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HSA5103 Quiz #3
Acronyms Quiz #3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| NAB - National Association of Boards of Examiners of Long-Term Care Administrators | The leading authority on licensing, credentialing and regulating administrators of organizations along the continuum of long term care. |
| NAPBC - National Action Plan on Breast Cancer | A public-private partnership created to eliminate the epidemic of breast cancer. Provides support for novel, creative pilot research & outreach projects that, if successful, will yield exceptionally important new information on breast cancer. |
| NCCAM - National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine | Supports basic and clinical research, issues training and career development awards, and sponsors outreach activities, with the goal of enabling integration of scientifically proven complementary and alternative practices with conventional medicine. |
| NCHS - National Center for Health Statistics | Compiles statistical information to guide actions and policies to improve the health of the population. A unique public resource for health information—a critical element of public health and health policy. |
| NCQA - National Committee for Quality Assurance | A private, not-for-profit organization dedicated to improving the quality of health care. The organization's primary activities are assessing and reporting on the quality of the nation's managed care plans. |
| NF - nursing facility | A facility with the staff and equipment to give skilled nursing care and/or skilled rehabilitation services and other related health services. |
| NGC - National Guideline Clearinghouse | A database of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines and related documents. a public resource website for evidence-based clinical practice guidelines run by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. |
| NHC - neighborhood health center | An array of organizations, typically nonprofit or public entities that provide services in medically underserved areas. Exist where economic, geographic, or cultural barriers limit access to primary health care for a substantial portion of the population. |
| NHE - national health expenditures | The amount spent on health care and related activities such as private and public health insurance, health research, and public health activities. |
| NHI - national health insurance | Sometimes called statutory health insurance (SHI), is a system of health insurance that insures a national population against the costs of health care. It may be administered by the public sector, the private sector, or a combination of both. |
| NHS - national health system or U.K. National Health System | Single-payer system, in which a single government entity acts as the administrator to collect all health care fees, and pay out all health care costs. Medical services are publicly financed but not publicly provided. |
| NHSC- National Health Service Corp | Builds healthy communities by supporting qualified health care providers dedicated to working in areas of the United States with limited access to care. |
| NICE - National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence | Provides national guidance and advice to improve health and social care. An executive non-departmental public body, sponsored by the Department of Health and Social Care. |
| NIH - National Institute of Health | The primary Federal agency for conducting and supporting medical research. |
| NIMH - National Institute of Mental Health | Conducts and supports research that seeks to understand, treat, and prevent mental illness. |
| NP - nurse practitioner | A nurse who is qualified to treat certain medical conditions without the direct supervision of a doctor. |
| NPP - non-physician practitioner | Nurse practitioners, clinical nurse specialists, and physician assistants are health care providers who practice either in collaboration with or under the supervision of a physician. |
| NRP - National Response Plan | An all-discipline, all-hazards plan that establishes a single, comprehensive framework for the management of domestic incidents. |
| OAM - Office of Alternative Medicine | Established within the Office of the Director, NIH, to facilitate study and evaluation of complementary and alternative medical practices and to disseminate the resulting information to the public. |
| OBRA - Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act | A set of national minimum set of standards of care and rights for people living in certified nursing facilities. Enacted into federal law in 1987. |
| OD - Doctor of Optometry | Eye health care providers. They examine, diagnose, treat and manage diseases and disorders of the eye. |
| OI - opportunistic infection | Illnesses that occur more frequently and are more severe in people with HIV. Due to damaged immune systems. |
| OPPS - Outpatient Prospective Payment System | The system through which Medicare decides how much money a hospital or community mental health center will get for outpatient care provided to patients with Medicare. The rate of reimbursement varies with the location of the hospital or clinic. |
| OT - occupational therapist | A form of therapy for those recuperating from physical or mental illness that encourages rehabilitation through the performance of activities required in daily life. |
| OWH - Office on Women's Health | The office serves as a central point for women's health and raises visibility of risk factors and other conditions that impact women and girls' health. |
| P4P - pay-for-performance | Aimed at improving the quality, efficiency, and overall value of health care. Provides financial incentives to hospitals, physicians, and other health care providers to carry out such improvements and achieve optimal outcomes for patients |
| PA - physician assistant | Work in all areas of medicine, including primary care and family medicine, emergency medicine, and psychiatry. Practice medicine on teams with physicians, surgeons, and other healthcare workers. They examine, diagnose, and treat patients. |
| PACE - Program of All Inclusive Care for the Elderly | Provides comprehensive medical and social services to certain elderly most of whom are dually eligible for Medicare and Medicaid benefits. The goal is to keep participants out of a nursing home as long as possible. |
| PAHPA - Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Act | To improve the Nation's public health and medical preparedness and response capabilities for emergencies, whether deliberate, accidental, or natural.” |
