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CCMA CH 7

CCMA CH 7 REVIEW (Pathophysiology - Respiratory)

TermDefinition
Asthma causes: allergens, pollutants... symptoms: wheezing, coughing, feeling of chest tightness treatment: avoiding allergens/irritants, rescue inhaler, anti-inflammatory steroid inhalers, leukotriene-receptor antagonists, steroid injection for acute episode
Atelectasis causes: cystic fibrosis, COPD, pleurisy, lung cancer, spontaneous symptoms: dyspnea, cyanosis, diaphoresis, pain treatment: thoracentesis, chest percussion, deep breathing exercises, intermittent positive-pressure, breathing
Bronchitis causes: viral, environmental pollutants, cigarettes smoke symptoms: yellow-gray or green productive cough, chest tightness, dyspnea, fever treatment: cough medicine, humidifier, inhalers, antibiotics in some cases
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) causes: smoking, environmental pollutants symptoms: dyspnea, hypoxia, fatigue, cough treatment: smoking cessation, inhalers, lung transplant (extreme cases)
Emphysema causes: damage to the alveoli caused by cigarette smoke, pollutants, specific types of dust symptoms: SOB, chronic cough, fatigue treatment: smoking cessation, avoiding cold environments, antibiotics for secondary lung infections
Influenza causes: respiratory virus symptoms: fever, muscle pain, fatigue, sore throat, rhinorrhea treatment: symptomatic, OTC analgesics for aches/fever, antiviral medications
Legionnaires' disease causes: Legionella bacteria that grow in standing water symptoms: dyspnea, cough, headache, fever treatment: antibiotics, respiratory medications, oxygen, fever medications (antipyretic)
Pneumonia causes: bacterial, viral, parasitic symptoms: thick, colored sputum, dyspnea, fever, cough treatment: rest, antibiotics, OTC analgesics
Pulmonary edema causes: CHF, myocardial infarction, heart valve disorders, drowning, injury symptoms: orthopnea, dyspnea, wheeze, productive cough, weight gain, pallor treatment: oxygen therapy, diuretics
Pulmonary embolism causes: blood clot blocking an artery in the lung symptoms: dyspnea, chest pain, cough, fainting, rapid, onset of SOB, diaphoresis treatment: circulation support (compression hose), rest, anticoagulant medication, surgically implanted filter
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) causes: viral symptoms: fever, headache, dry cough treatment: rest, antiviral medication
Tuberculosis (TB) causes: bacterial symptoms: chronic cough, weight loss, fatigue, night sweats, painful/difficult breathing treatment: isolation if symptomatic, medication therapy for 6-12 months
Created by: linju156
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