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Criminal Justice
vocab/test questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| courtroom work group | all parties in the justice process work together in a cooperative effort to settle cases efficiently rather than to engage in a true adversarial procedure |
| criminal justice system | the system of law enforcement, adjudication, and correction that is directly involved in the apprehension, prosecution, and control of those charged with criminal offenses |
| crime control perspective | emphasizes the control of dangerous offenders and the protection of society through harsh punishment as a deterrent to crime |
| decriminalization | reducing the penalty for a criminal act without legalizing it |
| deinstitutionalization– | the policy of removing from secure confinement as many offenders of minor, nonviolent crimes as possible and treating them in the community |
| equal justice perspective | based on the idea that all people should receive the same treatment under the law and should be evaluated on the basis of their current behavior, not on what they have done in the past |
| evidence-based justice | determining through the use of the scientific method whether criminal justice programs actually reduce crime rates and offender recidivism |
| due process perspective | emphasizes individual rights and constitutional safeguards against arbitrary or unfair judicial or administrative proceedings |
| grand jury | a type of jury responsible for investigating alleged crimes, examining evidence, and issuing indictments |
| in-presence requirement | the principle that in order to make an arrest for a misdemeanor, the arresting officer must have personally witnessed the crime being committed |
| Law Enforcement Assistance Administration ( | federal agency that provided technical assistance and hundreds of millions of dollars in aid to state and local justice agencies between 1969 and 1982 |
| Miranda warning | suspects under arrest must be advised that they have no obligation to answer questions and that they are entitled to have a lawyer present during questioning, if necessary, at no expense to themselves |
| nolle prosequi | a prosecutor decides to drop a case after a complaint has been formally made |
| nonintervention perspective | favors the least intrusive treatment possible: decarceration, diversion, and decriminalization |
| racial animus model | the view that white America has developed a mental image of the typical offender as a young, inner-city black make who offends with little remorse |
| rehabilitation perspective | model of criminal justice that sees crime as an expression of frustration and anger created by social inequality that can be controlled by giving people the means to improve their lifestyle through conventional endeavors |
| restorative justice perspective | a perspective on criminal justice that sees the main goal of the criminal justice system as making a systematic response to wrongdoing that emphasizes healing victims, offenders, and communities wounded by crime. It stresses peacemaking, not punishment. |
| social control | a society’s ability to control individual behavior in order to serve the best interests and welfare of the society as a whole |
| true bill of indictment | a written statement charging a defendant with the commission of a crime, drawn up by a prosecuting attorney and considered by a grand jury. If the grand jury finds sufficient evidence to support the indictment, it will issue a true bill of indictment. |
Created by:
rhoerner
Popular Criminal Justice sets