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CCMA CH 6
CCMA CH 6 REVIEW (Body Systems - Endocrine)
| Term | Definition or Function |
|---|---|
| endocrine system | system made up of organs and glands that produce, store, and release hormones |
| exocrine glands | release hormones into duct for delivery to target cells |
| endocrine glands | release hormones directly into the blood stream |
| hormones | chemicals used by the body to increase or decrease activity of the hormone's specific target cells |
| adrenal glands | - (cortex) aldosterone: regulates electrolytes, fluid volume - (cortex) cortisol: regulates carbohydrates - (medulla) epinephrine: fight-or-flight response - (medulla) norepinephrine: vasoconstrictor |
| hypothalamus | - antidiuretic hormone: stimulates reabsorption of water in kidneys - oxytocin: stimulates uterine contractions during labor and release of milk |
| ovaries | - estrogen: development of secondary sex characteristic in females; regulates menses - progesterone: prepared body for pregnancy |
| pancreas | - (alpha cells) glucagon: increases blood sugar - (beta cells) insulin: decreases blood sugar |
| parathyroid gland | - parathyroid hormone: regulates calcium |
| pineal gland | - melatonin: regulates onset of puberty; biological clock |
| testes | - testosterone: sperm production, secondary sex characteristics in males |
| thymus | - thymosin: development of cells in the immune system |
| pituitary gland (anterior) part 1 | - growth: stimulates body growth - melanocyte-stimulating: stimulates skin pigment - adrenocorticotropic: regulates adrenal cortex |
| pituitary gland (anterior) part 2 | - thyroid-stimulating: regulates thyroid gland - follicle-stimulating: stimulates growth of ova and sperm - luteinizing & prolactin: stimulates ovulation (females) and testosterone production (males) |
| pituitary gland (posterior) | - antidiuretic hormone: stimulates reabsorption of water in kidneys - oxytocin: stimulates uterine contractions during labor and release of breast milk |
| thyroid gland | - T3 and T4: cellular metabolism - calcitonin: increases bone calcium |
| (cortex) aldosterone | regulates electrolytes, fluid volume |
| (cortex) cortisol | regulates carbohydrates |
| (medulla) epinephrine | fight-or-flight response |
| (medulla) norepinephrine | vasoconstrictor |
| antidiuretic hormone | stimulates reabsorption of water in kidneys |
| oxytocin | stimulates uterine contractions during labor and release of milk |
| estrogen | development of secondary sex characteristics in females; regulates menses |
| progesterone | prepares body for pregnancy |
| (alpha cells) glucagon | increases blood sugar |
| (beta cells) insulin | decreases blood sugar |
| parathyroid hormone | regulates calcium |
| melatonin | regulates onset of puberty; biological clock |
| testosterone | sperm production; secondary characteristics in males |
| thymosin | development of cells in the immune system |
| growth hormone | stimulates body growth |
| melanocyte-stimulating hormone | stimulates skin pigment |
| adrenocorticotropic hormone | regulates adrenal cortex |
| thyroid-stimulating hormone | regulates thyroid gland |
| follicle-stimulating hormone | stimulates growth of ova and sperm |
| luteinizing and prolactin hormone | stimulates ovulation (females) and testosterone production (males) |
| T3 and T4 | cellular metabolism |
| calcitonin | increases bone calcium |