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medical term ch 6
medical terminology disease
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| acute | sudden, severe, having a short course |
| benign | not recurrent or malignant, favorable for recovery, describing a tumor that does not spread( metastasize) to other tissues |
| carcinoma | a malignant neoplasm composed of epithelial cells ( from Greek root carcino, meaning crab) (adjective: carcinomatous) |
| chronic | of long duration, progressing slowly |
| cyst | an abnormal filled sac or pouch; used as a root meaning a normal bladder or sac, such as the urinary bladder or gallbladder (root:cyst/o) |
| edema | accumulation of fluid in the tissues, selling; adjective: edematous |
| etiology | the cause of a disease |
| Gram stain | a laboratory staining procedure that divides bacteria into two groups: Gram-positive, which stain purple, and Gram-negative, which stain red |
| hernia | protrusion of an organ through an abnormal opening; commonly called a rupture |
| immunity | all our defenses against infectious disease |
| inflammation | a localized response to tissue injury characterized by heat, pain, redness, and swelling |
| lesion | a distinct area of damaged tissue, an injury or wound |
| lesion | a distinct area of damaged tissue, an injury or wound |
| malignant | growing worse, harmful, tending to cause death, describing an invasive tumor that can spread (metastasize) to other tissues |
| metastasis | spread from one part of the body to another, characteristic of cancer; verb is metastasize, adjective: metastatic; from Greek word met/a (beyond, change)+stasis(stand) |
| microorganism | an organism too small to be seen without the aid of a microscope |
| necrosis | death of tissue (root necr/o means death); adjective: necrotic |
| neoplasm | a tumor, or abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissue; from prefix neo- meaning new and root plasm meaning formation |
| parasite | an organism that grows on or in another organism (the host), causing damage to it |
| pathogen | an organism capable of causing disease( root path/o means disease) |
| phagocytosis | the ingestion of organisms, such as invading bacteria or small particles of waste material by a cell (root phag/o means to eat); the phagocytic, then destroys the ingested material |
| prolapse | a dropping or downward displacement of an organ or part, ptosis |
| pus | a product of inflammation consisting of fluid and white blood cells (root: py/o |
| sarcoma | a malignant neoplasm arising from connective tissue (from Greek root sarco, meaning flesh); adjective: sarcomatous |
| sepsis | the presence of harmful microorganisms or their toxins in the blood or other tissues; adjective: septic |
| toxin | a poison, adjective: toxic(roots: tox/o, toxic/o) |
| trauma | a physical or psychologic wound or injury |
| alg/o, algi/o, algesi/o | pain |
| carcin/o | cancer, carcinoma |
| cyst/o | |
| lith | calculus, stone |
| onc/o | tumor |
| path/o | disease |
| py/o | pus |
| pyr/o, pyret/o | fever, fire |
| scler/o | hard |
| tox/o, toxic/o | poison |
| toxicology | the study of poisons, toxins |
| pyorrhea | |
| brady | slow |
| dys | abnormal, painful, difficult |
| mal | bad, poor |
| pachy | thick |
| tachy | rapid |
| xero | dry |
| cele | hernia, localized dilation |
| clasis, clasia | breaking |
| itis | inflammation |
| megaly | enlargement |
| odynia | pain |
| oma | tumor |
| pathy | any disease of |
| rhage, rhagia | bursting forth, profuse flow, hemorrhage |
| rhea | flow, discharge |
| rhexis | rupture |
| schisis | fissure, splitting |
| dilation, dilatation | expansion, widening |
| ectasia, ectasis | dilation, dilatation, distendion |
| edema | accumulation of fluid, swelling |
| lysis | separation, loosening, dissolving, destruction |
| malacia | softening |
| necrosis | death of tissue |
| ptosis | dropping, downward, displacement, prolapse |
| sclerosis | hardening |
| spasm | sudden contraction, constriction |
| stasis | suppression, stoppage |
| stenosis | narrowing, constriction |
| toxin | poison |
| staphylo | grape-like cluster |
| strepto | twisted, chain |
| bacill/i, bacill/o | bacillus |
| bacteri/o | bacterium |
| myc/o | fungus, mold |
| vir/o | virus |
| acid-fast stain | a laboratory staining procedure used mainly to identify the tuberculosis (TB) organism |
| communicable | capable of passing from one person to another, such as an infectious disease |
| endemic | occurring at a low level but continuously in a given region, such as the common cold (from en-, meaning in and Greek demos, meaning people |
| epidemic | affecting many people in a given region at the same time, a disease that breaks out in a large proportion of a population at a given time |
| exacerbation | worsening of disease, increase in severity of a disease or its symptoms |
| iatrogenic | caused by the effects of treatment (from Greek root iatro-, meaning physician |
| idiopathic | having no known cause (root idio means self-originating |
| in situ | localized, noninvasive (literally in position); said of tumors that do not spread, such as carcinoma in situ (CIS) |
| normal flora | the microorganisms that normally live on or in the body and are generally harmless, can be beneficial or can cause disease if injured or failure of the immune system |
| nosocomial | an infection acquired in a hospital(root nos/o means disease, comial refers to hospital) |
| opportunistic | an infection that occurs because of a host's poor or altered condition |
| pandemic | a disease prevalent throughout the entire region or the world |
| remission | a lessening of disease symptoms, the period during which symptoms are lessening |
| septicemia | presence of pathogenic bacteria in the blood, blood poisening |
| systemic | pertaining to the whole body |
| abscess | a localized collection of pus |
| adhesion | a uniting of two surfaces or parts that may normally be separated |
| anaplasia | lack of normal differentiation |
| ascites | accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity |
| cellulitis | spreading of inflammation of tissue |
| effusion | escape of fluid into a cavity or other body part |
| exudate | material that escapes from blood vessels as a result of tissue injury |
| fissure | a groove or split |
| fistula | an abnormal passage between two organs or from an organ to the surface of the body |
| gangrene | death of tissue, usually caused by lack of blood supply; bacterial infection and decomposition |
| hyperplasia | excessive growth of normal cells in normal arrangement |
| hypertrophy | an increase in the size of the organ without increase in the number of cells; may result from an increase in activity (muscles) |
| induration | hardening, an abnormality hard spot or place |
| metaplasia | conversion of cells to a form that is not normal for that tissue(prefix:meta means change) |
| polyp | a tumor attached by a thin stalk |
| purulent | forming or containing pus |
| suppuration | pus formation |
| AF | acid fast |
| CA, Ca | Cancer |
| CIS | carcinoma in situ |
| FUO | fever of unknown origin |
| Gm+ | Gram-positive |
| Gm- | Gram-negative |
| MDR | multi-drug resistant |
| MRSA | methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus |
| Staph | Staphylococcus |
| Strep | Streptococcus |
| VRSA | Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus |
Created by:
sambone22
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