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Chapter 1 Terms
Medical Terminology Chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| -algia | pain, suffering |
| -dynia | pain |
| -ectomy | surgical removal, cutting out |
| -gram | picture or record |
| hyper- | excessive, increased |
| hypo- | deficient, decreased |
| -itis | inflammation |
| -osis | abnormal condition, disease |
| -ostomy | the surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface |
| pre- | before, in front of |
| -plasty | surgical repair |
| -rrhage | bleeding, abnormal excessive fluid discharge |
| -rrhaphy | surgical suturing |
| -rrhea | flow or discharge |
| -sclerosis | abnormal hardening |
| abdominocentesis | the surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid. (abdomin/o=abdomen, -centesis=surgical puncture to remove fluid) |
| acronym | a word formed from the initial letter of the major parts of a compound term. |
| acute | a condition that has a rapid onset, a severe course, and a relatively short duration. |
| angiography | the process of producing an x-ray or radiographic study of blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium to make these blood vessels visible. (angi/o=blood vessel, -graphy=the process of recording) |
| appendectomy | the surgical removal of the appendix. (append=appendix, -ectomy=surgical removal) |
| arteriosclerosis | the abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries. (arteri/o=artery, -sclerosis-abnormal hardening) |
| arthralgia | pain in a joint or joints. (arthr=joint, -algia=pain) |
| colostomy | the surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface. (col=colon, -ostomy=surgical creation of an artificial opening) |
| cyanosis | blue discoloration of the skin caused by lack of adequate oxygen in the blood. (cyan=blue, -osis=abnormal condition or disease) |
| dermatologist | a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the skin. (dermat=skin, -ologist=specialist) |
| diagnosis | the identification of a disease. |
| diarrhea | the frequent flow of loose or watery stools. (dia=through, -rrhea=flow or discharge) |
| edema | swelling caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in cells, tissues, or cavities of the body. |
| endarterial | pertaining to the interior or lining of an artery. (end=within, arteri=artery, -al=pertaining to) |
| eponym | a disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the person who discovered or described it first. |
| erythrocyte | a mature red blood cell. (erythr/o=red, -cyte=cell) |
| fissure | a groove or crack-like sore of the skin. Also describes the normal folds in the contours of the brain. |
| fistula | an abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body. This may be due to surgery, injury or the draining of an abscess. |
| gastralgia | pain in the stomach--stomachache. (gastr=stomach, -algia=pain) |
| gastritis | an inflammation of the stomach. (gastr=stomach, -itis=inflammation) |
| gastroenteritis | an inflammation of the stomach and small intestine. (gastr/o=stomach, enter=small intestine, -itis=inflammation) |
| gastrosis | any disease of the stomach. (gastr=stomach, -osis=abnormal condition or disease) |
| hemorrhage | the loss of a large amount of blood in a short time. (hem/o=blood, -rrhage=bleeding or abnormal excessive fluid discharge) |
| hepatomegaly | abnormal enlargement of the liver. (hepat/o=liver, -megaly=enlargement) |
| hypertension | higher than normal blood pressure. (hyper=excessive or increased) |
| hypotension | lower than normal blood pressure. (hypo=deficient or decreased) |
| infection | the invasion of the body by a pathogenic organism. Can be localized or systemic. |
| inflammation | a localized response to an injury or to the destruction of tissues. |
| interstitial | between, but not within, the parts of a tissue. (inter=between or among) |
| intramuscular | within the muscle. (intra=within or inside) |
| laceration | a torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut. |
| lesion | a pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury. |
| malaise | a feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness that is often the first indication of an infection or other disease. Of French origin. |
| mycosis | any abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus. (myc=fungus, -osis=abnormal condition of disease) |
| myelopathy | describes any injury, degeneration or disease in the spinal cord. (myel/o=spinal cord, -pathy=disease) |
| myopathy | describes any pathologic change or disease of muscle tissue. (my/o=muscle, -pathy=disease) |
| natal | pertaining to birth. (nat=birth, -al=pertaining to) |
| neonatology | the study of disorders of the newborn. (neo=new, nat=birth, -ology=the study of) |
| neurorrhaphy | suturing together the ends of a severed nerve. (neur/o=nerve, -rrhaphy=surgical suturing) |
| otorhinolaryngology | the study of the ears, nose, and throat. (ot/o=ear, rhin/o=nose, laryng=throat, -ology=the study of) |
| palpation | an examination technique in which the examiner's hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts. |
| palpitation | a pounding or racing heart. |
| pathology | the study of all aspects of diseases. (path=disease, -ology=study of) |
| phalanges | the bones of the fingers and toes. (singular, phalanx) |
| poliomyelitis | a viral infection of the gray nerve tissue of the spinal cord. (poli/o=gray, myel=spinal cord, -itis=inflammation) |
| prognosis | a prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease. (plural, prognoses) |
