk about these often) | Eating a healthy, nutritious diet and exercising regularly |
| What are three (3) risk factors for cardiovascular disease that are out of one's control? | Heredity, gender, and age |
| The uncontrollable growth of _______________ ____________ is called cancer. | abnormal cells |
| Which type of tumors are cancerous, and which are noncancerous? | Malignant = cancerous Benign = noncancerous |
| Malignant tumors may spread to neighboring tissues or travel through the __________ or ___________ to other parts of the body. | blood or lymph |
| What is the term for a specific reaction of the immune system to a foreign and frequently harmless substance? | An allergy |
| The body being unable to make enough insulin or to use insulin properly is called what? | Type 2 diabetes |
| Which law prohibits discrimination against people with physical or mental disabilities in the workplace, transportation, public accommodations, and telecommunications? | Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) |
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