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Health Sci 273 Study
Study Cards
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Louis Pasteur | Began pasteurizing milk to kill bacteria, Germ Theory of Disease |
| Joseph Lister | Father of Antiseptic Surgery |
| Older Americans Act 1965 | provides support and services for ages 60 and older, including nutrition, transportation and congregate meals |
| Medicare Parts A, B, and D | Provide health insurance for those of 65 and older, disabled and with low income |
| Medicare | A federal program of health insurance for persons 65 years of age and older |
| Medicare Part A | The part of the Medicare program that pays for hospitalization, care in a skilled nursing facility, home health care, and hospice care. |
| Medicare Part B | - Medical Insurance covers most medically necessary doctor, preventative care, medical equipment, hospital outpatient services, lab tests, mental health care, and home + ambulance |
| Medicare Part D | Prescription drug coverage |
| HMO (Health Maintenance Organization) | Health insurance that requires a PCP and wants you to use only in-network doctors |
| PPO (Preferred Provider Organization) | A type of health plan that contracts with medical providers, such as hospitals and doctors, to create a network of participating providers. You pay more for using out of network providers |
| Desired Dose & Volume/Concentration on Hand | Prescribed/On Hand x Quantity of On Hand Dose = x |
| IV | Volume/Time x Drop Factor |
| TID | Three times a day |
| BID | Two times a day |
| QID | Four times a day |
| Enter | Intestine |
| Inter | Between |
| AN | Without, Not |
| AB | From, Away From |
| Alzheimer's disease | Dementia due to changes in the brain |
| Chrons Disease | A chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the lining of the digestive tract. |
| Down Syndrome | Trisomy 21 |
| Parkinsons Disease | a progressive disease that destroys brain cells and is identified by muscular tremors, slowing of movement, and partial facial paralysis |
| Autosomal | Chromosomes 1-22 that are not sex chromosomes |
| Genome | Complete set of DNA or Genes |
| Dominant Trait | A genetic trait is considered dominant if it is expressed in a person who has only one copy of the gene associated with the trait. |
| Recessive Trait | A trait that reappears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred |
| Pathogenic | Causing or able to cause disease |
| Bacteria (Pathogenic) | Small, single celled microorganism that can't be seen by the naked eye. |
| Cocci (Bacteria) | spherical bacteria |
| Bacilli (Bacteria) | Rod shaped bacteria |
| Spirochetes (Bacteria) | corkscrew shaped bacteria |
| Streptococci (Bacteria) | Twisted Chains (Strept, Pneumonia) |
| Antibiotics | Used to treat bacterial infections |
| Fungi | Parasitic organism that live in soil or on plants (yeast & molds) |
| Athletes Foot, Thrush, Vaginitis, Lung Disease | Examples of Fungi Disease |
| Topical, Oral or IV | Used to treat Fungal Infections |
| Virus (Pathogenic) | Microorganism much smaller than bacteria that depend on living cells to survive. Causes many serious diseases or illnesses. |
| Common Cold, Influenza, Smallpox, HPV, Chicken Pox, Herpes, Measles, Aids, Mono, HIV, | Examples of Viral Diseases |
| Immunizations | Usually used to treat Viral Diseases |
| Aerobes (Bacteria) | require oxygen to survive |
| Anaerobes (Bacteria) | Require little to no oxygen to survive |
| Antimicrobials | destroy bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, depending on the particular drug, generally by interfering with the functions of their cell membrane or their reproductive cycle |
| Protozoa | microscopic, one-celled animals often found in decayed materials (soil) and contaminated water |
| sagital/lateral | left to right |
| coronal/frontal | front and back |
| Transverse | superior and inferior |
| Abdominal Regions | right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar, right iliac, hypogastric, left iliac |
| Type 1 Diabetes (1) | Diabetes of a form that usually develops during childhood or adolescence and is characterized by a severe deficiency of insulin, leading to high blood glucose levels. |
| Type 1 Diabetes (2) | immune system attacks insulin producing cells in pancreas |
| type 1 diabetes symptoms | Classic symptoms are PPP - excessive secretion of urine - polyuria -thirst - polydipsia -weight loss, tiredness and increased hunger-Polyphasia (due to cell malnutrition) |
| type 1 diabetes treatment | -Insulin -Injections/ Insulin pump -Glucose monitoring meter -Track food choices and activity -Match insulin to achieve desired blood glucose levels |
| type 2 diabetes symptoms | - Thirst - Frequent urination - Numbing/Tingling of feet & hands - Slow healing - Fatigue - Blurred vision - Infections - Neuropathy |
| type 2 diabetes treatment | diet, exercise, and oral medications, glucose monitoring |
| 3 layers of meninges | dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater |
| dura mater | tough outer layer of the meninges |
| arachnoid mater | cushion middle layer of the meninges |
| pia mater | thin, delicate inner membrane of the meninges |
| 2 parts of the brain | cerebrum and cerebellum |
| Cerebrum | Largest part of the brain; responsible for voluntary muscular activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought, and memory. |
| Cerebellum | the "little brain" at the rear of the brainstem; functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance |
| Neurological System | consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves |
| Peripheal Nervous System (PNS) | the sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body |
| autonomic nervous system (ANS) | Controls Body System & Maintains Homeostasis |
| somatic nervous system | A subdivision of the peripheral nervous system. Enables voluntary actions to be undertaken due to its control of skeletal muscles |
| embryonic period (weeks 3-8) | Neural tube forms CNS & Primitive tube forms heart, blood vessels & urinary tract |
