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Unit 6 Respiratory
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| anoxia | The absence of oxygen from the body's tissues and organs even though there is an adequate flow of blood. |
| asphyxia | The loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get the oxygen it needs to function. |
| bradypnea | An abnormally slow rate of respiration, usually of less than 10 breaths per minute. |
| bronchodilator | A medication that relaxes and expands the bronchial passages into the lungs |
| bronchorrhea | An excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi. |
| croup | An acute respiratory syndrome in children and infants characterized by obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and swelling around the vocal cords, resulting in a barking cough and stridor. |
| dysphonia | Difficulty in speaking, which may include any impairment in vocal quality, including hoarseness, weakness, or the cracking of a boy's voice during puberty. |
| dyspnea | Difficult or labored breathing; also known as shortness of breath. |
| emphysema | The progressive, long-term loss of lung function, usually due to smoking. |
| hemothorax | A collection of blood in the pleural cavity. |
| hyperpnea | An increase in the depth and rate of the respiratory movements. |
| hypopnea | Shallow or slow respiration. |
| hypoxemia | The condition of having low oxygen levels in the blood |
| hypoxia | The condition of having deficient oxygen levels in the body's tissues and organs; less severe than anoxia. |
| laryngitis | Inflammation of the larynx; also commonly used to describe voice loss that is caused by this inflammation. |
| nebulizer | An electronic device that pumps air or oxygen through a liquid medicine to turn it into a vapor, which is then inhaled by the patient via a face mask or mouthpiece. |
| otolaryngologist | A physician with specialized training in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the head and neck. |
| pharyngitis | inflammation of the pharynx. |
| phlegm | Thick mucus secreted by the tissues lining the respiratory passages. |
| pneumonia | serious inflammation of the lungs in which the alveoli and air passages fill with pus and other liquid. |
| pneumothorax | accumulation of air in the pleural space, causing a pressure imbalance that causes the lung to fully or partially collapse. |
| pulmonologist | A physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the respiratory system. |
| pulse oximeter | An external monitor placed on the patient's fingertip or earlobe to measure the oxygen saturation level in the blood. |
| sleep apnea | A potentially serious disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep for long enough periods to cause a measurable decrease in blood oxygen levels. |
| spirometer | A recording device that measures the amount of air inhaled or exhaled and the length of time required for each breath. |
| tachypnea | An abnormally rapid rate of respiration, usually of more than 20 breaths per minute. |
| thoracentesis | The surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity. |
| tracheostomy | The surgical creation of a stoma into the trachea in order to insert a temporary or permanent tube to facilitate breathing. |
| tracheotomy | An emergency procedure in which an incision is made into the trachea to gain access to the airway below a blockage. |
| tuberculosis | An infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that usually attacks the lungs; also known as TB, it can also affect other parts of the body. |
| ABG | arterial blood gas |
| CO2 | carbon dioxide |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder |
| CPAP | continuous positive airway pressure |
| CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
| C&S | culture & sensitivity |
| CXR | chest x-ray |
| H2O | water |
| IPPB | intermittent positive pressure breathing |
| O2 | oxygen |
| PACU | postanesthesia care unit |
| PE | pulmonary embolism |
| PET | positron-emission tomography |
| Post-op | after surgery |
| Pre-op | before surgery |
| VQ scan | ventilation–perfusion scan |
| R or RR | respiratory rate |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| TB | tuberculosis |
| URI | upper respiratory infection |
| bronch/o or bronchi/o | Bronchial tube, bronchus |
| laryng/o | larynx |
| nas/o | nose |
| ox/i, ox/o, ox/y | oxygen |
| pharyng/o | pharynx |
| phon/o | voice or sound |
| pleur/o | Pleura |
| -pnea | breathing |
| pneum/o, pneumon/o, pneu- | lung or air |
| pulm/o, pulmon/o | lung |
| sinus/o | sinus |
| somn/o | sleep |
| spir/o | to breathe |
| thorac/o, -thorax | thorax |
| trache/o | trachea |
| ARDS | acute respiratory distress syndrome |
| CF | cystic fibrosis |
| ETT | endotracheal intubation |
| FESS | functional endoscopic sinus surgery |
| HBOT | hyperbaric oxygen therapy |
| MDI | metered-dose inhaler |
| PFT | pulmonary function tests |
| RF | respiratory failure |
| epiglott/o | epiglottis |
| alveol/o | alveolus |
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