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NASM-CPT Ch. 3 Terms
Chapter 3: The Psychology of Exercise
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Psychology | An area of science that focuses on people, and in particular, how the mind and feelings may influence behaviors. |
| Adherence | The level of commitment to a behavior or plan of action. |
| Motivation | The intensity and direction of someone’s effort to participate in an activity or engage in a behavior. |
| Socioeconomic status | The social standing of a person or group that includes education, income, and occupation. |
| Amotivation | Describes when someone is not motivated to engage in an activity or behavior. |
| Extrinsic Motivation | When someone participates in an activity or behavior for some type of reward or recognition from others. |
| Intrinsic Motivation | When people engage in an activity or behavior because they feel a sense of satisfaction. |
| Relatedness | A sense of belonging to other people |
| Outcome Goals | Goals focused on the end result. |
| Process Goals | Refers to the process of goal pursuit. |
| Social Support | The intentional ways that people assist others in achieving a specific behavior. |
| Social Physique Anxiety | A specific form of anxiety that occurs in individuals who perceive that others could be negatively evaluating their physique. |
| Ambivalence | Describes a person’s state of mixed feelings about a situation. |
| Instrumental Support | The actions that directly facilitate a behavior to happen. In the context of exercise, instrumental support can include driving a person to a health club or paying for the gym membership. |
| Emotional Support | The encouragement and positive reinforcement that is provided from an individual to another, which includes being caring, empathetic, and showing concern. |
| Empathy | The ability to identify with another person’s feelings, attitudes, or thoughts. |
| Informational Support | Providing accurate, current, and informative information. |
| Companionship Support | When someone engages in a behavior with an individual. This type of support is often observed in an exercise setting where people exercise with a friend or partner. |
| The Built Environment | General physical surroundings. Sidewalks, biking paths, playgrounds, green spaces, trails, public transit, etc. |
| Self-esteem | The way someone evaluates their own self-worth physically, emotionally, and socially. |
| Body Image | The way someone views their physical self or visualizes their body. |
| Sleep Apnea | A sleep disorder in which a person’s breathing repeatedly stops and starts, which disrupts the body’s natural sleep cycle. |