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Chapter 4 Flashcard
Chapter 4-7 Notes
Term | Definition |
---|---|
-physis | Growth |
Oste/o | Bone |
Crani/o | Head/skull |
Cervic/o | Neck |
Spondyl/o | Vertebra |
Lumb/o | Loin/lower back |
Brachi/o | Arm |
Dactyl/o | Finger |
Carp/o | Wrist |
Cost/o | Rib |
Femor/o | Femur (thighbone) |
Tibi/o | Tibia (shinbone) |
Tars/o | Ankle |
Chondr/o | Cartilage |
Arthr/o | Joint |
Burs/o | Bursa |
Ten/o , tend/o , tendin/o | Tendon (connective tissue connecting muscle to bone) |
Muscul/o , my/o , myos/o | Muscle |
Fasci/o | Fascia (fibrous connective tissue binding muscles together) |
Ton/o | Tone/tension |
Kinesi/o (sometimes Kinet/o) | Movement/motion |
Tax/o | Arrangement/order/coordination |
Ankyl/o | Stiff/bent |
Costalgia | Rib pain |
Metatarsalgia | Pain in the bones of the foot |
Ostalgia (alt spelling ostealgia) | Bone pain |
Osteodynia | Bone pain |
Spondylodynia | Vertebra pain |
Tibialgia | Tibia (shin) pain |
Ankylosis | Joint stiffness |
Arthralgia | Joint pain |
Arthrodynia | Joint pain |
Cervicodynia | Neck pain |
Crepitation | Crackling sounds in the joints |
Genu valgum | Knock-kneed |
Genu varum | Bowlegged |
Bradykinesia | Slow movement |
Dyskinesia | Inability to control movement |
Dystaxia | Poor coordination |
Dystonia | Poor muscle tonw |
Graphospasm | Writers cramp |
Hyperkinesia | Increase in muscle movement/activity |
Hypokinesia | Decrease in muscle tone/tightness |
Myalgia | Muscle pain |
Myasthenia | Muscle weakness |
Myodynia | Muscle pain |
Myospasm | Muscle spasm |
Tenalgia | Tendon pain |
Arthrocentesis | Puncture of a joint |
Arthroscope | Instrument for looking into a joint |
Arthroscopy | Procedure of looking into a joint |
Electromyogram | A record of electrical activity of a muscle |
Electromyography | Procedure for measuring the electrical activity of a muscle |
Myography | Procedure for studying muscles |
Arthrogram | Visual record of a joint |
Arthrography | Procedure used to examine a joint |
Computed axial tomography (CAT / CT) | Imaging procedure using a computer to produce cross sections along an axis |
Kyphosis | Humped back ; forward curvature of the upper spine |
Lordosis | Swayed back; abnormal forward curvature of the lower spine |
Scoliosis | Crooked back ; abnormal lateral curvature of the spine |
Carpitis | Wrist inflammation |
Craniomalacia | Softening of the skull |
Exostosis | An abnormal growth of bone out of another bone |
Fracture | A bone break |
Osteodystrophy | Poor bone development |
Osteolysis | Bone loss |
Osteonecrosis | Death of bome |
Osteosclerosis | Abnormal hardening of bone |
Polydactyly | Having more than the normal number of fingers (or toes) |
Spondylitis | Vertebra inflammation |
Spondylomalacia | Softening of the vertebra |
Syndactyly | Fusion (webbing) of the fingers or toes |
Tarsoptosis | Flat feet |
Bursolith | A stone in the bursa |
Effusion | Fluid buildup |
Hemarthrosis | Blood in a joint |
Hydrarthrosis | Water (fluid) in a joint |
Pyarthrosis | Pus in a joint |
Atrophy | Underdevelopment / decrease / loss of muscle tissue |
Hypertrophy | Overdevelopment of muscle tissue |
Myocele | Hernia of muscle tissue |
Myolosis | Loss of muscle tissue |
Myomalacia | Softening of a muscle |
Myosclerosis | Hardening of a muscle |
Myostasis | Stretching of a muscle |
Myotonia | Muscle tone |
Ankylosing spondylitis | A stiffening inflammation of the vertebra |
Chondro-osteodystrophy | Poor development of bones and cartilage |
Dactylitis | Finger inflammation |
Hypertrophic spondylitis | Overdevelopment of vertebra causing inflammation |
Osteitis | Bone inflammation |
Osteochondritis | Inflammation of bone and cartilage |
Osteogenesis imperfecta | A disease in which bones do not develop correctly / brittle bone disease |
Osteopenia | Reduction in bone volume |
Osteoporosis | Loss of bone density |
Spinal stenosis | Abnormal narrowing of the spine |
Spoldyloarthropathy | Joint disease of the vertebra |
Spondyloisthesis | Slipping / dislocation of a vertebra |
Spondylolysis | Loss of vertebra structure |
Spondylosis | Vertebra condition |
Arthritis | Joint inflammation |
Rheumatoid arthritis | Inflammation of joints ; symptoms resemble rheumatic fever |
Septic arthritis | Inflammation of the joint caused by infection |
