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Urinary System
Medical Terminology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| amino acid | basic building block of protein |
| ammonia | toxic breakdown product of amino acids |
| bladder | hollow sac that holds fluid (ex. urine or bile) |
| kidney | organ of excretion |
| nephrology | medical specialty of diseases of the kidney |
| nephrologist | one who specializes in diseases of the kidney |
| renal | pertaining to the kidney |
| urea | end-product of nitrogen metabolism expelled in the urine |
| ureter | tube that connects the kidney to the urinary bladder |
| urethra | canal leading from the bladder to outside |
| urology | medical specialty of disorders of the urinary system |
| urologist | one who specializes in disorders of the urinary system |
| calyx | funnel-shaped structure |
| erythropoeitin | protein secreted by the kidney that stimulates red blood cell production |
| glomerulus | plexus of capillaries; part of a nephron |
| nephron | filtration unit of the kidney |
| peritubular | surrounding the small renal tubules |
| glomerulonephritis | infection of the glomerulus of the kidney |
| interstitial | pertaining to the spaces between cells in a tissue or organ |
| nephritis | inflammation of the kidney |
| nephroblastoma | cancerous tumor of the kidney |
| Wilms tumor | a type of nephroblastoma |
| nephropathy | any disease of the kidney |
| nephrotic syndrome | glomerular disease with marked loss of protein |
| pyelitis | inflammation of the renal pelvis |
| pyelonephritis | inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney |
| anuria | absence or urine production |
| azotemia | excess nitrogenous waste products (urea) in the blood |
| hematuria | presence of blood in the urine |
| oliguria | scanty urine production |
| uremia | a condition caused by excess urea and other nitrogenous wastes in the blood |
| calculus | small stone |
| nephrolithiasis | presence of a kidney stone |
| hydronephrosis | dilation of pelvis and calyces of the kidney |
| meatus | the external opening of a passage |
| micturition | act of passing urine |
| void | act of passing urine |
| cystitis | inflammation of the urinary bladder |
| dysuria | difficulty or pain with urination |
| incontinence | inability to prevent discharge of urine or feces |
| cystoscope | instrument used to view the inside of the bladder |
| glycosuria | presence of glucose in the urine |
| lithotripsy | crushing stones by sound waves |
| nephrolithotomy | incision to remove renal stones |
| cystopexy | surgical procedure to support the urinary bladder |
| hemodialysis | an artificial method of filtration to remove excess waste materials and water from the body |
Created by:
Prof Parker
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