| Water Pollution | Any physical or chemical change in surface water or groundwater that can harm living organisms or make water unfit for certain uses. |
| contamination | Sewage, oil spills, industrial wastes, chemical runoffs, KILLS FISH & WILDLIFE. (Can cause harm to wetlands & reefs.) |
| Water Pollution Diseases | Typhoid fever, Cancer, Developmental Disorders |
| Asepsis | Primary concern is handwashing to prevent spread of disease because many infections are from contact. |
| Medical asepsis | practices used to remove or destroy pathogens and to prevent their spread from one person or place to another person or place; clean technique |
| Medical asepsis (clean technique) | perform hand hygiene frequently; use PPE as indicated; don't place items on the floor of client's room; don't shake linen; clean least soiled area first; place moist items in plastic bags; reinforce education with client and caregivers |
| Order of Nutrition Label | Serving Size, Calories, Nutrients, %Daily Value |
| anorexia nervosa | an eating disorder in which an irrational fear of weight gain leads people to starve themselves |
| Anorexia Nervosa Symptoms | Emaciation, Osteoporosis, Hair Loss, Cardiac Dysfunction |
| bulimia nervosa | an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging |
| Vitamin A | Normal Vision, Immune System & Reproduction Highest in Liver, Fish, Eggs & Dairy Products |
| Vitamin B | Maintaining Good Health & Well Being Energy Levels Prevent Infections Meat (Liver, Seafood & Poultry Eggs) |
| Vitamin C | Helps the body fight infection Citrus Fruit, Tomatoes, Potatoes |
| Vitamin D | calcium absorption immune function protecting bone muscle |
| Vitamin E | Vision, reproduction, health of blood, brain & skin Plant based oil, nuts, seeds, fruits & veggies |
| Vitamin K | helps with blood clotting Leafy Green Vegetables |
| Nitroglycerin | .3 every 5 minutes up to 3x Headache, dizziness & palpitations |
| Routes of drug administration | Oral Sublingual/Buccal (Cheek) |
| sympathetic nervous system | fight or flight - blood gets redirected from areas to vital organs |
| Schizophrenia | a group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions |
| Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs | (level 1) Physiological Needs, (level 2) Safety and Security, (level 3) Relationships, Love and Affection, (level 4) Self Esteem, (level 5) Self Actualization |
| Maslow's 1st level | Physiological needs- oxygen food water |
| Maslow's 2nd level | Safety Needs: Living free from physical harm, anxiety, fear. |
| Maslow's 3rd level | Love and Affection: Feeling a sense of belonging, Friendship, Love. |
| Maslow's 4th level | Esteem: Self respect as well as respect of others. |
| Maslow's 5th level | Self-Actualization: Achievement of one's greatest potential, Confident, willing to help others. (People who have achieved this: Mother Theresa, Gandhi, Dali Lama) |
| halter monitor | portable ECG test that records activity as the patient goes through activities of daily living to determine arrhythmias of the heart |
| ECG testing conditions | At rest, during the stress of exercise, or during recovery |
| HIPAA | The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, a federal law protecting the privacy of patient-specific health care information and providing the patient with control over how this information is used and distributed. |
| HIPAA shared with | Spouse Legal Guardian Parents Durable Power of Attorney Those involved for care of patient |
| race | rescue, alarm, contain, extinguish |
| pass | Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep |
| Heimlich maneuver | procedure that removes food or other obstacles from a choking person's airway |
| Child Heimlich maneuver | Face Down Back Thrust |
| OSHA | Occupational Safety and Health Administration, a government agency in the Department of Labor to maintain a safe and healthy work environment |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration. The agency that is responsible for determining if a food or drug is safe and effective enough to be sold to the public. |
| CDC (Center for Disease Control) | a division of the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) that focuses on disease outbreaks and prevention in the United States of America **Maintains websites & provides educational materials such as posters & pamphlets** |
| NIH | the federal agency that funds and conducts biomedical research |
| World Health Organization (WHO) | an agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health |
| Conflict Resolution | Allow both sides to present their side w/out bias Encourage cooperation through negotiation Maintain Focus (Avoid Arugments) Evaluate need for renegotiations |
| Autonomy (Privacy) | Principle that individual has the right to make decisions about his/her own care. For Kids Patient Self Determination Act |
| Patient Self-Determination Act | A federal law that mandates that every individual has the right to make decisions regarding medical care, including the right to refuse treatment and the right-to-die |
| Negligence | Failure to follow standard of care |
| Duty of Care | The duty of all persons, as established by tort law, to exercise a reasonable amount of care |
| Breach of Duty | failure to use the degree of care required under the circumstances |
| Assault | verbal threat |
| Battery | physical harm |
| Order to TAKE OFF PPE | Shoe Covers, Gown & Gloves, Wash Hands, Hair Cover, Mask, Wash Hands |
| Artherosclerosis | Hardening and narrowing of the arteries due to buildup of cholesterol plaques |
| positive feedback loop | Causes a system to change further in the same direction. |
| negative feedback loop | A feedback loop in which a system responds to a change by returning to its original state, or by decreasing the rate at which the change is occurring. |
| body mechanics techniques | |
| Clinical Trial Phases | |
| bulimia nervosa symptoms | |
| Myths about aging | |
| type 2 diabetes | |
| Tay Sachs |
Created by:
TKeith
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