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HSA5103 Quiz #2
Acronyms Quiz #2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| GAO - Government Accountability Office | Supports the Congress in meeting its constitutional responsibilities and helps improve the performance and accountability of the federal government for the benefit of the American people. |
| GDP - gross domestic product | A measure of all the goods and services produced by a nation in a given year. |
| GP - general practitioner | A medical doctor who is trained to provide primary healthcare to patients of either sex and any age. |
| GPO - Group Purchasing Organization | An entity that is created to leverage the purchasing power of a group of businesses to obtain discounts from vendors based on the collective buying power of its members |
| HAART - highly active antiretroviral therapy | Stops the virus from making copies of itself in the body. This may lessen the damage to the immune system caused by HIV and may slow down the development of AIDS. May help prevent transmission of HIV to others, including from mother to child during birth. |
| HCBS - home- and - community-based services | Types of person-centered care delivered in the home and community. Ex. A mobile health clinic that parks itself outside of a trusted community center. |
| HCBW - home-and-community-based waiver | Waiver enables states to tailor services to meet the needs of a particular target group. provide opportunities for Medicaid beneficiaries to receive services in their own home or community rather than institutions or other isolated settings. |
| HCH - Health Care for the Homeless | A grant program, funding primary & mental health, addiction, & social services w/ outreach & case management services. Grants go to community-based organizations for planning & delivering quality, accessible health care to the homelessness. |
| HCPCS - Healthcare Common Procedures Coding System | A collection of codes that represent procedures, supplies, products and services which may be provided to Medicare beneficiaries and to individuals enrolled in private health insurance programs |
| HDHP - high deductible health plan | Health insurance with a high minimum deductible for medical expenses that must be paid before insurance coverage kicks in. |
| HDHP/SO - high deductible health plan with a savings option | A health plan that combines a Health Savings Account or a Health Reimbursement Arrangement, trad. medical coverage & a tax-advantaged way to help save for future medical expenses while providing flexibility & discretion over how you use your health. |
| HEDIS - Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set | A set of performance measures designed to provide purchasers & consumers w/ the information needed for reliable comparison of health plan performance. Measures relate to public health issues, such as cancer, heart disease, smoking, asthma & diabetes. |
| HHRG - Home Health Resource Group | The case mix score, it is determined by answering certain OASIS data items in the clinical severity, functional status and service utilization domains. |
| HI - hospital insurance | A plan that pays you benefits when you are confined to a hospital, whether for planned or unplanned reasons, or for other medical services, depending on the policy. |
| HIAA - Health Insurance Association of America | The national association whose members provide health care coverage, services, and solutions to hundreds of millions of Americans every day. |
| Hib - Haemophilus influenzae serotype b | A type of bacteria that is commonly found in the nose and throat of children and adults. |
| HIO - health information organization | A group of healthcare facilities established to help patients and their authorized healthcare providers, treating the same patient, share — or exchange — relevant healthcare information. |
| HIPAA - Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act | A federal law enacted in 1996 that required the creation of national standards to protect sensitive patient health information from being disclosed without the patient's consent or knowledge. |
| HIT - health information technology | Involves the processing, storage, and exchange of health information in an electronic environment. Includes Electronic health Records (EHRs) |
| HITECH - Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act | Enacted in 2009. It provides HHS with the authority to establish programs to improve health care quality, safety, and efficiency through the promotion of health IT, including EHRs and private and secure electronic health information exchange. |
| HIV - human immunodeficiency virus | A virus that attacks the body's immune system. If not treated, it can lead to AIDS. |
| HMO - health maintenance organization | A health insurance plan that limits coverage to care from doctors who work for or contract within the network. It won't cover out-of-network care except in an emergency. It may require you to live or work in its service area to be eligible for coverage. |
| HMO Act - Health Maintenance Organization Act | Enacted by President Nixon in 1973. A Federal program to develop alternatives to the traditional forms of health care delivery and financing by assisting and encouraging the establishment and expansion of HMOs. |
| HPSAs - health professional shortage areas | Designations to identify areas, population groups, or facilities within the United States that are experiencing a shortage of health care professionals. |
| HPV - human papillomavirus | A virus with subtypes that cause diseases in humans ranging from common warts to cervical cancer. |
| HRA - health reimbursement arrangement | A health spending account provided and owned by an employer. The money in it pays for qualified expenses, like medical, pharmacy, dental and vision, as determined by the employer. |
| HRQL - health-related quality of life | An individual's or a group's perceived physical and mental health over time. |
| HRSA - Health Resource and Services Administration | Programs provide health care to people who are geographically isolated, economically, or medically vulnerable. This includes people living with HIV/AIDS, pregnant women, mothers, and their families, and those unable to access high quality health care. |
| HSA - health savings account | A savings account used in conjunction with a high-deductible health insurance policy that allows users to save money tax-free against medical expenses. |
