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Chapter 7 Flashcard
All terms from chapter 7!
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Aden/o | Gland |
| adren/o , adrenal/o | Adrenal gland |
| Cortic/o | Outer surface |
| Gonad/o | Gonads (sex organs) |
| Pancreat/o | Pancreas |
| Pituitar/o , hypophys/o | Pituitary gland |
| Thym/o | Thymus |
| Thyr/o , thyroid/o | Thyroid |
| Gluc/o , glucos/o , glyc/o | Sugar |
| Crin/o | To secrete |
| Hormon/o | Hormone |
| Ket/o | Ketone body |
| -tropin | Stimulating horomone |
| -emia | Blood condition |
| -uria | Urine condition |
| Adenalgia | Pain in a gland |
| Adrenal virilism | Development of male secondary sexual charateristics caused by excessive secretion of adrenal gland |
| Adrenarche | Beginning of adrenal secretion (at puberty) |
| Hirsutism | Excessive growth of facial & body hair in women |
| Amenorrhea | Lack of menstrual flow |
| Gynecomastia | Development of breast tissue in males |
| Hypergonadism | Condition in which there is excessive secretion of the sex glands |
| Hypogondism | Condition in which there is undersecretion of the sex glands |
| Menarche | Beginning / first menstruation |
| Thelarche | Beginning of breast development |
| Hypoglycemic | Pertaining to low blood sugar |
| Pancreatagia | Pain in the pancreas |
| Polydipsia | Excessive thirst |
| Polyphagia | Excessive eating |
| Polyuria | Excessive urination |
| Acromegaly | Abnormal enlargement of the extremities |
| Galactorrhea | Discharge of milk |
| Pituitary dwarfism | Abnormally short height |
| Pituitary gigantism | Abnormally tall height |
| Exopthalmos | Protrusion of the eyes out of the eye socket |
| Goiter | Swollen thyroid gland |
| Thyrocele | Another name for goiter |
| Thyromegaly | Enlargement of thyroid |
| Thyroptosis | Downward displacement (drooping) of the thyroid |
| Adicemia | Abnormal acidity of the blood |
| Alkalemia | Abnormal alkalinity (opposite of acidity) of the blood |
| Calciuria | Calcium in the urine |
| Choremia | Increased chloride in the blood |
| Euglycemia | Good blood sugar |
| Glucosuria | Sugar in the urine |
| Hypercalcemia | Excessive calcium in the blood |
| Hypercholesterolemia | Excessive cholesterol in the blood |
| Hyperglycemia | High blood sugar |
| Hyperkalemia | Excessive potassium in the blood |
| Hyperlipidemia | Excessive fat in the blood |
| Hypernatremia | Excessive sodium in the blood |
| Hyperphosphatemia | Excessive phosphate in the blood |
| Hypoglycemia | Low blood sugar |
| Ketonuria | Ketone bodies in the urine |
| Polyuria | Excessive urination |
| Uremia | Presence of urinary waste in the blood |
| Adrenaline | Hormone secreted by the adrenal gland |
| Epinephrine | Hormone secreted by adrenal gland |
| Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) | Hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland |
| Corticotropin | Shorter name for adrenocorticotropic hormone |
| Glucagon | Hormone secreted by the pancreas that stimulates the liver to increase blood sugar levels |
| Glucoirticoid | Hormone produced by the adrenal cortex with a role in carbohydrate metabolism |
| Gonadotropin | Hormone that stimulates the gonads |
| Insulin | Hormone secreted by the pancreas that controls metabolism & uptake of sugar and fats |
| Thyrotropin | Hormone that stimulates the thyroid |
| Adenomegaly | Abnormal enlargement of a gland |
| Adrenomegaly | Abnormal enlargement of the adrenal gland |
| Euthyroid | Normal functioning thyroid |
| Gluconeogenesis | Formation of glucose from non carbohydrate sources |
| Glycolysis | Breakdown of sugar |
| Glycopenia | Deficiency of sugar |
| Gonadogenesis | Creation/development of gonads |
| Metabolism | Breakdown of matter into energy |
| Endocrine | To secrete internally (to bloodstream) |
| Endocrinologist | Specialist in internal secretions |
| Exocrine | To secrete externally (to surface of organ, swear glands, saliva glands) |
| Glycemic index | Ranking of food based on the way it affects sugar levels in the blood |
| Ketogenesis | Creation of ketone bodies |
| Cholangiopancreatography | Procedure used to examine the bile ducts & pancreas |
| Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography | Procedure to examine the bile ducts & pancreas in which an endoscope is pass backward from the digestive tract into the bile duct |
| Adenitis | Inflammation of a gland |
| Adenopathy | Gland disease |
| Adenosis | Gland condition |
| Dysmetabolic syndrome | Combination of medical disorders associated with faulty metabolism |
| Ketosis | Condition characterized by elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood |
| Polyadenopathy | Disease involving many glands |
| Adrenal insufficiency | Condition in which the adrenal glands underproduce necessary hormones |
| Adrenalitis | Inflammation of the adrenal gland |
| Adrenocortical insufficiency | Condition in which the adrenal cortex underproduces necessary hormones |
| Adrenocorticohyperplasia | Overdevelopment of the cortex of the adrenal gland |
| Congenital adrenal hyperplasia | Genetic disease in which the adrenal gland is overdeveloped, resulting in a deficiency of certrain hormones & an overproduction of others |
| Diabetes mellitus | Metabolic disease characterized by excessive urination & hyperglycemia |
| Diabetic ketoacidosis | Acidity of the blood caused by the presence of ketone bodies produced when the body is unable to burn sugar; this, it must burn fat for energy |
| Pancreatic pseudocyst | Abnormally expanded area in the pancreas resembling a cyst |
| Pancreatitis | Inflammation of the pancreas |
| Pancreatolith | Stone in the pancreas |
| Pancreatolithiasis | Presence of a stone in the pancreas |
| Hyperpituitarism | Overfunctioning of the pituitary gland |
| Hypophysitis | Inflammation of the pituitary gland |
| Hypopituitarism | Condition caused by the undersecretion of the pituitary gland |
| Panhypopituitarism | Defective/absent function of the entire pituitary gland |
| Pituitary infarction | Death of the pituitary gland |
| Hyperparathyroidism | Overproduction by the parathyroid glands |
| Hyperthyroidism | Overproduction by the thyroid |
| Hypoparathyroidism | Underproduction by the parathyroid |
| Hypothyroidism | Underproduction of the thyroid |
| Thyrotoxicosis | Condition caused by the exposure of body tissue to excessive levels of thyroid hormone |
| Adenocrcinoma | Cancerous tumor of a gland |
| Ademoma | Glandular tumor |
| Adrenal adenoma | Tumor of the adrenal gland |
| Addrenocortical carcinoma | Cancerous tumor originating in the cortex of the adrenal gland |
| Insulinoma | Tumor that secretes insulin |
| Parathyroidoma | Tumor of the parathyroid |
| Pituitary adenoma | Tumor on the pituitary gland |
| Thymoma | Tumor of thymus |
| Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion | Continuous injection of insulin into the blood from a pump inserted under the skin |
| Thyroidotoxin | Substance poisonous to the thyroid gland |
| Adenectomy | Removal of a gland |
| Ketogenic diet | Diet that aids in production of ketones in the body |
| Thymectomy | Removal of the thymus |
| Adrenalectomy | Removal of the adrenal gland |
| Laparoscopic adrenalectomy | Removal of an adrenal gland by means of a laparoscope |
| Pancreatectomy | Removal of the pancreas |
| Pancreatolithectomy | Removal of a stone in the pancreas |
| Hypophysectomy | Removal of the pituitary gland |
| Parathyroidectomy | Removal of the parathyroid |
| Thyroidectomy | Removal of the thyroid |
| Thyroidotomy | Incision into the thyroid |
| Thyroparathyroidectomy | Removal of thyroid & parathyroid glands |
| ACTH | Adrenocorticotropic hormone |
| BS | Blood sugar |
| CGM | Continuous glucose monitor |
| DI | Diabetes isipidus |
| DM | Diabetes mellitus |
| ERCP | Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreotography |
| FBS | Fasting blood sugar |
| GDM | Gestational diabetes mellitus |
| GH | Growth hormone |
| GTT | Glucose tolerance test |
| HgA1C | Hemoglobin A1C test |
| HRT | Hormone replacement therapy |
| TFT | Thyroid function test |
| TSH | Thyroid-stimulating hormone |
| T3 | Triiodothyronine |
| T4 | Thyroxine |
Created by:
laijon5721
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