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Diseases & Vaccines

TermDefinition
Diseases caused by viruses Colds, the flu (Influenza), measles, mumps, Mono, Hepatitis, AIDS, Norovirus, Chicken Pox, West Nile
Diseases caused by bacteria Tuberculosis, tetanus, sinus infections, strep throat, meningitis, salmonellosis, e. coli, ear infection, whooping cough
Diseases caused by fungi Athlete’s foot & ringworm
Antibiotic A medication that destroys or slows the growth of bacteria and helps heal infections.
Controllable Risk Factors Diet, body weight, levels of activity, levels of sun exposure, chemical abuse
Uncontrollable Risk Factors Age, gender, ethnicity, heredity
Immunity The body's ability to destroy pathogens that it has previously encountered.
Long term strategies for preventing diseases Getting immunized, avoiding stress, exercising regularly, healthy diet, get regular medical checkups
Vaccine A dead or nontoxic part of a pathogen that is injected into a person to train his or her immune system to eliminate the live pathogen.
Herd Immunity Large group of individuals in a community being immunized against a contagious disease.
Carcinogen A substance capable of causing cancer in living tissue.
Malignant Tumor Invades and destroys healthy tissue
Bacterial Infections Diseases that destroyed by the immune system or treated with antibiotics.
Infectious Disease A disease that can be passed from one person to another.
Antibiotic Resistance A condition in which bacteria can no longer be killed by a particular antibiotic.
Insulin A hormone that causes cells to remove glucose from the bloodstream.
Risk Factor An attribute, characteristic or exposure of an individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or injury.
Lifestyle diseases Diseases that are caused partly by unhealthy behaviors and partly by other factors, such as genetics.
High Blood Pressure when blood pressure is abnormally high especially in the arteries. Can injure the walls of the blood vessels, which can lead to other heart diseases.
Stroke Sudden attacks of weakness or paralysis that occurs when a blood vessel in the brain burst or becomes blocked.
Heart Attack A sudden loss of blood flow to the heart muscle.
Cancer A disease caused by uncontrolled cell growth.
Diabetes disorder in which cells are unable to obtain glucose from the blood such that high blood-glucose levels result.
Atherosclerosis A disease characterized by the buildup of fatty materials on the inside walls of the arteries.
How does immunity to a disease develop (3 steps)? 1- Inject dead or weakened germ 2 - White blood cells attack and destroy 3- Create memory cells
Benign Tumor An abnormal, but usually harmless cell mass.
Heart Disease Diseases and disorders that result from progressive damage to the heart and blood vessels.
Pathogen Any agent that causes disease (aka germ)
Bacteria Tiny, single-celled organisms, some of which can cause disease but many are helpful.
Virus Smaller than bacteria and replicate only inside living cells.
Fungi Organisms that absorb and use the nutrients of living or dead organisms.
Vaccine A preparation of killed or weakened germ that is given (as by injection) to produce or increase immunity to a particular disease.
Heart Disease Diseases and disorders that result from progressive damage to the heart and blood vessels.
Blood Pressure The force the blood exerts against the inside walls of a blood vessel.
High Blood Pressure High Blood Pressure
Symptom A sign that a disease may be present
Hemorrhagic Stroke Occurs when a blood vessel in your brain leaks or ruptures. Less common stroke.
Ischemic Stroke Occur when the arteries to your brain become narrowed or blocked. Most common stroke.
Created by: bmarqua2
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