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Chapter 5 Flashcards

All terms from chapter 5!

TermDefinition
Cerebr/o , Encephal/o Brain
Cerebell/o Cerebellum
Lob/o Lobe
Cephal/o Head
Crani/o Head / skull
Mening/o , meningi/o Meninges (membrane surrounding brain & spinal cord)
Dur/o Dura (tough outer membrane surrounding brain & spinal cord)
Neur/o Nerve
Gangli/o Nerve bundle
Myel/o Spinal cord / bone marrow
Esthesi/o Feeling/sensation
Phas/o Speech
Phren/o , psych/o Mind
Somn/o , somn/i , hypn/o Sleeo
Gnosi/o Know
-mania Excessive desire
-phobia Excessive fear / sensitivity
-paresis Slight/partial paralysis
Ton/o Muscle tone /tension/ pressure
Tax/o Arrangement/ order/ coordination
-plegia Paralysis
-asthesia Weakness
Aphasia Inability to speak
Ataxia Lack of coordination
Catatonia Condition characterized by reduced muscle tone
Delirium Brief loss of mental function
Dementia Loss/decline in mental function
Dyskinesia Difficulty moving
Dyslexia Difficulty reading
Dysphasia Difficulty speaking
Insomnia Inability to sleep
Myoclonus Muscle twitching
Myospasm Involuntary muscle contraction
Neurasthenia Nerve weakness
Somnambulism Sleep walking
Syncope Fainting ; losing consciousness due to loss of blood flow to brain
Cephalagia Head pain
Cephalodynia Headpain
Encephalalgia Brain pain
Neuralgia Nerve pain
Neurodynia Nerve pain
Hemiparesis Partial paralysis on half the body
Hemiplegia Paralysis on half the body
Monoparesis Partial paralysis of one limb
Monoplegia Paralysis on one limb
Paralysis Complete loss of sensation & motor function
Paresis Partial paralysis
Causalgia Painful sensation of burning
Dysesthesia Bad feeling
Hyperesthesia Increased sensation
Paresthesia Abnormal sensation
Pseudesthesia False sensation
Synthesis Condition where one sensation is experienced as another
Acrophobia Fear of heights
Agoraphobia Fear of outdoor spaces
Hydrophobia Fear of water
Kleptomania Desire to steal
Photophobia Excessive sensitivity to light
Pyromania Desire to set fire
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) An accident involving the blood vessels of the brain
Stroke Loss of brain function caused by interruption of blood flow/supply to the brain
Hemorrhagic stroke A stroke where blood loss is caused by a blockage
Transient ischemic attack a “mini stroke” caused by the blockage of a blood vessel which resolves within 24 hours
Cerebrovascular disease A disease of the blood vessels in the brain
Cerebral aneurysm The widening/abnormal dilation of a blood vessel in the brain
Cerebral arteriosclerosis The hardening of an artery in the brain
Cerebral atherosclerosis The hardening of an artery in the brain caused by a buildup of fatty plaque
Cerebral embolism The blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a foreign object like fat or bacteria
Cerebral thrombosis The blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a blood clot
Craniomalacia Abnormal softening of the skull
Craniosclerosis Abnormal hardening of the skull
Craniostenosis Abnormal narrowing of the skull
Craniosynostosis Premature fusing of the skull bones
Hydrocephaly Abnormal accumulation of spinal fluid in the brain
Astrocytoma A tumor arising from astrocyte glial cells
Ganglioma Ganglion tumor
Glioblastoma A brain tumor arising from glioblast cells
Meningioma Tumor of the meninges
Cerebellitis Inflammation of the brain and meninges
Encephalitis Inflammation of the brain
Encephalomyelitis Inflammation of the brain & spinal cord
Encephalomyeloneuropathy Disease of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves
Encephalopathy Disease of the brain
Encephalopyosis A pus-filled abscess in the brain
Gangliitis Inflammation of a ganglion
Intracerebral hemorrhage Excessive bleeding inside the brain
Meningopathy Disease of the meninges
Meningitis Inflammation of the meninges
Meningoencephalitis Inflammation of the meninges and brain
Myelitis Inflammation of the spinal cord
Myelodysplasia Defective formation of the spinal cord
Myelopathy Disease of the spinal cord
Neuroarthropathy Disease of the joint associated with nerves
Neuroencephalomyelopathy Disease of the nervous system
Poliomyelitis Inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord
Polyneuropathy Disease affecting multiple nerves
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) A degenerative disease of the central nervous system causing loss of muscle control
Anorexia An eating disorder characterized by the patient restricting food or refusing to eat
Autism A psychiatric disorder characterized by difficulties in social communication & integration, as well as repetitive and/or restrictive patterns of behavior or interests
Bulimia An eating disorder characterized by overeating and usually followed by purging
Cerebral palsy Paralysis caused by damage to the area of the brain responsible for movement
Dysphoria A negative emotional state
Epilepsy A disease marked by seizures
Euphoria A positive emotional state
Hypomania A mental state just below mania
Manic depression (bipolar disorder) A psychiatric disorder characterized by alternating bouts of excitement and depression
Myasthenia Muscle weakness
Narcolepsy a disease characterized by sudden, uncontrolled sleepiness
Psychopathy A mental illness
Schizophrenia A mental illness characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disordered speech
Neurosis A nerve condition
Psychosis A mind condition
Anesthetic Drug that causes loss of sensation
General anesthetic Anesthetic that causes complete loss of consciousness
Local anesthetic Anesthetic that does not affect consciousness
Regional anesthetic Anesthetic that is injected into a nerve causing loss of sensation over a particular area
Topical anesthetic Local anesthesia applied to the surface of the area to be anesthetized
Epidural anesthetic Anesthetic applied in the rural region of the spinal cord
Analgesic Drug that relieves pain
Anticonvulsant Drug that opposes confulsions
Antidepressant Drug that opposes depression
Antipsychotic Drug that opposes psychoses
Anxiolytic Drug that lessens anxiety
Hypnotic Drug that aids sleep
Neuropharmacology The study of the effects of drugs on the nervous system
Psychopharmacology Study of the effects of drugs on mental processes
Psychotropic Drugs that are able to turn the mind
Thrombolytic Drug that dissolves clots
Cerebrotomy Incision into the brain
Chemotherapy Treatment using chemicals
Craniectomy Removal of a piece of the skull
Craniotomy Incision into the skull
Endarterectomy Removal of the inside of an artery
Endovascular neurosurgery Surgery on the nervous system performed by entering the body through blood vessels
Lobectomy Removal of a lobe
Lobotomy Incision into a lobe
Neurectomy Removal of a nerve
Neurolysis Destruction of nerve tissue
Neuroplasty Reconstruction of a nerve
Neurorrhaphy Suturing of a nerve
Neurotomy Incision into a nerve
ADHD Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
ALS Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s disease)
CNS Central nervous system
CP Cerebral palsy
CSF Cerebrospinal fluid
CVA Cerebrovascular accident
EEG Electroencephalogram
EMG Electromyogram
ICP Intracranial pressure
LOC Level of consciousness
LP Lumbar puncture
MRA Magnetic resonance aniography
MS Multiple sclerosis
OCD Obsessive compulsive disorder
PET positron emission tomography
PNS Peripheral nervous system
TIA Transient ischemic attack
Created by: laijon5721
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