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Chapter 5 Flashcards
All terms from chapter 5!
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cerebr/o , Encephal/o | Brain |
| Cerebell/o | Cerebellum |
| Lob/o | Lobe |
| Cephal/o | Head |
| Crani/o | Head / skull |
| Mening/o , meningi/o | Meninges (membrane surrounding brain & spinal cord) |
| Dur/o | Dura (tough outer membrane surrounding brain & spinal cord) |
| Neur/o | Nerve |
| Gangli/o | Nerve bundle |
| Myel/o | Spinal cord / bone marrow |
| Esthesi/o | Feeling/sensation |
| Phas/o | Speech |
| Phren/o , psych/o | Mind |
| Somn/o , somn/i , hypn/o | Sleeo |
| Gnosi/o | Know |
| -mania | Excessive desire |
| -phobia | Excessive fear / sensitivity |
| -paresis | Slight/partial paralysis |
| Ton/o | Muscle tone /tension/ pressure |
| Tax/o | Arrangement/ order/ coordination |
| -plegia | Paralysis |
| -asthesia | Weakness |
| Aphasia | Inability to speak |
| Ataxia | Lack of coordination |
| Catatonia | Condition characterized by reduced muscle tone |
| Delirium | Brief loss of mental function |
| Dementia | Loss/decline in mental function |
| Dyskinesia | Difficulty moving |
| Dyslexia | Difficulty reading |
| Dysphasia | Difficulty speaking |
| Insomnia | Inability to sleep |
| Myoclonus | Muscle twitching |
| Myospasm | Involuntary muscle contraction |
| Neurasthenia | Nerve weakness |
| Somnambulism | Sleep walking |
| Syncope | Fainting ; losing consciousness due to loss of blood flow to brain |
| Cephalagia | Head pain |
| Cephalodynia | Headpain |
| Encephalalgia | Brain pain |
| Neuralgia | Nerve pain |
| Neurodynia | Nerve pain |
| Hemiparesis | Partial paralysis on half the body |
| Hemiplegia | Paralysis on half the body |
| Monoparesis | Partial paralysis of one limb |
| Monoplegia | Paralysis on one limb |
| Paralysis | Complete loss of sensation & motor function |
| Paresis | Partial paralysis |
| Causalgia | Painful sensation of burning |
| Dysesthesia | Bad feeling |
| Hyperesthesia | Increased sensation |
| Paresthesia | Abnormal sensation |
| Pseudesthesia | False sensation |
| Synthesis | Condition where one sensation is experienced as another |
| Acrophobia | Fear of heights |
| Agoraphobia | Fear of outdoor spaces |
| Hydrophobia | Fear of water |
| Kleptomania | Desire to steal |
| Photophobia | Excessive sensitivity to light |
| Pyromania | Desire to set fire |
| Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) | An accident involving the blood vessels of the brain |
| Stroke | Loss of brain function caused by interruption of blood flow/supply to the brain |
| Hemorrhagic stroke | A stroke where blood loss is caused by a blockage |
| Transient ischemic attack | a “mini stroke” caused by the blockage of a blood vessel which resolves within 24 hours |
| Cerebrovascular disease | A disease of the blood vessels in the brain |
| Cerebral aneurysm | The widening/abnormal dilation of a blood vessel in the brain |
| Cerebral arteriosclerosis | The hardening of an artery in the brain |
| Cerebral atherosclerosis | The hardening of an artery in the brain caused by a buildup of fatty plaque |
| Cerebral embolism | The blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a foreign object like fat or bacteria |
| Cerebral thrombosis | The blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a blood clot |
| Craniomalacia | Abnormal softening of the skull |
| Craniosclerosis | Abnormal hardening of the skull |
| Craniostenosis | Abnormal narrowing of the skull |
| Craniosynostosis | Premature fusing of the skull bones |
| Hydrocephaly | Abnormal accumulation of spinal fluid in the brain |
| Astrocytoma | A tumor arising from astrocyte glial cells |
| Ganglioma | Ganglion tumor |
| Glioblastoma | A brain tumor arising from glioblast cells |
| Meningioma | Tumor of the meninges |
| Cerebellitis | Inflammation of the brain and meninges |
| Encephalitis | Inflammation of the brain |
| Encephalomyelitis | Inflammation of the brain & spinal cord |
| Encephalomyeloneuropathy | Disease of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves |
| Encephalopathy | Disease of the brain |
| Encephalopyosis | A pus-filled abscess in the brain |
| Gangliitis | Inflammation of a ganglion |
