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Bryan Public Health
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Public Health? | An examination of environmental, social, and economic determinants of health- not just those traditionally addressed by public health and clinical health care |
| The definition of public health includes interventions to address health issues, including the ______ and _______ of healthcare delivery systems. | structure and function |
| What is meant by population health? | this is a BROAD concept of public health that stresses collaboration among traditional public health professions and professionals |
| What type of approach does population health utilize? | evidence-based approach |
| What are the four components of health? | health issues, populations, society's shared health concerns, and society's vulnerable groups |
| The _____ component of health includes things like physical health, mental health, and medical interventions. | Health issues |
| The _________ component of health includes the idea of a global community and is not confined by geography. | Populations |
| The __________________ component of health includes communicable diseases, emerging infectious diseases, impacts of climate change, toxic exposures from the physical environment, transportation safety, and costs of health care | Society's shared health concerns |
| __________________, a component of health, includes mothers and children, individuals in high-risk occupations, the disabled, the frail elderly, individuals without health insurance, HIV/AIDS patients, and those with genetic vulnerability. | Society's vulnerable groups |
| The ______________________ approach focuses on those with the highest probability of developing disease and aims to bring their risk close to the levels experienced by the rest of the population | high risk approach |
| The ____________ approach focuses on the entire population and aims to reduce the risk for everyone. | improving-the-average approach |
| Health risks extend from ____________________ to _________________. | prenatal to postmortem |
| ____________ is the single most important factor influencing causes of death and disability. | age |
| What are the factors that determine the occurrence of disease, disability, and death... | Behavior, Infection, Genetics, Geography, Environment, Medical care, and Socioeconomic-cultural |
| What is the acronym for remembering the factors that determine the occurrence of disease, disability, and death..... | BIG GEMS |
| _______________________ describes the impact of falling childhood death rates and extended life spans on the size and the age distribution of populations. | Demographic transition |
| _____________________ implies that as social and economic development occurs, different types of diseases become prominent | Epidemiological/ public health |
| What is the term used to imply that countries frequently move from poorly balanced diets often deficient in nutrients, proteins, and calories to a diet of highly processed food, including fats, sugars, and salt | Nutritional transition |
| What is the burden of disease? | the occurrence of disability and death due to a disease |
| What is the course of disease? | how often the disease occurs, how likely it is to be present currently, and what happens once if occurs |
| What is the distribution of disease? | who, when, and where the disease occurs of affects |
| How can understanding the distribution of disease help us generate hypothesis about disease causation? | assists epidemiologists in finding group associations or patterns in the frequency of a disease |
| To gain a greater understanding, we examine __________, _________ and __________. | person, place, and time |
| To gain a greater understanding, we examine the ___________ which includes demographic characteristics, behaviors, and exposures | person |
| To gain a greater understanding, we examine the place which tells us the __________ and ____________ between people. | geographic location and non-physical connections between people |
| What are the three basic reasons that changes in rates may be artifactual rather than real? | differences in the INTEREST in identifying the disease, differences in the ABILITY to identify the disease, or difference in the DEFINITION of the disease |
| What is a group association? | hypothesis about the cause of a disease without having information on specific individuals within the group |
| T or F- group associations can be misleading if they suggest relationships that do not exist at the individual level. | True |
| What can we do if all three requirements don't definitively establish contributory cause?? | examine supportive criteria (this includes the strength of the relationship, the consistency of the relationship, and the biological plausibility |
| What does the contributory cause imply? | existence of a contributory cause implies that the "cause" increases the chances that the "effect" will develop |
| To examine the options for implementation, what type of approach should be used? | When-Who-How |
| T or F- deciding when, who, and how to intervene depends in large part upon the available options, the evidence that they work, and our attitudes toward different types of interventions | True |
| _____________________ is methods for collecting, compiling, and presenting health information. | Health communications |
| ___________________ addresses how we perceive, combine, and use information to make decisions. | Health communications |
| T or F- data from public health surveillance are collected, published, and distributed while identifying specific individuals. | FALSE- does not identify specific individuals |
| _________________________________ are measurements that summarize the health of populations. | Infant mortality rate, life expectancy, under-5 mortality, and health adjusted life expectancy, and disability adjusted life year |
| What are the three types of effects can greatly influence our perceptions of potential of harms and benefits? | dread effect, unfamiliarity effect, and uncontrollability effect |
| ___________ are hazards that easily produce very visual and feared consequences | Dread effect |
| ______________ effect are hazards we lack experience with may elicit more fear | Unfamiliarity effect |
| ______________ effect is hazards out of our control perceived as more threatening | Uncontrollability |
| What type of information needs to be combined to make health decisions? | how likely, how important, how soon.... |
| ____________ attitudes favor taking actions or avoiding actions that differ from the recommendations given | risk-taking attitudes |
| What are the three approaches to making informed make healthcare decisions? | inform of decision, informed consent, and shared decision making |
Created by:
Mal.Fine
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