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Anthropology Quiz 1

Anthropology The study of the full scope of human diversity, past and present, and the application of that knowledge to help people of different backgrounds better understand each other
Ethnocentrism Belief ones own culture or way of life is what's normal and natural
Ethnographic Fieldwork primary research strategy in cultural anthropology, typically involved with living and interacting with a community to better understand them
Four Field Approach use of four interrelated disciplines to study humanity, cultural anthropology, biological anthropology, linguistic anthropology, and archaeology
Holism Anthropological commitment to look at the whole picture of human life including culture, biology, history, and language across space and time
Cultural Anthropology study of peoples communities, behaviors, beliefs, and institutions, including how people make meaning as they live, work, and play together
Participant Observation a key anthropological research strategy involving both participation in and observation of the daily life of the people being studied
Globalization The worldwide intensification of interactions and increased movement of money, people, goods, and ideas within and across national borders
Key Dynamic of Globalization: Time-Space Compression the rapid innovation of communication and transportation technologies associated with globalization that transforms the way people think about space and time
Flexible Accumulation The flexible strategies that corporations use to accumulate profits in an era of globalization enabled by innovative communication and transportation technologies
Increasing Migration The accelerated movement of people within and between countries
Uneven Development the unequal distribution of the benefits of globalization
Culture A system of knowledge, beliefs, patterns of behavior, artifacts, and institutions that are created, learned, shared, and contested by a group of people
Enculturation The process of learning culture
Culture is... Learned and taught, shared yet contested, and symbolic and material
Norms Ideas or rules about how people should behave in particular situations or towards others
Values Fundamental beliefs about what is important, what makes a good life, what is true and right, etc
Symbols Anything that represents something else
Mental Maps of Reality Cultural classifications of what kinds of people and things exist, and the assignment of meaning to those classifications
Unilineal Cultural Evolution The theory proposed by 19th century anthropologists that all cultures naturally evolve through the same sequence of stages from simple to complex. Savage --> barbarian --> civilized
Historical Particularism The idea attributed to Francis Boa that cultures develop specific ways because of their unique histories
Structural Functionalism the idea that each element of society serves a particular function to keep the entire system in equilibrium
Interpretivist Approach Sees culture primarily as a symbolic system of deep meaning
Power the ability or potential to bring about change through action or influence
Stratification the uneven distributions of resources and privileges among participants in a group or culture
Agency The potential pattern of individuals and groups to contest cultural norms, values, mental maps of reality, symbols, institutions, and structures of power
Cultural Relativism the view that ethical and social standards reflect the cultural context from which they were deferred
Hegemony The ability of dominant group to create consent and agreement within a population without the use or threat of force
Created by: abedtv
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