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EDF3110
EDF
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Identity versus Role Confusion | Defining who you are, value, and direction in life Commitments to, relationships, sexual orientation, ideals vs. Lack of direction and self-definition; Restricted exploration in adolescence; Unprepared for challenges of adulthood |
| Self esteem in adolescence | Continues to gain new dimensions (close friendships, romantic appeal, job competance) Generally rises, but drops temporarily at school transitions Parenting style affects quality and stability of self esteem |
| Identity moratorium | means “delay or holding pattern.” These individuals have not yet made definite commitments. They are in the process of exploring—gathering information and trying out activities, with the desire to find values and goals to guide their lives. |
| Effective parenting of adolescents | authoritative parenting: * balancing autonomy-granting with monitoring ○ balance between connection & separation ○ extra challenging during adolescence ○ make s appropriate demands for maturity |
| Telomeres | special type of DNA located at the ends of chromosomes, serving as a “cap” to protect the ends from destruction(shortens) Eventually, so little remain the cells stop duplicating. Acts as a brake against somatic mutations (such as those involved in cancer) |
| “random events” view of aging | Random hiccups in processes they can cause mutations in cancer |
| T cells | part of the immune system that focuses on specific foreign particles, they circulate until they encounter a specific antigen |
| Development of Epistemic Cognition (Perry) | our reflections on how we arrived at facts, beliefs, and ideas |
| Impact of attending college in early adulthood | Formative, influential “developmental testing ground” ● Being exposed to new ideas, beliefs, and demands fosters: ○ New ways of thinking (relativistic thinking) ○ Increased self-understanding ○ Depends on participation in campus life |
| Cognitive-affective complexity | awareness of conflicting positive and negative feelings and coordination of them into a complex, organized structure. |
| atherosclerosis | thickening and hardening of the artery caused by a buildup of fat, cholesterol, and other substances |
| Individual/cultural differences in emerging adulthood | in developed nations higher SES we experience where you have the chance to not be a full adult and can still depend of parents vs low SES you might live in a developing nation where u aren't wealthy or you might be a teen mom |
| Levinson’s season of life in early adulthood | Early adult transition: ○ Dream – image of themselves ○ Mentor ● “Age-30 transition”: ○ reevaluate life structure ○ often focus on underdeveloped aspects ○ men “settle down” ○ women less settled: ■ occupational, relationship commitments |
| Robert Sternberg’s triangular theory of love | * Intimacy – warm, tender communication ● Passion – romance, physical ● Commitment – cognitive component (trust) CONSUMMATE LOVE CONSISTS OF ALL THREE |
| Traditional v. egalitarian marriage | Traditional: consists of clear division of roles --> women cares for children and husband and the home; men serves as the head of household and provides economic support Egalitarian: partners as equals --> share authority, balance in attention, home |
| Predictors of marriage stability & success | ● Family background: similar ● Age at marriage: older than 23 yrs ● Length of courtship: > 6 months ● Timing of first pregnancy: > 1 year of marriage ● Relationship to extended family: positive ● Financial and employment status: secure ● Family resp |
| Gender roles & parenthood | * often become more traditional with first birth ○ with second birth, pull back from traditional roles |
| Presbyopia | farsightedness, "old eyes" thickening of the lens and weakening of the ciliary muscles |
| Physical changes in the skeleton in middle adulthood | become more porous, loss in bone density, bones broaden, loss in bone strength, disk collapse --> height shrinkage, bones fracture easily and heals more slowly |
| climacteric | the midlife transition in which fertility declines in men and women the period leading up to menopause vaginal dryness decrease in the hormones erectile dysfunction |
| Cancer in middle adulthood | 1/3 of U.S. midlife deaths * results from gene mutations * more men than women *higher death rates among those low SES *survival brings emotional challenges Men-prostate Women-breast Deadliest-lung |
| Osteoporosis | severe bone loss, fragile bones; 80% women Causes: normal aging: -with age, bones more porous, lose bone mass -estrogen drop -heredity, body build-smaller frame -lifestyle-diet, activity, alcohol Woman develop it earlier, men often get overlooked |
| Menopause physical and emotional symptoms | * Hot flashes & mood fluctuations ○ Decreased sexual functioning ○ decreased skin elasticity, loss of bone mass * sleep difficulties * depression associated with climacteric, declines after menopause |
| Erikson’s generativity v. Stagnation | In some position to give and guide the next generation Extending commitment beyond self and partner May be realized through parenting or other relationships v. Self-centered; Lack of concern w/ younger generation; Focus on what u get not give |
| Destruction-creation task | Person focuses on ways he or she has acted destructively in past , try to create products of value |
| Engagement–separation task | person must forge a better balance between engagement with the external world and separateness may mean reducing concern with achievement in favor of attending more fully to oneself. |
| Life regrets in midlife | Attractive opportunities for life- changing activities they did not pursue or lifestyle changes they did not make. (romance, family, education, career, finances, parenting, health) |
| Possible selves | future-oriented representations of what one hopes to become and what one fears becoming May become more temporal (time-oriented) with age Possible selves may help with adjustment & self-esteem |
| Big 5 Personality trait descriptions | Openness to experience – imaginative Conscientiousness – hard working Extroversion – talkative Agreeableness – trusting Neuroticism – temperamental |
| Gender Identity in Middle Adulthood | Women increase in “masculine” traits ● Men increase in “feminine” traits ● Complex combination of social roles & life conditions leads to ride in midlife angrogony ● Positive outcomes |
| Chronological v. functional age | chronological is like actual age functional is how you do task |
| Life expectancy in different cultures | Japan has highest life expectancy |
| Cardiovascular changes in late adulthood | muscles in heart start to stiffen less oxygen delivered to tissue vital lung capacity reduced to half slower heart rate and blood flow |
| Alzheimer’s disease (Most common form of dementia) | Earliest symptoms are progressively worsening memory problems-forgetting names, dates. recent memory is most impaired, as serious disoriention sets in, recall of distant events and basic facts evaporate. Faulty judgment puts person in danger. |
| Fluid v. crystallized intelligence in late adulthood | crystalized is the library of knowledge and wisdom you had while fluid is problem capabilities processing speed slows |
| “Heinz dilemma” | pits the value of obeying the law (not stealing) against the value of human life (saving a dying person): |
| Kohlberg’s stages of moral development -preconventional level | Stage1: punishment and obedience (ex: fear of authority) Stage 2:instrumental purpose (ex: reciprocity or trading) |
| Kohlberg’s stages of moral development-conventional level | Stage3:"Good bye-good girl" (morality of interpersonal cooperation) (Ex: golden rule) Stage4:Social-order-maintaining (Ex:laws applied to same to everyone) |
| Kohlberg’s stages of moral development- Postconventional or principled level | Stage5:Social contract (Ex: free &willing participation, brings more good than if it didn't exist) Stage6:Universal ethical principle (Ex: respect for worth and dignity) |
| Emotion-focused coping | internal, private control distress when the situation can't be changed ineffective when self-blaming, impulsive, escapist ( Flexibly moving between the two styles reduces stress) |
| problem-centered coping | identify and appraise problems choose and implement potential solutions ( Flexibly moving between the two styles reduces stress) |
Created by:
Chocot
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