Osteoarthritis | Inflammation of the joints, specifically those who bear weight |
Arthrocele | Hernia of the joint |
Arthrodysplasia | Abnormal joint development |
Arthropathy | Joint disease |
Arthrosclerosis | Hardening of the joints |
Bursitis | Inflammation of the bursa |
Bursopathy | Disease of the bursa |
Subluxation | Partial dislocation of a joint |
Achondroplasia | A defect in the formation of cartilage |
Chondromalacia | Abnormal softening of the cartilage |
Costochondritis | Inflammation of the cartilage of the rib |
Fasciitis | Inflammation of the fascia |
Muscular dystrophy | Disorder characterized by poor muscle development |
Myoclonus | Violent muscle contraction |
Myopathy | Muscle disease |
Myasthenia | Muscle weakness |
Myofasciitis | Muscle and fascia inflammation |
Myositis | Muscle inflammation |
Necrotizing fasciitis | Inflammation of the fascia causing death of tissue |
Polymyositis | Inflammation of multiple muscles |
Tardive dyskinesia | Condition characterized by the loss of muscle control |
Tendinitis | Tendon inflammation |
Chondroma | Tumorlike growth of cartilage tissue |
Myoma | Muscle tumor |
Myosarcoma | Cancerous muscle tumor |
Osteocarcinoma | Bone cancer tumor |
Osteochondroma | Tumor made of bone and cartilage |
Osteosarcoma | Cancerous tumor arising out of bone cells |
Analgesic | Drug that relieves pain |
Antiarthritic | Drug that opposes joint inflammation |
Anti-inflammatory | Drug that opposes inflammation |
Antipyretic | Drug that opposes fever |
Orthotics | Device that aids in the straightening or stabilizing of a part of the body |
Prosthetics | A device that is added to a body part to replace a missing or lost function |
Carpectomy | Removal of all or part of the wrist |
Costectomy | Removal of a rib |
Craniectomy | Removal of a portion of the skull |
Craniotomy | Removal of a portion of the skull |
External fixation | Fixation of a fractured bone from the inside |
Closed reduction | Returning bones to their proper position without the use of surgery |
Open reduction | Returning bones to their proper position through the use of surgery |
Metacarpectomy | Removal of a bone in the hand |
Ostectomy | Removal of a bone |
Osteectomy | Removal of a bone |
Osteoclasia | Surgical breaking of a bone (done to remedy a deformity) |
Osteoplasty | Reconstruction of bone |
Spondylosyndesis | Fusing together of multiple vertebra |
Sternotomy | Incision into the sternum |
Tarsectomy | Removal of all or a portion of the ankle |
Tarsoclasia | Surgical fracture of the ankle (treating club foot) |
Arthrectomy | Removal of joint |
Arthroclasia | Therapeutic breaking of a joint to allow increased mobility |
Arthrodesis | Surgical fixation of joint |
Arthrolysis | Loosening of a stiff joint |
Arthroplasty | Reconstruction of a joint |
Arthrotomy | Incision of a joint |
Bursectomy | Removal of a bursa |
Bursotomy | Incision into a bursa |
Chondrectomy | Removal of cartilage |
Chondroplasty | Reconstruction of cartilage |
Fasciectomy | Removal of fascia |
Fasciodesis | Binding of fascia |
Fascioplasty | Reconstruction of fascia |
Fasciorrhaphy | Suturing of fascia |
Fasciotomy | Incision into fascia |
Myectomy | Removal of muscle |
Myomectomy | Removal of muscle tumor |
Myoplasty | Muscle reconstruction |
Myorrhaphy | Muscle suture |
Myotomy | Incision into muscle |
Tendectomy | Removal of tendon |
Tendoplasty | Reconstruction of tendon |
Tenodesis | Binding of a tendon |
Tenolysis | Freeing/loosening a tendon |
Tenonectomy | Removal of a tendon |
Tenoplasty | Reconstruction of a tendon |
Tenorrhaphy | Suture of a tendon |
Tenotomy | Incision into a tendon |
Hx | History |
Fx | Fracture |
Tx | Traction/treatment |
ACL | Anterior cruciate ligament |
MCL | Medial collateral ligament |
LCL | Lateral collateral ligament |
PCL | Posterior cruciate ligament |
C1-C7 | Cervical neck vertebrae |
T1-T12 | Thoracic chest vertebrae |
L1-L5 | Lumbar loin vertebrae |
S1-S5 | Sacral vertebrae |
DTR | Deep tendon reflex |
EMG | Electromyogram |
FROM | Full range of motion |
NSAID | Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
OA | Osteoarthritis |
PT | Physical Therapy |
RA | Rheumatoid arthritis |
RICE | Rest Ice Compression Elevation |
ROM | Range of motion |
WB | Weight bearing |
WBAT | Weight bearing as tolerant |