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CCMA CH 7
CCMA CH 7 REVIEW (Pathophysiology - Cardiovascular)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hypertension | causes: arterial narrowing, increased arterial pressure, smoking, kidney disease, too much alcohol symptoms: hyperhidrosis, fatigue, muscle cramps, headaches, dizziness treatment:treatment of underlying cause, stress management, antihypertensive meds |
| Angina | causes: coronary artery narrowing, atherosclerosis symptoms: pain/tightness in chest treatment: sublingual nitroglycerin, treatment of underlying condition |
| Coronary Artery Disease (Atherosclerosis) | causes: arterial fat/cholesterol buildup, smoking, obesity, sedentary lifestyle symptoms: usually no symptoms prior to heart attack treatment: lipid-lowering meds, low-fat diet, exercise, smoking cessation, coronary artery bypass grafting (severe cases) |
| Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack) | causes: coronary artery blockage, atherosclerosis, blood clot symptoms: squeezing chest pain that radiates, SOB, diaphoresis, dizziness, nausea treatment: aspirin, CPR (unconscious), defibrillation, anticoagulant meds, immediate emergency protocol |
| Aneurysm | causes: atherosclerosis, smoking, high-cholesterol diet, obesity symptoms: usually none, possible back pain, tachycardia, dizziness treatment: surgery |
| Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) | causes: smoking, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, high-cholesterol diet, hypertension symptoms: SOB, wheezing, peripheral edema in legs, irregular heartbeat treatment: meds for tachycardia, diuretic meds for edema, antihypertensive meds |
| Mitral Valve Prolapse | causes: usually unknown, hereditary or related to nervous system disorders symptoms: mild causes usually have no symptoms, severe cases can have SOB and palpitations treatment: none for mild, meds to treat symptoms, surgery to repair |
| Thrombophlebitis | causes: prolonged periods of inactivity, hormone replacement therapy, cancer paralysis thrombophlebitis symptoms: pain in affected area, redness, swelling treatment: heat, compression stockings, anticoagulant meds, surgery |