| pyoderma | any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection such as impetigo. (py/o=pus, -derma=skin) |
| pyrosis | also known as heartburn. discomfort due to the regurgitation of stomach acid upward into the esophagus. (pyr=fever or fire, -osis=abnormal condition or disease) |
| remission | the temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease without having achieved a cure. |
| sign | objective evidence of disease, such as a fever. This can be evaluated or measured by the patient or others. |
| supination | the act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward. |
| suppuration | the formation of pus. |
| supracostal | above or outside the ribs. (super-, supra=above or excessive) |
| symptom | subjective evidence of a disease, such as pain or a headache. This can only be evaluated or measured by the patient. |
| syndrome | a set of signs and symptoms that occur together as part of a specific disease process. |
| tenorrhaphy | the surgical suturing of a tendon. (ten/o=tendon, -rrhaphy=surgical suturing) |
| tonsillitis | an inflammation of the tonsils. (tonsill=tonsils, -itis=inflammation) |
| trauma | a wound or injury. |
| triage | the medical screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need and the proper place of treatment. |
| viral | pertaining to a virus. (vir=virus or poison, -al=pertaining to) |
| word root | contains the basic meaning of the term. This word part usually--but not always--indicates the involved body part. |
| combining form | a word root with a combining vowel added at the end used when two word roots are combined or when a suffix beginning with a consonant is added. |
| leukocyte | a white blood cell. (leuk/o=white, -cyte=cell) |
| melanoma | a type of skin cancer. (melan=black, -oma=tumor) |
| neuroplasty | the surgical repair of a nerve. (neur/o=nerve, -plasty=surgical repair) |
| tonsillectomy | surgical removal of the tonsils. (tonsill=tonsil, -ectomy=surgical removal) |
| cranium | the portion of the skull that encloses the brain. (crani=skull, -um=noun ending) |
| cardiac | an adjective that means pertaining to the heart. (cardi=heart, -ac=pertaining to) |
| gastrodynia | pain in the stomach--same meaning as gastralgia, not commonly used. (gastr/o=stomach, -dynia=pain) |
| arteriomalacia | abnormal softening of the walls of an artery or arteries. (arteri/o=artery, -malacia=abnormal softening) |
| arterionecrosis | the tissue death of an artery or arteries. (arteri/o=artery, -necrosis=tissue death) |
| arteriostenosis | the abnormal narrowing of an artery or arteries. (arteri/o=artery, -stenosis=abnormal narrowing) |
| angiogram | the resulting film that is produced by angiography. (angi/o=blood vessel, -gram=picture or record) |
| myoplasty | the surgical repair of a muscle. (my/o=muscle, -plasty=surgical repair) |
| arthroscopy | the visual examination of the internal structure of a joint. (arthr/o=joint, -scopy=visual examination) |
| prenatal | the time and events before birth. (pre=before, nat=birht, -al=pertaining to) |
| perinatal | the time and events surrounding birth. this is the time just before, during and just after birth. (peri=surrounding, nat=birth, -al=pertaining to) |
| postnatal | the time and events after birth. (post=aftern, nat=birth, -al=pertaining to) |
| abnormal | not normal or away from normal. (ab=away from) |
| addiction | being drawn toward or having a strong dependence on a drug or substance. (ad=toward or in the direction of) |
| dysfunctional | an organ or body part that is not working properly. (dys=bad, difficult, or painful) |
| eupnea | easy or normal breathing. (eu=good, normal, well, or easy) |
| subcostal | below a rib or ribs. (sub=under, less or below) |
| otolaryngology | the study of the ears and larynx or throat. (ot/o=ears, laryng=larynx, -ology=the study of) |
| lithotomy | a surgical incision for the removal of a stone. (lith=stone, -otomy=surgical incision) also the name of an examination position in which a female patient is lying on her back with her feet and legs raised and supported in stirrups. |
| appendicitis | an inflammation of the appendix. (appendic=appendix, -itis=inflammation) |
| atheroma | a fatty deposit within the wall of an artery. (ather=fatty substance, -oma=tumor) |
| pyelotomy | a surgical incision into the renal pelvis to remove obstructions such as a kidney stone. (pyel=renal pelvis, -otomy=surgical incision) |
| differential diagnosis | also known as a rule out. an attempt to determine which one of several possible diseases is causing the signs and symptoms that are present. |
| chronic | a condition that is of long duration. Such diseases can be controlled, but are rarely cured. |
| disease | a condition in which one or more body parts are not functioning normally. |
| laser | an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. |
| ileum | the last and longest portion of the small intestine. (memory aid: spelled with an "e" as in intestine) |
| ilium | part of the hip bone. (memory aid: spelled with an "i" as in hip) |
| meningitis | an infection in the meninges. (mening=meninges, -itis=infection) |
| tendinitis | inflammation of the tendons. (tendin-tendons, -itis=inflammation) |
| exudate | any fluid, such as pus, that leaks out of an infected wound. |
| mucous | the specialized membranes that line the body cavities. |
| mucus | refers to the fluid secreted by the mucous membranes. |
| pyelitis | the inflammation of the renal pelvis. (pyel=renal pelvis, -itis=inflammation) |
| virile | having the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male. |
Created by:
arae90
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