| PASRR - Preadmission Screening and Resident Review | A federal requirement to help ensure that individuals are not inappropriately placed in nursing homes for long term care. A screening done prior to admission, to determine if the person has, a mental illness, intellectual disability, or related condition. |
| PBMs - pharmacy benefits managers | Companies who manage prescription drug benefits on behalf of health insurers, Medicare Part D drug plans, large employers, & other payers. Negotiating w/ manufacturers & pharmacies to control drug spending. Ex. CVS, Express Scripts, & UnitedHealth's Optum |
| PCCM - primary care case management | A medical care model in which patients are assigned to a primary care physician who is responsible for managing the quality, appropriateness, and efficiency of the care they receive. |
| PCMH - patient-centered medical home | Accountable for meeting the large majority of each patient’s physical and mental health care needs, including prevention and wellness, acute care, and chronic care. Providing comprehensive care requires a team of care providers. |
| PCP - primary care physician | A specialist in family medicine, general internal medicine or general pediatrics who provides definitive care to the patient at the point of first contact, and takes continuing responsibility for providing the patient's comprehensive care. |
| PDP - stand-alone prescription drug plan | Separate prescription drug coverage that Medicare beneficiaries can purchase – through private insurers – usually to supplement Original Medicare. |
| PERS - personal emergency response system | An electronic device which enables certain individuals at high risk of institutionalization to secure help in an emergency. The individual may also wear a portable "help" button to allow for mobility. |
| PET - positron emission tomography | An imaging technology in which substances containing positron-emitting isotopes are introduced into the body, allowing the precise location of physiological processes by detection of the gamma rays produced by the isotopes. |
| PFFS - private fee-for-service | A type of Medicare Advantage plan (Part C) administered by a private insurance company. The plan determines how much you must pay when you get care. Doctors decide whether to accept patients with PFFS plans. |
| PharmD - Doctor of Pharmacy | A professional doctorate degree needed to become a pharmacist. |
| PhD - Doctor of Philosophy | A doctorate in any discipline except medicine, or sometimes theology |
| PHI - personal health information | HIPAA Privacy Rule provides federal protections held by covered entities and gives patients an array of rights with respect to their personal information. |
| PHO - physician-hospital organization | A legal entity formed by hospitals and physicians that allow them to come together to pursue common interests in a collaborative manner. Can act as a single unit to develop comprehensive services arrangements with managed care companies and other payers. |
| PhRMA - Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America | Lobbies on behalf of pharmaceutical companies. Headquartered in Washington, DC. The organization has lobbied fiercely against allowing Medicare to negotiate drug prices for Medicare recipients. |
| PMPM - per member per month | The amount of money paid or received on a monthly basis for each individual enrolled in a managed care plan, often referred to as capitation. |
| POH - physician-owned hospital | any participating hospital in which a physician, or an immediate family member of a physician has an ownership or investment interest in the hospital. |
| POS - point-of-service (plan) | A type of managed care plan that is a hybrid of HMO and PPO plans. Provides different benefits for using in-network or out-of-network providers. |
| PPD - per-patient day (rate) | A metric used to measure the number of patient days for a particular hospital or healthcare facility. Calculated by dividing the total number of patient days by the number of patient days worked by all staff members during a specified period of time. |
| PPM - physician practice management | Oversees all non-clinical practice management tasks and services within a medical facility |
| PPO - preferred provider organization | A type of health plan that contracts with medical providers, such as hospitals and doctors, to create a network of participating providers. You pay less if you use providers that belong to the plan's network. |
| PPS - prospective payment system | A method of reimbursement in which Medicare payment is made based on a predetermined, fixed amount. The payment amount for a particular service is derived based on the classification system of that service. Ex. DRG for inpatient hospital services. |
| PRO - peer review organization | An organization with which the Medicare program and hospitals contract for quality and utilization review of services covered by the program. |
| PSHP - provider-sponsored health plan | Health plans wholly owned by a hospital or integrated health system licensed by the appropriate state regulatory agency/department that contract with employers, individuals or Medicare and Medicaid. |
| PSO - provider-sponsored organization | Health care delivery networks owned and operated by providers. Contract to deliver services to licensed health plans, self-insured employers, and other group purchasers. Often assume the risk that members of the groups will need health care services. |
| PSRO - professional standards review organization | Responsible for reviewing the medical necessity and appropriateness of inpatient admissions to hospitals and length of patient stays. |
| PsyD - Doctor of Psychology | A professional doctoral degree intended to prepare graduates for careers that apply scientific knowledge of psychology |
| PTA - physical therapy assistant | Provide physical therapist services under the direction and supervision of a physical therapist. Implement components of patient care, obtain data related to the treatments provided, and collaborate with the PT to modify care as necessary. |
| PTCA - percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty | A minimally invasive procedure that opens blocked coronary arteries to improve blood flow to the heart muscle. |
| PT - physical therapist | The treatment of disease, injury, or deformity by physical methods such as massage, heat treatment, and exercise rather than by drugs or surgery. |
| QALY - quality-adjusted life year | Equal to 1 year of life in perfect health. Calculated by estimating the years of life remaining for a patient following a particular treatment or intervention and weighting each year with a quality-of-life score (on a 0 to 1 scale). |