| Intracerebral hemorrhage | Excessive bleeding inside the brain |
| Meningopathy | Disease of the meninges |
| Meningitis | Inflammation of the meninges |
| Meningoencephalitis | Inflammation of the meninges and brain |
| Myelitis | Inflammation of the spinal cord |
| Myelodysplasia | Defective formation of the spinal cord |
| Myelopathy | Disease of the spinal cord |
| Neuroarthropathy | Disease of the joint associated with nerves |
| Neuroencephalomyelopathy | Disease of the nervous system |
| Poliomyelitis | Inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord |
| Polyneuropathy | Disease affecting multiple nerves |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) | A degenerative disease of the central nervous system causing loss of muscle control |
| Anorexia | An eating disorder characterized by the patient restricting food or refusing to eat |
| Autism | A psychiatric disorder characterized by difficulties in social communication & integration, as well as repetitive and/or restrictive patterns of behavior or interests |
| Bulimia | An eating disorder characterized by overeating and usually followed by purging |
| Cerebral palsy | Paralysis caused by damage to the area of the brain responsible for movement |
| Dysphoria | A negative emotional state |
| Epilepsy | A disease marked by seizures |
| Euphoria | A positive emotional state |
| Hypomania | A mental state just below mania |
| Manic depression (bipolar disorder) | A psychiatric disorder characterized by alternating bouts of excitement and depression |
| Myasthenia | Muscle weakness |
| Narcolepsy | a disease characterized by sudden, uncontrolled sleepiness |
| Psychopathy | A mental illness |
| Schizophrenia | A mental illness characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disordered speech |
| Neurosis | A nerve condition |
| Psychosis | A mind condition |
| Anesthetic | Drug that causes loss of sensation |
| General anesthetic | Anesthetic that causes complete loss of consciousness |
| Local anesthetic | Anesthetic that does not affect consciousness |
| Regional anesthetic | Anesthetic that is injected into a nerve causing loss of sensation over a particular area |
| Topical anesthetic | Local anesthesia applied to the surface of the area to be anesthetized |
| Epidural anesthetic | Anesthetic applied in the rural region of the spinal cord |
| Analgesic | Drug that relieves pain |
| Anticonvulsant | Drug that opposes confulsions |
| Antidepressant | Drug that opposes depression |
| Antipsychotic | Drug that opposes psychoses |
| Anxiolytic | Drug that lessens anxiety |
| Hypnotic | Drug that aids sleep |
| Neuropharmacology | The study of the effects of drugs on the nervous system |
| Psychopharmacology | Study of the effects of drugs on mental processes |
| Psychotropic | Drugs that are able to turn the mind |
| Thrombolytic | Drug that dissolves clots |
| Cerebrotomy | Incision into the brain |
| Chemotherapy | Treatment using chemicals |
| Craniectomy | Removal of a piece of the skull |
| Craniotomy | Incision into the skull |
| Endarterectomy | Removal of the inside of an artery |
| Endovascular neurosurgery | Surgery on the nervous system performed by entering the body through blood vessels |
| Lobectomy | Removal of a lobe |
| Lobotomy | Incision into a lobe |
| Neurectomy | Removal of a nerve |
| Neurolysis | Destruction of nerve tissue |
| Neuroplasty | Reconstruction of a nerve |
| Neurorrhaphy | Suturing of a nerve |
| Neurotomy | Incision into a nerve |
| ADHD | Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder |
| ALS | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s disease) |
| CNS | Central nervous system |
| CP | Cerebral palsy |
| CSF | Cerebrospinal fluid |
| CVA | Cerebrovascular accident |
| EEG | Electroencephalogram |
| EMG | Electromyogram |
| ICP | Intracranial pressure |
| LOC | Level of consciousness |
| LP | Lumbar puncture |
| MRA | Magnetic resonance aniography |
| MS | Multiple sclerosis |
| OCD | Obsessive compulsive disorder |
| PET | positron emission tomography |
| PNS | Peripheral nervous system |
| TIA | Transient ischemic attack |
Created by:
laijon5721
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