| HTA - health technology assessment | The systematic evaluation of properties, effects, and/or impacts of health care technology. It should include medical, social, ethical, and economic dimensions, and its main purpose is to inform decision-making in the health area. |
| HUD - U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development | The Federal agency responsible for national policy and programs that address America's housing needs, that improve and develop the Nation's communities, and enforce fair housing laws. |
| IADLs - instrumental activities of daily living | Those activities that allow an individual to live independently in a community. Although not necessary for functional living, the ability to perform such activities can significantly improve the quality of life |
| *ICD - International Classification of Diseases | The classification of morbidity and mortality information for statistical purposes and for the indexing of hospital records by disease and operations for data storage and retrieval. Provides codes to classify diseases and symptoms. |
| ICF/IID - intermediate care facilities for individuals with intellectual disabilities | Health facilities licensed by the Licensing and Certification Division of the California Department of Public Health to provide 24-hour-per-day residential services |
| ICF/MR intermediate care facilities for the mentally retarded | An institution providing diagnosis, treatment or rehabilitation of individuals with mental retardation or related conditions |
| ID - intellectual disability | A term used when there are limits to a person's ability to learn at an expected level and function in daily life. |
| IDD - intellectual/developmental disability | Disorders that are usually present at birth and that negatively affect the trajectory of the individual's physical, intellectual, and/or emotional development. |
| IDEA - Individuals with Disabilities Education Act | A law that makes available a free appropriate public education to eligible children with disabilities throughout the nation and ensures special education and related services to those children. |
| IDS - integrated delivery systems | An organized, coordinated, and collaborative network that links various healthcare providers to provide a coordinated, vertical continuum of services to a particular patient population or community. |
| IDU - injected drug use | “IV drug use,” is a common way to use illicit drugs or misuse legal prescription drugs. Uses a needle to directly put the drug into a vein and the bloodstream. |
| IHR - International Health Regulations | An instrument of international law that is legally-binding on 196 countries, including the 194 WHO Member States. |
| IME - Indirect Medical Education | A Medicare payment supplemental to diagnosis-related group (DRG) payments for each beneficiary inpatient stay. |
| IMGs - international medical graduates | A physician who received a basic medical degree from a medical school located outside the United States and Canada that is not accredited by a U.S. accrediting body, the Liaison Committee on Medical Education, or the American Osteopathic Association. |
| IOM - Institute of Medicine | An independent, nonprofit organization that works outside of government to provide unbiased and authoritative advice to decision makers and the public. |
| IPA - independent practice association | A business entity organized and owned by a network of independent physician practices for the purpose of reducing overhead or pursuing business ventures such as contracts with employers, ACO and/or MCOs. |
| IRB - institutional review board | A group that has been formally designated to review and monitor biomedical research involving human subjects. In accordance with FDA regulations. They have the authority to approve, require modifications in (to secure approval), or disapprove research. |
| IRF - inpatient rehabilitation facility | Free standing rehabilitation hospitals and rehabilitation units in acute care hospitals. They provide an intensive rehabilitation program and patients who are admitted must be able to tolerate three hours of intense rehabilitation services per day. |
| IRMAA - Income-Related Monthly Adjustment Amount | A set of statutory percentage-based tables used to adjust Medicare Part B and Part D prescription drug coverage premiums. An amount you may pay in addition to your Part B or Part D premium if your income is above a certain level. |
| IRS - Internal Revenue Service | The nation's tax collection agency and administers the Internal Revenue Code enacted by Congress. |
| IS - information systems | An integrated set of components for collecting, storing, and processing data and for providing information, knowledge, and digital products. |
| IT - information technology | The study or use of systems (especially computers and telecommunications) for storing, retrieving, and sending information. |
| IV - intravenous | Into or within a vein. Refers to a way of giving a drug or other substance through a needle or tube inserted into a vein. |
| LPN - licensed practical nurse | Works under the supervision of doctors and registered nurses. The duties of an LPN include taking vitals, collecting samples, administering medications, and ensuring patient comfort. |
| LTC - long-term care | Services include medical & non-medical care provided to people who are unable to perform basic activities of daily living such as dressing or bathing. Support and services can be provided at home, in the community, in assisted living or in nursing homes. |
| LTCH - long-term care hospital | Certified as acute‑care hospitals, focus on patients who, on average, stay more than 25 days. Many of the patients are transferred there from an intensive or critical care unit. Ex. Nursing Home |
| LVN - licensed vocational nurse | Also known as a licensed practical nurse (LPN), or vocational nurse, is someone who works in a hospital to care for disabled, sick, or otherwise injured patients. |
| MA - Medicare Advantage | Medicare Part A and Part B coverage. Sometimes called "Part C". Offered by Medicare-approved private companies that must follow rules set by Medicare. Receive most of Part A and Part B coverage from the plan, not Original Medicare. |
| MACPAC - Medicaid and CHIP Payment and Access Commission | Serves as an independent source of information on Medicaid and CHIP, publishing issue briefs and data reports throughout the year to support policy analysis and program accountability. |