| QI - quality indicator | Standardized, evidence-based measures of health care quality that can be used with readily available hospital inpatient administrative data to measure and track clinical performance and outcomes. |
| QIO - quality improvement organization | A group of health quality experts, clinicians, and consumers organized to improve the quality of care delivered to people with Medicare. |
| R&D - research and development | Work directed toward the innovation, introduction, and improvement of products and processes. |
| RBRVS - resource-based relative value scales | The way Medicare determines how much it will pay physicians, based on the resource costs needed to provide a Medicare-covered service. Calculated using three components: physician work, practice expense and professional insurance. |
| RN - registered nurse | A nurse who has graduated from a college's nursing program or from a school of nursing and has passed a national licensing exam. |
| RUGs - resource utilization groups | A system for grouping nursing home residents according to their clinical and functional status as identified by way of a facility's minimum data set, which is published by the US Department of Health and Human Services. |
| RVUs - relative value units | The expenses that go into running the practice aside from the physician time. They include things such as rent, equipment, supplies, and staff other than physicians. |
| RWJF - Robert Wood Johnson Foundation | Works with others to identify, understand, confront, and remove the structural barriers to health and well-being, including racism, powerlessness, discrimination, and their consequences. |
| SAMHSA - Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration | Works to improve substance abuse and mental health treatment services to those who are most in need of them. |
| SARS - severe acute respiratory syndrome | An infectious disease with symptoms including fever and cough and in some cases progressing to pneumonia and respiratory failure. It is caused by a coronavirus. |
| SAV - small area variations | The observation of variation in population-based use of medical services across relatively small geographic areas. population-based use of services by people implicitly connected with a specific medical center, even if they have not used its services. |
| SES - socioeconomic status | The social standing or class of an individual or group. It is often measured as a combination of education, income, and occupation. |
| SGR - sustainable growth rate | The maximum rate of growth that a company can sustain without raising additional equity or taking on new debt. |
| SHI - socialized health insurance | A healthcare system in which the government owns and operates healthcare facilities and employs the healthcare professionals, thus also paying for all healthcare services. |
| SMI - supplementary medical insurance | An additional insurance plan that helps pay for healthcare costs that are not covered by a person's regular health insurance plan. These costs include copayments, coinsurance, and deductibles. |
| SNF - skilled nursing facility | Provided by trained registered nurses in a medical setting under a doctor's supervision. It's the same level of nursing care you get in the hospital. Patients may go from the hospital to this facility to recovering after an illness, injury or surgery. |
| SPECT - single-photon emission computed tomography | A type of nuclear medicine test that uses a radiotracer (a special contrast agent), that is injected through your vein. Scan lets your doctor analyze your body's organs, tissue and bones. A radioactive substance & a special camera to create 3D pictures. |
| SSI - Supplemental Security Income | Provides monthly payments to adults and children who have low income and resources, and who are blind or disabled. |
| STD - sexually transmitted disease | Generally acquired by sexual contact. The bacteria, viruses or parasites may pass from person to person in blood, semen, or vaginal and other bodily fluids. |
| TAH - total artificial heart | A pump that is placed in the chest to replace damaged heart ventricles and valves. |
| TANF - Temporary Assistance for Needy Families | Designed to help needy families achieve self-sufficiency. |
| TCU - transitional care unit | Short-term stay in a skilled nursing facility where people can receive further physical and occupational therapy |
| TEFRA - Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act | A federal law enacted in 1982 to increase revenue through a combination of spending cuts, tax increases, and tax reform measures. |
| TPA - third-party administrator | Provides operational services such as claims processing and employee benefits management under contract to another company. |
| TQM- total quality management | A system of management based on the principle that every staff member must be committed to maintaining high standards of work in every aspect of a company's operations. |
| UCR - usual, customary, and reasonable | The amount paid for a medical service in a geographic area based on what providers in the area usually charge for the same or similar medical service. |
| UR - utilization review | The prospective , concurrent, or retrospective review of any service to determine whether such service was properly authorized, constitutes a medically necessary service for purposes of benefit payment, & is a covered healthcare service under this plan. |
| VA - U.S Department of Veterans Affairs | An agency of the federal government that provides benefits, health care and cemetery services to military Veterans. The Secretary of the department, a cabinet-level official, is appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate. |
| VBP - Value-Based Purchasing/Payment | In contrast to traditional fee-for-service payment models that are based on the volume of care provided, reward providers based on achievement of quality goals and, in some cases, cost savings. |
| VHA - Veterans Health Administration | Provides primary care, specialized care, and related medical and social support services to American veterans. |
| VISN - Veterans Integrated Service Network | Regional systems of care working together to better meet local health care needs and provides greater access to care. |
| WHO - World Health Organization | The United Nations agency dedicated to global health and safety. The Organization connects nations, partners and communities to promote health and serve the vulnerable. |
| WIC - Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children | Provides nutritious food to low-income pregnant women and young mothers. |
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