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Nutrition, weight management, and physical activity units

QuestionAnswer
How many calories come from one gram of protein? 4 calories per gram of protein
How many calories come from one gram of fat? 9 calories per gram of fat
How many calories come from one gram of carbohydrates? 4 calories per gram of carbohydrates
Roughly how many calories does the average person burn per hour? Roughly 100 calories per hour
The fat-soluble vitamins that your body stores in fat cells and can be toxic if megadosed are... Vitamins A, D, E, and K
What are the minerals (including sodium, calcium, magnesium, and potassium) that we lose through sweat and can increase risk for dehydration called? Electrolytes
What are the building blocks of protein that we get from food (animal sources are considered complete/plant sources are incomplete)? Essential amino acids
What is the dietary guideline tool created by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) that can help determine smart food choices? MyPlate/myplate.gov
What determines the first ingredient to be listed on a food label? The highest-weighing ingredient before they are all mixed together is listed first
How can cross contamination be avoided in food handling/preparation? Washing hands, cleaning cooking surfaces, using different utensils for different food types, and storing different food types separately can all prevent cross contamination
What is the difference between a food allergy and a food intolerance? A food allergy involves an immune response and can be life-threatening, but a food intolerance does not involve the immune system
What does BMI stand for, and what does it measure? Body mass index (BMI) is a ratio of someone's height to weight
What is the name of the disease of the joints in which cartilage breaks down? Arthritis/osteoarthritis
What are some common features of fad diets? Fad diets often boast miracle cures, immediate results, eliminate an entire food group, and lead to weight cycling
Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder are all examples of what? Those are all eating disorders
What are the four types of vegetarianism we discussed? Lacto-ovo (eat dairy and eggs), lacto (eat dairy but not eggs), ovo (eat eggs but not dairy), and vegan (eat no animal products whatsoever)
Dietary supplements and herbal supplements are potentially dangerous. Why? Neither product is regulated by the government, so ingredient labels may not be accurate. Also, some vitamins can be toxic if megadosed, and some herbal supplements have side effects
What is "carboloading?" An athlete should eat a carbohydrate-heavy meal 3-4 hours before their competition for fuel. It should be low in protein and fat so their digestive system is not bogged down during competition.
What is non-exercise activity thermogenesis? Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) is a form of physical activity that adds movement to normally-sedentary activities like sitting or standing to burn more calories
Which bodily systems most benefit from regular physical activity and exercise? The cardiovascular, respiratory, musculoskeletal, and nervous systems all benefit from physical activity
What are some potential health risks from leading a sedentary lifestyle? Sedentary lifestyles can lead to weight gain/obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, certain types of cancer, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, and asthma/breathing conditions
What are the five elements of fitness? Cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, and body composition are the five elements of fitness
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic exercises? Aerobic exercises stress the heart and lungs to pump more blood and oxygen throughout the body for an extended time. Anaerobic exercises stress certain muscle groups but do not require the oxygen circulation of aerobic exercises (short, intense bursts).
What is the FITT acronym in planning a workout program? FITT stands for frequency, intensity, type, and time of an exercise program
What are the three components of a complete exercise routine? An exercise routine needs to feature a warm-up, a workout, and a cool-down
Exercising outdoors can lead to weather-related risks such as... Frostbite or hypothermia are risks of outdoor exercise in cold weather, while heat exhaustion and heatstroke are risks of outdoor exercise in hot weather
Overuse injuries like cramps and tendonitis are best treated with what? Rest is the best treatment for overuse injuries
What are some potential health risks of being underweight? Fatigue, weakness, brittle bones, and a reduced immune system are health risks of being underweight
Why is body mass index (BMI) an imperfect measurement? BMI does not consider body composition, only height and weight
How is body fat percentage calculated most accurately? A qualified professional can calculate body fat percentage by using calipers to take a skin fold test
Created by: user-1730176
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