| MACRA - Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act | Intended to significantly improve patient outcomes and reduce the cost of health care by offering incentives to medical professionals for the overall quality of care they provide, rather than the number of services and procedures performed. |
| MA-PD - Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug Plan | Medicare offers prescription drug coverage for everyone with Medicare. This coverage is called “Part D.” |
| MA-SNP -Medicare Advantage Special Needs Plan Me | A type of Medicare Advantage Plan that serve individuals with chronic or disabling conditions. |
| MBA - Master of Business Administration | A graduate degree that provides theoretical and practical training for business or investment management. Designed to help graduates gain a better understanding of general business management functions. |
| MCOs - managed care organizations | A health care delivery system organized to manage cost, utilization, and quality. Ex. HMOs, PPOs, and POS. |
| MD - Doctor of Medicine | A physician who has earned a doctorate degree in medicine and specifically allopathic medicine. |
| MDS - Minimum Data Set | A powerful tool for implementing standardized assessment and for facilitating care management in nursing homes (NHs) and non-critical access hospital swing beds. |
| MedPAC - Medicare Payment Advisory Com-mission | An independent federal body established by the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 to advise the U.S. Congress on issues affecting the Medicare program. Provides information on access to care, quality of care, and other issues affecting Medicare. |
| MEPS - Medicare Expenditure Panel Survey | A set of large-scale surveys of families and individuals, their medical providers, and employers across the United States. The most complete source of data on the cost and use of health care and health insurance coverage. |
| MERS - Middle East respiratory syndrome | An illness caused by a virus (specifically, a coronavirus).. Most patients developed severe respiratory illness with symptoms of fever, cough and shortness of breath. About 3 or 4 out of every 10 patients reported with the virus have died. |
| MFP - Money Follows the Person | Demonstration supports state efforts for rebalancing their long-term services and supports system so that individuals have a choice of where they live and receive services. |
| MHA - Master of Health Administration | Degree enables students and professionals to advance their careers and take on leadership roles in healthcare delivery and financing organizations. These leaders plan, direct, and coordinate services in a wide variety of care delivery settings. |
| MHS - multihospital system | Two or more hospitals owned, leased, sponsored, or contract managed by a central organization. |
| MHSA - Master of Health Services Administration | The graduate degree similar to the MHA degree. |
| MIPS - Merit-based Incentive Payment System | Designed to tie payments to quality and cost efficient care, drive improvement in care processes and health outcomes, increase the use of healthcare information, and reduce the cost of care. |
| MLP - midlevel provider | Health care providers such as nurse practitioners, nurse midwives, nurse anesthetists, clinical nurse specialists and physician assistants who are authorized to dispense controlled substances by the state in which they practice. |
| MLR - medical loss ratio | Measurement used by ACA to encourage health plans to provide value to enrollees. If an insurer uses 80 cents of every premium dollar to pay customer medical claims to improve the quality of care. Insurer then uses remaining 20 cents to pay overhead. |
| MMA - Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act | Requires that these individuals receive their prescription drug coverage through Medicare, not their state's Medicaid program. |
| MMR - measles/mumps/rubella vaccine | An attenuated (weakened) live virus vaccine. This means that after injection, the viruses cause a harmless infection in the vaccinated person with very few, if any, symptoms before they are eliminated from the body. |
| MPA - Master of Public Administration/Affairs | A master's degree in public affairs that prepares recipients to serve in executive positions in municipal, state, and federal government and nongovernmental organizations. |
| MPFS - Medicare Physician Fee Schedule | A complete listing of fees used by Medicare to pay doctors or other providers/suppliers. This comprehensive listing of fee maximums is used to reimburse a physician and/or other providers on a fee-for-service basis. |
| MPH - Master of Public Health | Trains students to protect and improve the health of entire populations. Students learn how to tackle the challenging issues that affect communities, work with people across sectors, and educate the public about best health care practices. |
| MRHFP - Medicare Rural Hospital Flexibility Program | A federal funding program designed to improve and sustain access to appropriate and quality health care services in rural areas. |
| MRI - magnetic resonance imaging | A form of medical imaging that measures the response of the atomic nuclei of body tissues to high-frequency radio waves when placed in a strong magnetic field, and that produces images of the internal organs. |
| MSA - metropolitan statistical area | Consists of one or more counties that contain a city of 50,000 or. more inhabitants, or contain a Census Bureau-defined urbanized area (UA) and have a total population of at least 100,000 (75,000 in New England). |
| MS-DRG - Medicare severity diagnosis-related group | A particular set of patient attributes which include principal diagnosis, specific secondary diagnoses, procedures, sex & discharge status. Classifying a Medicare patient's hospital stay into various groups in order to facilitate payment of services. |
| MSO - management services organization | A health care specific administrative and management engine that provides a host of administrative and management functions necessary to be successful in the ever changing healthcare environment. |
| MSSP - Medicare Shared Savings Program | A voluntary program that encourages groups of doctors, hospitals, and other health care providers to come together as an ACO to give coordinated, high quality care to their Medicare beneficiaries. |
| MUAs - medically underserved areas | Areas or populations designated by HRSA as having too few primary care providers, high infant mortality, high poverty or a high elderly population. |
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