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BioStats
Chapters 1-3
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Parameter | number describing the whole population |
Statistic | number describing a sample of the population |
Discrete data | whole concrete numbers, fixed data and is countable. Ex/ people in a class, test questions answered correctly. |
Continuous data | Constant sequence, measurable. Ex/ height, weight and length. |
Nominal | Categories and labels |
Ordinal | Categories, labels and ranks |
Interval | Categories, labels, ranks and equal intervals |
Ratio | Categories, labels, ranks, equal intervals and true zero |
Relative Frequency | number of times an event happens divided by the total number of events |
Epidemiology | study of occurrence of illness, distribution of determinants of disease and injury |
public health | efforts organized by society to protect, promote and restore the peoples health |
Health | ‘‘a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.’’ |
Thomas Sydenham | stressed the need for careful observation for the advancement of health care. Using information combed from patients’ records, Sydenham wrote about the prevalent diseases of his day |
John Graunt | earliest tallying od death |
Induction | occurs in the interval between a casual action and point of disease occurrence |
Latent period | after the disease becomes inevitable |
Gradient of infection | level of transmission and rates of speed |
Measure of disease frequency | quantify how often a disease or condition occurs within a given population. |
Measure of occurrence | measures of disease frequency |
Cohorts | closed populations |
Incidence proportion | # of disease onsets/# of individuals at Risk at beginning of follow up |
Incidence rate | # of disease onset/sum of person-time at risk |
prevalence | # of individuals with the condition/# of individuals considered |
Risk Ration (RR) | describes association between an exposure and disease |
μ | Expected number of cases |