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HED224 ch4 terms
chapter 4 terms / definitions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cognition | the act or process of knowing |
| emotions | patterns of brain activity that can arise spontaneously or in response to what is experienced, has been experienced, or believed to be experienced |
| mental health | a sense of optimism, vitality, and well-being, and intentional behaviors that lead to productive activities, fulfilling relationships with others, and the ability to adapt to change and to cope with adversity |
| mental illness | alterations in thinking, emotions, and/or intentional behaviors that produce psychological distress and/or impaired functioning |
| cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) | treatment of psychological distress by examining and changing thoughts that underlie it |
| cognitive reframing | choosing to see a situation from a different point of view |
| coping strategies | ways people devise to prevent, avoid, or control the emotional distress of unfulfilled needs |
| defense mechanisms | mental strategies for avoiding unpleasant thoughts and emotions |
| hostiilty | a personal trait characterized by an ongoing mistrust of others, cynicism, a personal emotional style of anger mixed with disgust and contempt, and a tendency to act out those feelings with overt aggression, snide comments, and criticism |
| social support | resources that one receives from others, particularly people in one's immediate social network with whom one has emotional bonds and/or social ties |
| anxiety | the fear of an imaginary threat |
| perceived social support | believing that support from one's social network is available if needed |
| phobia | a powerful and irrational fear or something |
| social anxiety disorder | fear of being observed and evaluated by others in social situations |
| generalized anxiety disorder | persistent and often nonspecific worry and anxiety |
| major depression | a mental state characterized by feelings of helplessness, hopelessness, and self-recrimination |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) | persistent, unwelcome thoughts or images and the urgent, uncomfortable need to engage in certain rituals |
| panic disorder | severe anxiety accompanied by physical symptoms |
| bipolar disorder | episodes of depression followed by episodes of mania |
| dysthymia | a long-lasting, mild form of depression |
| seasonal affective disorder (SAD) | depressive symptoms that appear in autumn or winter and remit spontaneously in spring |
| adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) | difficulty focusing on activities, organizing and finishing tasks, managing one's time, following instructions and/or being overly restless, "on the go", and perceived as not thinking before acting or speaking |
| autism spectrum disorders (ASD) | a group of conditions characterized by degrees of impairment in interpersonal interaction |
| insomnia | prolonged inability to obtain adequate sleep |
| narcolepsy | extreme tendency to fall asleep during the day |
| parasomnias | activities that interrupt restful sleep |
| rapid eye movement (REM) | stage of sleep in which dreams occur |
Created by:
gwincollins
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